Download Pearson science 9 Teaching Program 3–4 weeks Chapter 10 Plate

Pearson science 9 Teaching Program
3–4 weeks
Chapter 10
Plate tectonics
Overview
In this chapter, students will learn to recognise the major tectonic plates on a world map. Students will
relate earthquakes and volcanoes to movement at plate boundaries and consider the role of heat energy
and convection in plate movement. They will discuss and evaluate evidence that supports the theory of plate
tectonics and use plate tectonics to explain why Australia is geologically old and stable. Students will
investigate how the theory of plate tectonics developed, how modern technologies are used in mapping
plate movements and understand how living near plate boundaries affects people.
Strand
Content description and elaborations
Science Understanding
EARTH AND SPACE SCIENCES
The theory of plate tectonics explains global patterns of geological activity and continental movement:
 recognising the major plates on a world map
 modelling seafloor spreading
 relating the occurrence of earthquakes and volcanic activity to constructive and destructive plate
boundaries
 considering the role of heat energy and convection currents in the movement of tectonic plates
 relating the extreme age and stability of a large part of the Australian continent to its plate tectonic
history
Science as a Human Endeavour
NATURE AND DEVELOPMENT OF SCIENCE
Scientific understanding, including models and theories, are contestable and are refined over time through a
process of review by the scientific community
 investigating how the theory of plate tectonics developed, based on evidence from seafloor spreading
and occurrence of earthquakes and volcanic activity
Advances in scientific understanding often rely on developments in technology, and technological advances
are often linked to scientific discoveries
 investigating technologies involved in the mapping of continental movement
Copyright © Pearson Australia 2012 (a division of Pearson Australia Group Pty Ltd) 978 1 4425 2361 6
Pearson science 9 Teaching Program
3–4 weeks
Chapter 10
Plate tectonics
USE AND INFLENCE OF SCIENCE
People can use scientific knowledge to evaluate whether they should accept claims, explanations or
predictions
 describing how science is used in the media to explain a natural event or justify actions
The values and needs of contemporary society can influence the focus of scientific research
 investigating contemporary science issues related to living in a Pacific country located near plate
boundaries, e.g. Japan, Indonesia, New Zealand
Science Inquiry Skills
QUESTIONING AND PREDICTING
Formulate questions or hypotheses that can be investigated scientifically
 using Internet research to identify problems that can be investigated
 evaluating information from secondary sources as part of the research process
 developing ideas from students’ own or others' investigations and experiences to investigate further
PLANNING AND CONDUCTING
Plan, select and use appropriate investigation methods, including field work and laboratory
experimentation, to collect reliable data; assess risk and address ethical issues associated with these
methods
 combining research using primary and secondary sources with students’ own experimental
investigation
 using modelling and simulations, including the use of digital technology to investigate situations and
events
Select and use appropriate equipment, including digital technologies, to systematically and accurately
collect and record data
 explaining the choice of variables to be controlled, changed and measured in an investigation
 learning specific skills for the use of scientific instruments
 considering the potential hazards of chemicals or biological materials used in experimental
investigations
 describing specific safety precautions required for investigations
Copyright © Pearson Australia 2012 (a division of Pearson Australia Group Pty Ltd) 978 1 4425 2361 6
Pearson science 9 Teaching Program
3–4 weeks
Chapter 10
Plate tectonics
PROCESSING INFORMATION
Analyse patterns and trends in data, including the description of relationships between variables and the
identification of inconsistencies
 designing and constructing appropriate graphs to represent data and analysing graphs for trends and
patterns
 calculating means and ranges from data and considering the distribution of sets of quantitative data
 using spreadsheets to present data in tables and graphical forms and to carry out mathematical
analyses on data
Use knowledge of scientific concepts to draw conclusions that are consistent with evidence
 comparing conclusions with earlier predictions and reviewing scientific understanding where
appropriate
 suggesting more than one possible explanation of the data presented
EVALUATING
Evaluate conclusions, including identifying sources of uncertainty and possible alternative explanations,
and describe specific ways to improve the quality of the data
 distinguishing between random and systematic errors and how these can affect investigation results
Critically analyse the validity of information in secondary sources and evaluate the approaches used to
solve problems
 explaining why suggested changes will improve the accuracy of investigations
 researching the methods used by scientists in studies reported in the media
 describing how scientific arguments are used to make decisions regarding personal and community
issues
Copyright © Pearson Australia 2012 (a division of Pearson Australia Group Pty Ltd) 978 1 4425 2361 6
Pearson science 9 Teaching Program
3–4 weeks
Chapter 10
Plate tectonics
COMMUNICATING
Communicate scientific ideas and information for a particular purpose, including the construction of
evidence-based arguments and the use of appropriate scientific language, conventions and representations
 presenting results and ideas using formal experimental reports, oral presentations, slide shows, poster
presentations and contributing to group discussions
 using secondary sources as well as students’ own findings to help explain a scientific concept
 using the Internet to facilitate collaboration in joint projects and discussions
Copyright © Pearson Australia 2012 (a division of Pearson Australia Group Pty Ltd) 978 1 4425 2361 6
Pearson science 9 Teaching Program
3–4 weeks
Chapter 10
Plate tectonics
Unit 10.1 Moving continents
Strand
Content description and elaborations
Suggested teaching and learning strategies
Pearson science 9
resources
Science
Understanding
EARTH AND SPACE SCIENCES
The theory of plate tectonics explains
global patterns of geological activity
and continental movement
 modelling seafloor spreading
 considering the role of heat
energy and convection currents in
the movement of tectonic plates
Video – Diving toward divergence
Pearson Reader
Continental drift
Introduce continental drift.
SB: p316
Seafloor spreading
Explain the seafloor spreading using plate
tectonics.
SB: p317
Magnetic striping
Patterns in rocks from magnetic changes can be
observed using magnetic striping. Explain how
this works.
SB: p318
science4fun – Making a compass
SB: p318
science4fun
Support for Hess’s theory
Explain Hess’s theory for sea floor spreading
 age of the sea floor
 sediment thickness
SB: p319
How plates move
Discuss the history and debates still occurring in
explaining how the plates move.
SB: p319
Rifting and continental drift
Use the Teacher Companion extension activities
to investigate how continental drift works.
SB: p320
Activity Book 10.1 – Rebuilding Gondwana
AB: 10.1
Copyright © Pearson Australia 2012 (a division of Pearson Australia Group Pty Ltd) 978 1 4425 2361 6
Register
Pearson science 9 Teaching Program
3–4 weeks
Chapter 10
Plate tectonics
Science as a
Human
Endeavour
Science Inquiry
Skills
NATURE AND DEVELOPMENT
OF SCIENCE
Scientific understanding, including
models and theories, are contestable and
are refined over time through a process
of review by the scientific community
 investigating how the theory of
plate tectonics developed, based
on evidence from seafloor
spreading and occurrence of
earthquakes and volcanic activity
Activity Book 10.2 – Magnetic evidence
AB: 10.2
Prac 1 – Magnetic striping
SB: p322 Prac 1
Prac 2 – Convection
Inquiring questions 1–3
SB: p323 Prac 2
SB: p321 Inquiring
unit review
Prac 1 – Magnetic striping
SB: p322 Prac 1
Activity Book 10.1 – Rebuilding Gondwana
AB: 10.1
Activity Book 10.2 – Magnetic evidence
AB: 10.2
QUESTIONING AND PREDICTING
Formulate questions or hypotheses that
can be investigated scientifically
 evaluating information from
Activity Book 10.1 – Rebuilding Gondwana
secondary sources as part of the
research process
AB: 10.1
SB: p323 Prac 2
PLANNING AND CONDUCTING
Plan, select and use appropriate
investigation methods, including field
work and laboratory experimentation, to
collect reliable data; assess risk and
address ethical issues associated with
these methods
Prac 2 – Convection
Copyright © Pearson Australia 2012 (a division of Pearson Australia Group Pty Ltd) 978 1 4425 2361 6
Pearson science 9 Teaching Program
3–4 weeks
Chapter 10
Plate tectonics
 combining research using primary
and secondary sources with
students’ own experimental
investigation
 using modelling and simulations,
including the use of digital
technology to investigate
situations and events
PROCESSING INFORMATION
Analyse patterns and trends in data,
including describing relationships
between variables and identifying
inconsistencies.
Use knowledge of scientific concepts to
draw conclusions that are consistent
with evidence
 comparing conclusions with
earlier predictions and reviewing
scientific understanding where
appropriate
Prac 1 – Magnetic striping
SB: p322 Prac 1
Prac 2 – Convection
SB: p323 Prac 2
Activity Book 10.1 – Rebuilding Gondwana
AB: 10.1
Prac 2 – Convection
SB: p323 Prac 2
Activity Book 10.2 – Magnetic evidence
AB: 10.2
Activity Book 10.1 – Rebuilding Gondwana
AB: 10.1
EVALUATING
Critically analyse the validity of
information in secondary sources and
evaluate the approaches used to solve
problems
Activity Book 10.1 – Rebuilding Gondwana
 researching the methods used by
scientists in studies reported in the
media
Copyright © Pearson Australia 2012 (a division of Pearson Australia Group Pty Ltd) 978 1 4425 2361 6
AB: 10.1
Pearson science 9 Teaching Program
3–4 weeks
Chapter 10
Plate tectonics
COMMUNICATING
Communicate scientific ideas and
information for a particular purpose,
including the construction of evidencebased arguments and the use of
appropriate scientific language,
conventions and representations
 using secondary sources as well as Activity Book 10.1 – Rebuilding Gondwana
students’ own findings to help
explain a scientific concept
Unit assessment
AB: 10.1
Complete selected unit review questions
SB: p321 Unit
review
Research portfolio
SB: p321 Inquiring
Q1–3
Copyright © Pearson Australia 2012 (a division of Pearson Australia Group Pty Ltd) 978 1 4425 2361 6
Pearson science 9 Teaching Program
3–4 weeks
Chapter 10
Plate tectonics
Unit 10.2 Plate movements
Strand
Content description and elaborations
Suggested teaching and learning strategies
Pearson science 9
resources
Science
Understanding
EARTH AND SPACE SCIENCES
The theory of plate tectonics explains
global patterns of geological activity
and continental movement:
 recognising the major plates on a
world map
 modelling seafloor spreading
 relating the extreme age and
stability of a large part of the
Australian continent to its plate
tectonic history.
Interactive Lesson – Tectonic plates
Interactive Activities –
Tectonic plates
Plate boundaries
Pearson Reader
Types of crust
Discuss the oceanic and continental crusts.
SB: p324
Where are the plates?
Discuss the size of the tectonic plates.
SB: p325
Types of plate movement
Introduce the three forms of plate movement:
diverging, converging and transform. Use the
images to explain each form of boundary.
SB: p325
Pangaea break–up
Use the figures to describe the process of
Pangaea break up.
SB: p328
science4fun – Plates and currents
SB: p329
science4fun
Copyright © Pearson Australia 2012 (a division of Pearson Australia Group Pty Ltd) 978 1 4425 2361 6
Register
Pearson science 9 Teaching Program
3–4 weeks
Chapter 10
Plate tectonics
Australia breaks from Antarctica
Based on the current understanding of the way
the plates moved and the land masses formed,
Australia was originally closer to Antarctica.
SB: p328
Discuss how this has changed including
looking at:
 current and tectonic plates
 flora and fauna
Science as a
Human
Endeavour
NATURE AND DEVELOPMENT
OF SCIENCE
Scientific understanding, including
models and theories, are contestable and
are refined over time through a process
of review by the scientific community
 investigating how the theory of
plate tectonics developed, based
on evidence from seafloor
spreading and occurrence of
earthquakes and volcanic activity
Activity Book 10.3 – Tectonics, flora and
fauna
AB: 10.3
Prac 1 – Paper plate tectonics
SB: p332 Prac 1
Prac 2 – Types of crust
SB: p332 Prac 2
Measuring the speed of tectonic plates
Explain how a Global Positioning System can
be used to measure the speed of tectonic plates.
Use the teacher companion activities for
students to investigate further.
SB: p330 SHE
Teacher
Companion
Activity Book 10.4 – Measuring the speed of
tectonic plates
AB: 10.4
Inquiring questions 1–6
SB: p331 Inquiring
unit review
Copyright © Pearson Australia 2012 (a division of Pearson Australia Group Pty Ltd) 978 1 4425 2361 6
Pearson science 9 Teaching Program
3–4 weeks
Chapter 10
Plate tectonics
Science Inquiry
Skills
QUESTIONING AND PREDICTING
Formulate questions or hypotheses that Prac 2 – Types of crust
can be investigated scientifically
 evaluating information from
secondary sources as part of the
research process
 developing ideas from students’
own or others’ investigations and
experiences to investigate further
PLANNING AND CONDUCTING
Plan, select and use appropriate
investigation methods, including field
work and laboratory experimentation, to
collect reliable data; assess risk and
address ethical issues associated with
these methods
 combining research using primary
and secondary sources with
students’ own experimental
investigation
 using modelling and simulations,
including the use of digital
technology to investigate
situations and events
Select and use appropriate equipment,
including digital technologies, to
systematically and accurately collect
and record data
 learning specific skills for the use
of scientific instruments
SB: p332 Prac 2
Prac 2 – Types of crust
SB: p332 Prac 2
Prac 1 – Paper plate tectonics
SB: p332 Prac 1
Copyright © Pearson Australia 2012 (a division of Pearson Australia Group Pty Ltd) 978 1 4425 2361 6
Pearson science 9 Teaching Program
3–4 weeks
Chapter 10
Plate tectonics
PROCESSING INFORMATION
Analyse patterns and trends in data,
including describing relationships
between variables and identifying
inconsistencies
 calculating means and ranges
from data and considering the
distribution of sets of quantitative
data
Use knowledge of scientific concepts to
draw conclusions that are consistent
with evidence
 comparing conclusions with
earlier predictions and reviewing
scientific understanding where
appropriate
Prac 2 – Types of crust
Copyright © Pearson Australia 2012 (a division of Pearson Australia Group Pty Ltd) 978 1 4425 2361 6
SB: p332 Prac 2
Pearson science 9 Teaching Program
3–4 weeks
Chapter 10
Plate tectonics
COMMUNICATING
Communicate scientific ideas and
information for a particular purpose,
including the construction of evidencebased arguments and the use of
appropriate scientific language,
conventions and representations
 presenting results and ideas using
formal experimental reports, oral
Prac 2 – Types of crust
presentations, slide shows, poster
presentations and contributing to
group discussions
 using secondary sources as well as
students’ own findings to help
explain a scientific concept
Unit assessment
SB: p332 Prac 2
Complete selected unit review questions
SB: p331 Unit
review
Research portfolio
SB: p331 Inquiring
Q1–6 (do 3)
Copyright © Pearson Australia 2012 (a division of Pearson Australia Group Pty Ltd) 978 1 4425 2361 6
Pearson science 9 Teaching Program
3–4 weeks
Chapter 10
Plate tectonics
Unit 10.3 Volcanoes and earthquakes
Strand
Content description and elaborations
Suggested teaching and learning strategies
Pearson science 9
resources
Science
Understanding
EARTH AND SPACE SCIENCES
The theory of plate tectonics explains
global patterns of geological activity
and continental movement
 relating the occurrence of
earthquakes and volcanic activity
to constructive and destructive
plate boundaries
 considering the role of heat
energy and convection currents in
the movement of tectonic plates
 relating the extreme age and
stability of a large part of the
Australian continent to its plate
tectonic history
Interactive Lesson – Tectonic movements,
earthquakes and volcanoes
Interactive Activities –
Tectonic movements, earthquakes and
volcanoes
Erupting volcanoes
Videos –
Why quakes shake
Why some volcanoes explode
Pearson Reader
Volcanic eruptions
Discuss the material ejected from volcanoes
and the different types of magma, lava and
pyroclastic flow. Relate explosive eruptions to
the nature of the magma.
SB: p333
Where do volcanoes form?
Relate the placement of volcanoes to the plate
tectonics. Show how there are:
 volcanoes at the edges
 explosive eruptions
 hot spot volcanoes.
What causes an earthquake?
Explain how an earthquake occurs and discuss
how this is related to either a major plate
boundary or a fault within a boundary.
Copyright © Pearson Australia 2012 (a division of Pearson Australia Group Pty Ltd) 978 1 4425 2361 6
SB: p334
SB: p336
Register
Pearson science 9 Teaching Program
3–4 weeks
Chapter 10
Plate tectonics
Detecting earthquakes
Seismic waves come from earthquakes and
travel through the ground. Explain these types
of waves and how they are measured.
SB: p336
Prac 1 – Model volcanoes
SB: p341 Prac 1
Prac 2 – Seismometers
SB: p341 Prac 2
Where earthquakes occur
Relate the placement of earthquakes to the
plate tectonics. Explain the difference between
the epicentres and foci. Investigate how
building design is considered in high risk areas
to reduce issues from earthquakes.
SB: p337
Teacher
Companion
Effects of earthquakes
Discuss recent earthquake effects in the news.
Use Teacher Companion activities to
investigate and learn more about earthquakes
and tsunamis.
SB: p338
Activity Book 10.5 – Tsunami!
AB: 10.5
Activity Book 10.6 – Structure of the Earth
AB: 10.6
Prac 3 – Earthquakes and buildings
SB: p342 Prac 3
Copyright © Pearson Australia 2012 (a division of Pearson Australia Group Pty Ltd) 978 1 4425 2361 6
Pearson science 9 Teaching Program
3–4 weeks
Chapter 10
Plate tectonics
Science as a
Human
Endeavour
NATURE AND DEVELOPMENT
OF SCIENCE
Scientific understanding, including
models and theories, are contestable and
are refined over time through a process
of review by the scientific community
 investigating how the theory of
plate tectonics developed, based
on evidence from seafloor
spreading and occurrence of
earthquakes and volcanic activity
USE AND INFLUENCE OF
SCIENCE
The values and needs of contemporary
society can influence the focus of
scientific research
 investigating contemporary
science issues related to living in
a Pacific country located near
plate boundaries, e.g. Japan,
Indonesia, New Zealand
Science Inquiry
Skills
Structure of the Earth
Scientists have researched and investigated the
structure of the Earth using
 seismic waves
 mineralogy
 knowledge of the crust
SB: p339 SHE
Discuss what these things tell us about the
structure and how science can use the
information to further the understanding.
Extension activities in the Teacher Companion.
Teacher
Companion
Activity Book 10.6 – Structure of the Earth
AB: 10.6
Activity Book 10.5 – Tsunami!
AB: 10.5
Inquiring question 5
SB: p340 Inquiring
unit review
Prac 3 – Earthquakes and buildings
SB: p342 Prac 3
QUESTIONING AND PREDICTING
Formulate questions or hypotheses that Prac 3 – Earthquakes and buildings
can be investigated scientifically
 using Internet research to identify
problems that can be investigated
 evaluating information from
secondary sources as part of the
Copyright © Pearson Australia 2012 (a division of Pearson Australia Group Pty Ltd) 978 1 4425 2361 6
SB: p342 Prac 3
Pearson science 9 Teaching Program
3–4 weeks
Chapter 10
Plate tectonics
research process
 developing ideas from students’
own or others’ investigations and
experiences to investigate further
PLANNING AND CONDUCTING
Plan, select and use appropriate
investigation methods, including field
work and laboratory experimentation, to
collect reliable data; assess risk and
address ethical issues associated with
these methods
 combining research using primary
and secondary sources with
students’ own experimental
investigation
 using modelling and simulations,
including using digital technology
to investigate situations and
events
Select and use appropriate equipment,
including digital technologies, to
systematically and accurately collect
and record data
 explaining the choice of variables
to be controlled, changed and
measured in an investigation
 describing specific safety
precautions required for
investigations
Prac 2 – Seismometers
SB: p341 Prac 2
Prac 3 – Earthquakes and buildings
SB: p342 Prac 3
Prac 2 – Seismometers
SB: p341 Prac 2
Prac 3 – Earthquakes and buildings
SB: p342 Prac 3
Prac 3 – Earthquakes and buildings
SB: p342 Prac 3
Prac 2 – Seismometers
SB: p341 Prac 2
Prac 2 – Seismometers
SB: p341 Prac 2
Prac 3 – Earthquakes and buildings
SB: p342 Prac 3
Prac 3 – Earthquakes and buildings
SB: p342 Prac 3
Copyright © Pearson Australia 2012 (a division of Pearson Australia Group Pty Ltd) 978 1 4425 2361 6
Pearson science 9 Teaching Program
3–4 weeks
Chapter 10
Plate tectonics
PROCESSING INFORMATION
Analyse patterns and trends in data,
including the description of
relationships between variables and
identification of inconsistencies
 designing and constructing
appropriate graphs to represent
data and analysing graphs for
trends and patterns
Use knowledge of scientific concepts to
draw conclusions that are consistent
with evidence
 comparing conclusions with
earlier predictions and reviewing
scientific understanding where
appropriate
 suggesting more than one possible
explanation of the data presented
Prac 2 – Seismometers
SB: p341 Prac 2
Prac 3 – Earthquakes and buildings
SB: p342 Prac 3
Prac 3 – Earthquakes and buildings
SB: p342 Prac 3
Prac 3 – Earthquakes and buildings
SB: p342 Prac 3
Copyright © Pearson Australia 2012 (a division of Pearson Australia Group Pty Ltd) 978 1 4425 2361 6
Pearson science 9 Teaching Program
3–4 weeks
Chapter 10
Plate tectonics
EVALUATING
Evaluate conclusions, including the
identification of sources of uncertainty
and possible alternative explanations,
and description of specific ways to
improve the quality of the data
 distinguishing between random
and systematic errors and how
Prac 3 – Earthquakes and buildings
these can affect investigation
results
Critically analyse the validity of
information in secondary sources and
evaluate the approaches used to solve
problems
 explaining why suggested changes
will improve the accuracy of
investigations
 researching the methods used by
scientists in studies reported in the
media
 describing how scientific
arguments are used to make
decisions regarding personal and
community issues
Copyright © Pearson Australia 2012 (a division of Pearson Australia Group Pty Ltd) 978 1 4425 2361 6
SB: p342 Prac 3
Pearson science 9 Teaching Program
3–4 weeks
Chapter 10
Plate tectonics
COMMUNICATING
Communicate scientific ideas and
information for a particular purpose,
including the construction of evidencebased arguments and the use of
appropriate scientific language,
conventions and representations
 presenting results and ideas using
formal experimental reports, oral
presentations, slide shows, poster
presentations and contributing to
group discussions
 using secondary sources as well as
students’ own findings to help
explain a scientific concept
Unit assessment
Complete selected unit review questions
SB: p340 Unit
review
Research portfolio
SB: p340 Inquiring
Q1–5 (do 3)
Copyright © Pearson Australia 2012 (a division of Pearson Australia Group Pty Ltd) 978 1 4425 2361 6
Pearson science 9 Teaching Program
3–4 weeks
Chapter 10
Plate tectonics
Chapter Review
Suggested teaching and learning strategies
Pearson science 9 resources
Complete the Chapter review questions at the end of the chapter
SB: p343 Chapter review
Complete the Thinking scientifically questions at the end of the chapter
SB: p344 Thinking scientifically
Reteach and relearn
Teacher Companion
Quick quiz (revision)
Teacher Companion
Interactive quiz
Pearson Reader
Activity Book 10.7 – Literacy review
AB: 10.7
Review glossary of terms introduced in the chapter
SB: p345 Glossary
Chapter Test
Pearson Reader
Copyright © Pearson Australia 2012 (a division of Pearson Australia Group Pty Ltd) 978 1 4425 2361 6
Register
Pearson science 9 Teaching Program
3–4 weeks
Chapter 10
Plate tectonics
Program review and evaluation
Topic
Modifications required in program
Additional practicals and skill development
Assessment for learning strategies
Projects undertaken
Websites
Copyright © Pearson Australia 2012 (a division of Pearson Australia Group Pty Ltd) 978 1 4425 2361 6