Download Classification Vocab

CLASSIFICATION
VOCAB
Chapter 18
Bacteria that “like” living in HOT
environments like volcano vents
thermophiles
Group or level of organization into
which organisms are classified
TAXON
Bacteria that “like” living in
very SALTY environments
halophiles
Classification system in which each
species is assigned a two-part
scientific name
Binomial nomenclature
The evolutionary history of an
organism
phylogeny
Diagram that shows evolutionary
relationship based comparing
derived characters
cladogram
Characteristics that appear in
recent parts of a lineage but
not in its older members
Derived characters
The science of classifying organisms and
assigning each organism a unique
universally accepted scientific name
taxonomy
Large taxonomic group made up of
closely related phyla; top level in
Linnaeus’s classification
hierarchy Kingdom
Method of grouping organisms
together according to their
evolutionary history
Evolutionary classification
Group of closely related classes
Phylum (pl. phyla)
Model that uses DNA comparisons to
estimate the length of time that two
species have been evolving
independently
Molecular clock
Group of similar orders
CLASS
Most inclusive taxonomic category
based on ribosomal RNA;
larger than a kingdom
DOMAIN
Group of similar families
ORDER
Swedish botanist who came up with
a classification system that groups
organisms in a 7 level hierarchy and
gives each a 2 part scientific name
Carolus Linnaeus
Group of genera that share
many characteristics
FAMILY
Greek philosopher and teacher that
came up with the first classification
system that separated organisms into
2 groups … plants or animals
Aristotle
The first part of a 2 part scientific
name
genus
Polysaccharide molecule used in
plant cell walls to make them sturdy
cellulose
The second part of a two part
scientific name
Species identifier
Hereditary information found in
all living things
DNA
Kingdom that includes all
prokaryotes with peptidoglycan
in their cell walls
Eubacteria
Kingdom that includes all multicellular
eukaryotic heterotrophs with no cell
walls or chloroplasts
Animalia
Kingdom with includes
heterotrophic eukaryotes with
chitin in their cell walls
Fungi
Kingdom that includes multicellular
eukaryotes that have chloroplasts for
photosynthesis and have cell walls
made of cellulose
Plantae
Kingdom that includes prokaryotes
without peptidoglycan in their cell
walls
Archaebacteria
Kingdom composed of eukaryotes that
are not classified as plants, animals, or fungi;
Some have cell walls made of cellulose
and chloroplasts
Protista
a series of paired statements that describe
characteristics of different organisms that
can be used to classify and identify living
things.
Dichotomous key
Bacteria that “like” living in
very HOT environments
thermophiles
Molecule found in the cell walls of Fungi
chitin
One of original 5 kingdoms that was
Split to make two bacterial kingdoms
MONERA