Download Basics of Digestion Review ?`s

Chapter 3-Basics
of Digestion
Review ?’s
Questions and their Answers developed by Nutrition and the Human Body students, related to hunger,
taste, and digestion (mouthstomach)…some may be repeats of topic…
1. Hunger is also known as satiety. True or False
2. How do aromas affect what you eat? Which types of foods tend to have the more intense
aromas?
3. What hormone stimulates the digestive activities and secretion of HCl?
4. What hormone stimulates the breakdown of glycogen to raise blood glucose as well as the
hypothalamus to signal hunger?
5. The brain seeks pleasure which often influences our choices and cravings for sweets.
True or False
6. Why does it take so long for you to completely digest a full meal? (relate to removing food from
stomach to small intestine)
7. When your blood sugar drops ____________ stimulates the breakdown of glycogen. Name the
hormone.
8. Fatty foods are often preferred because of their rich flavors and textures. True or False
9. What is reflux? Why does it have a “burning” sensation?
10. What is the name of the hormone that stimulates digestion in the stomach?
11. What are the five basic taste categories and their location in the mouth/tongue?
12. What part of the brain signals us that you are hungry and should eat?
13. What types of foods/nutrients exit the stomach first?
14. What one is a category of human taste? a. stinky b. ugly c. cost d. sweet e. none
15. What organ propels food into the stomach? What process accomplishes this task?
16. What region of the tongue recognizes sweet taste?
17. What are the two physical needs that drives and determines how much and how often a person
eats?
18. What is the hypothalamus? How is it related to the topic of digestion?
19. What causes you to be hungry?
20. What term refers to both taste and aroma?
21. Humans share and innate preference for what types of foods?
22. Digestion starts in the mouth. True or False
23. Saliva, released into the mouth by salivary glands, contains water, electrolytes mucus and a few
_________________________.
24. How many taste buds may be found in the mouth, mostly on the tongue?
25. What protects the stomach lining from being damaged by the powerful digestive enzymes and
stomach acid?
26. What stimulates digestive activities and secretion of HCl? a. gastrin b. candy c. glucose d. 42
27. When your blood sugar drops, what hormone stimulates the breakdown of glycogen to raise
blood glucose as well as the hypothalamus to signal hunger?
28. The hypothalamus is stimulated by ________________________ ( a hormone secreted by the
pancreas) to signal the brain that you are “full” of carbohydrates.
Nutrition & the Human Body
Chapter 3-Basics
of Digestion
Review ?’s
Answers:
1.
False 2. The scent molecules are received by olfactory receptors and send messages to the
brain that translate sensations. Fatty foods have the most intense aromas and tastes as they are
not diluted by the water in the saliva. 3. Gastrin 4. Glucagon 5. True 6. The pyloric
sphincter only allows about a teaspoon of chime to enter the small intestine (duodenum) every
30 seconds. 7. Glucagon 8. True 9. Contents of the stomach (w/acids) escapes the stomach
through the lower esophageal sphincter and reaches and irritates the lining of the esophagus.
The HCl (hydrochloric acid) irritates and may erode the lining. 10. Gastrin 11. Sweet-tip, saltyside, sour-side, bitter-back, & savory-all over 12. The hypothalamus 13. Liqids, carbohydrates,
low-fiber, and low-calorie foods 14. D 15. Esophagus, peristalsis 16. The tip 17. Hunger &
thirst 18. Region of the brain that determines sensation 19. The cells lining the stomach and
small intestine perceive emptiness and send a sensory signal to the brain 20. Flavor 21.
Sweet, salty & fat foods 22. True 23. Enzymes 24. 10,000 25. Mucus 26. Gastrin 27.
Glucagon 28. insulin
Nutrition & the Human Body