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CAMPBELL BIOLOGY IN FOCUS
Urry • Cain • Wasserman • Minorsky • Jackson • Reece
34
Circulation and
Gas Exchange
Questions prepared by
Fleur Ferro, Community College of Denver
Ruth Buskirk, University of Texas at Austin
John Lepri, University of North Carolina, Greensboro
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
The fluid that moves around in the circulatory
system of a typical arthropod is the
A. intracellular fluid.
B. interstitial fluid.
C. blood plasma.
D. digestive juices.
E. cytosol.
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
The fluid that moves around in the circulatory
system of a typical arthropod is the
A. intracellular fluid.
B. interstitial fluid.
C. blood plasma.
D. digestive juices.
E. cytosol.
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
An adaptive advantage of having a three-chambered heart,
as found in amphibians, over the two-chambered heart of
fish is that
A. there are capillary beds in both the respiratory organ and
body systems of amphibians but not fish.
B. the additional chamber in the amphibian heart reduces
blood flow to the respiratory organ.
C. fully oxygenated blood returning to the amphibian
heart can undergo additional pumping to reach
higher pressures.
D. fully oxygenated blood is kept completely separate from
relatively deoxygenated blood in the heart.
E. amphibians can tolerate higher environmental pressures.
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
An adaptive advantage of having a three-chambered heart,
as found in amphibians, over the two-chambered heart of
fish is that
A. there are capillary beds in both the respiratory organ and
body systems of amphibians but not fish.
B. the additional chamber in the amphibian heart reduces
blood flow to the respiratory organ.
C. fully oxygenated blood returning to the amphibian
heart can undergo additional pumping to reach
higher pressures.
D. fully oxygenated blood is kept completely separate from
relatively deoxygenated blood in the heart.
E. amphibians can tolerate higher environmental pressures.
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
The normal contraction of specialized atrial cells results
from the activity of the _______, and the simultaneous
contraction of the left and right atria is due to the _______.
A. autorhythmic pacemaker cells; autorhythmic
pacemaker cells
B. gap junctions; gap junctions
C. autonomic nervous system; somatic nervous system
D. autorhythmic pacemaker cells; gap junctions
E. gap junctions; autorhythmic pacemaker cells
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
The normal contraction of specialized atrial cells results
from the activity of the _______, and the simultaneous
contraction of the left and right atria is due to the _______.
A. autorhythmic pacemaker cells; autorhythmic
pacemaker cells
B. gap junctions; gap junctions
C. autonomic nervous system; somatic nervous system
D. autorhythmic pacemaker cells; gap junctions
E. gap junctions; autorhythmic pacemaker cells
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
As in Edgar Allan Poe’s short story “The Tell-Tale
Heart,” a heart can continue to beat after it is
removed from the body, because
A. pacemaker cells contract without input.
B. nerves in the heart fire without input.
C. hormones controlling heartbeat are released
spontaneously.
D. powerful ventricular contractions induce rebound
contractions.
E. pulsing of blood in the heart maintains the
heartbeat.
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
As in Edgar Allan Poe’s short story “The Tell-Tale
Heart,” a heart can continue to beat after it is
removed from the body, because
A. pacemaker cells contract without input.
B. nerves in the heart fire without input.
C. hormones controlling heartbeat are released
spontaneously.
D. powerful ventricular contractions induce rebound
contractions.
E. pulsing of blood in the heart maintains the
heartbeat.
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Fluid is filtered from blood as it enters a capillary due to the
________, but fluid is reabsorbed as the blood exits a
capillary due to the ________.
A. hydrostatic pressure from smooth muscle; cooler
temperatures in venous blood
B. osmotic pressure from high levels of sodium in
plasma but not extracellular fluid; osmotic pressure from
reversed levels of sodium in extracellular fluid but not
plasma
C. hydrostatic pressure from the heart; osmotic
pressure from proteins in the plasma
D. osmotic pressure from salts; hydrostatic pressure
from the veins
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Fluid is filtered from blood as it enters a capillary due to the
________, but fluid is reabsorbed as the blood exits a
capillary due to the ________.
A. hydrostatic pressure from smooth muscle; cooler
temperatures in venous blood
B. osmotic pressure from high levels of sodium in
plasma but not extracellular fluid; osmotic pressure from
reversed levels of sodium in extracellular fluid but not
plasma
C. hydrostatic pressure from the heart; osmotic
pressure from proteins in the plasma
D. osmotic pressure from salts; hydrostatic pressure
from the veins
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Concurrent flow is not as efficient in exchange as
countercurrent flow because the latter provides
A. more diffusion at the beginning of capillary flow than
midway through the capillary.
B. more diffusion at the end of capillary flow than
midway through the capillary.
C. adequate diffusion of gases across weaker
concentration gradients.
D. thinner capillary walls to promote diffusion.
E. greater surface area for diffusion.
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Concurrent flow is not as efficient in exchange as
countercurrent flow because the latter provides
A. more diffusion at the beginning of capillary flow than
midway through the capillary.
B. more diffusion at the end of capillary flow than
midway through the capillary.
C. adequate diffusion of gases across weaker
concentration gradients.
D. thinner capillary walls to promote diffusion.
E. greater surface area for diffusion.
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
After blood enters the right atrium, it enters the
A. right ventricle.
B. left atrium.
C. left ventricle.
D. aorta.
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
After blood enters the right atrium, it enters the
A. right ventricle.
B. left atrium.
C. left ventricle.
D. aorta.
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
When a girl goes running, her face begins to flush.
Which of the following is most likely responsible
for this?
A. systolic pressure
B. diastolic pressure
C. vasoconstriction
D. vasodilation
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
When a girl goes running, her face begins to flush.
Which of the following is most likely responsible
for this?
A. systolic pressure
B. diastolic pressure
C. vasoconstriction
D. vasodilation
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which of the following have valves within them to
prevent blood backflow?
A. arteries
B. veins
C. capillaries
D. arterioles
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which of the following have valves within them to
prevent blood backflow?
A. arteries
B. veins
C. capillaries
D. arterioles
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which of the following organisms breathe through
spiracles?
A. segmented worms
B. bony fish
C. insects
D. birds
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which of the following organisms breathe through
spiracles?
A. segmented worms
B. bony fish
C. insects
D. birds
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.