Download List two manufacturing processes that depends on

List two manufacturing processes that
depend on the activity of yeast.
List two growing conditions commercial
brewers must control for yeast activity.
(credit)
ANS raising of bread dough and making
wine and beer
ANS optimum temperature + optimum pH
What type of organism is yeast?
What is meant by the term batch process?
(credit)
ANS A single celled fungus
ANS All necessary ingredients are added
and then the process is closed until product
produced.
What is the food source for yeast?
Why are the barley grains malted before
using them in the brewing industry?
(credit)
ANS Sugar
What is the other name for anaerobic
respiration by yeast?
Why does milk go sour? (credit)
ANS Fermentation
What is the equation for anaerobic
respiration in yeast?
ANS
sugar
ANS To produce maltose sugar for the
yeast cells.
energy + CO2 +
Alcohol
List 3 differences between fermentation an
aerobic respiration in yeast. (credit)
ANS fermentation provides less energy and
alcohol
ANS Bacteria in the milk use the lactose
sugar to carry out fermentation and produce
lactic acid.
Describe one way the environment can be
damaged by the disposal of untreated
sewage.
Why are bacteria important in the carbon
cycle? (credit)
ANS Pollute our river and lochs and kill the
fish
ANS The bacteria release CO2 from dead
organisms and waste as they carry out
respiration
List one disease that can be spread by
untreated sewage.
What do bacteria gain from carrying out
decomposition? (credit)
ANS typhoid / cholera
ANS The bacteria use the waste or dead
organisms as a food supply to obtain energy.
List two precautions that will be taken when
working with micro-organisms.
Why is complete breakdown of sewage only
possible in aerobic conditions? (credit)
ANS Sterilise the working area and
equipment, work close to a bunsen burner,
wear a lab coat and tie back your hair if long
ANS As the sewage is completely broken
down to CO2 and H2O
What precautions must be taken in the
manufacturing process to deal with resistant
bacterial and fungal spores. (credit)
Why is a range of micro-organisms required
to break down the materials in sewage?
(credit)
ANS Use high pressure or strong chemicals
List the process in the nitrogen cycle that
uses bacteria. (credit)
ANS decomposition, nitrification, nitrogen
fixation and denitrification
List two ways oxygen can be supplied during
sewage treatment.
ANS By mechanical agitation or pressure
ANS To breakdown all the different types
of material found in sewage
What is the main process in the treatment
of sewage?
ANS The breakdown of sewage into
harmless products by the decay microorganisms.
What useful product can manure be changed
in to? (credit)
What is the round chromosome called in a
bacterial cell? (credit)
ANS High energy methane gas
ANS
Plasmid
List two products of fermentation.
What is genetically engineered bacteria?
ANS alcohol and methane gas
ANS bacteria that contain pieces of
chromosomes from a different organism
What can the waste product whey be
changed into? (credit)
ANS high protein cattle feed
List one advantage of using fuels form
fermentation compared to using fossil fuels?
ANS fuels from fermentation are
renewable (unlimited supply)
What form of reproduction do microorganisms use?
ANS asexual reproduction
Micro-organism be grown to produce what
type of useful substances.
ANS micro-organisms can be used as a
protein rich food
Why do we genetically engineer
chromosomes?
ANS So the bacteria make a new substance
that is useful to humans.
When the plasmid chromosome is removed
from the bacteria what has to be added to
it? (credit)
ANS A useful gene like the insulin gene
Why is it better to produce insulin using
genetically engineered bacteria? (credit)
ANS It can be produced quickly and in
large quantities
List two advantages of creating a desired
organism by genetically engineering
compared to selective breeding? (credit)
ANS It is quicker and greater chance of
obtaining desired organism
Name one useful substance produced by
genetic engineering.
What is the function of antibiotics?
ANS Insulin
ANS To prevent the growth of
micro-organisms
Why is there an increasing demand for
insulin produced by genetic engineering?
(credit)
Why do we need a range of antibiotics when
treating bacterial diseases? (credit)
ANS There are more people with
diabetes.
ANS As some bacteria have become
resistant to certain antibiotics
What do biological detergents contain?
List two advantages of using immobilization
techniques in continuous flow techniques.
(credit)
ANS enzymes made by bacteria
List two advantages of using biological
detergents. (credit)
ANS less energy used to heat the water
and it is less harmful to delicate fabrics
What enzyme group do the protein-digesting
enzymes belong to? (credit)
ANS The protease group
What is the function of the enzymes found
in the biological washing powders? (credit)
ANS The enzymes digest the food stain
on the clothes
ANS The jelly beads can be used over again
and also separated easily from the product.
What is meant by immobilization
techniques? (credit)
ANS By adding either enzymes or yeast to
a jelly bead
List one advantage in using continuous flow
processing compared to using the batch
process. (credit)
ANS continuous flow uses immobilization