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Mesopotamia 3500 BC - 1700 BC Section * * * * 1: The Rise of Sumer physical features = __________, ___________, & _________________ called ______________________ lived in _____________________ earliest civilization known on Earth - began to control ___________________________ - rivers ___________ each spring - __________ (known as _____________________) remained behind - built the levees to keep back ________________ - summer they used the levees ____________________________________ - water holes made channels for ________________ - channels became __________ in which they used to ____________________ - chief crop = ______________ - also grew wheat, sesame, flax, fruit trees, date palms, and vegetables * as the Sumerians became more organized as they set up a ________________. * other materials for their houses = _____________________________________. - greatest city of Sumer = ________ - first city builders City - States * considered a ______________________ - had its own god & ___________________________ - city state = _______________________________________________ - city = surrounded by a brick wall with __________ gates * streets = ______________ & ____________ - center = houses of ________________, _____________, & ___________ - Upper Class Houses = * 2 stories, * courtyards around living quarters * outside walls were windowless to keep out _______________________ - Middle Class Houses = (gov officials, shop keepers) * artisans = _____________________________ * built around ________________________________________ - Lower Class Houses = ( farmers , _____________, fishers) * often city states would go to war with other ____________ Religious and Family Life * ziggurat = _______________________________________ - means: 1) _________________________ or 2) _____________________ - made of a series of squares. - top of ziggurat = ______________________ - only ___________ could enter the home of a god * center of Sumerian life = __________________________________ - __________ worked there - __________ went to school - ___________, _________, & ________, stored there goods - _____________ fed - all great events * believed that all forces of nature were _____________ - viewed them as _________ - __________ gods * male and female ___________ - male gods needed ______________________________ - made humans out from the ______ of the __________ - humans only on earth to _________ the gods * Priests - priests could know the _____ of the gods - very ____________ - controlled and _____________________________________________ - ran ____________ * Schools - boys of the _________ - poorer boys learned a ________________ (by working in the fields) - main purpose = ____________________________ - cuneiform = ______________________________ - writing developed due to businesses - 1st used __________ to represent objects - later used ___________ to represent _______________ - graduation from school - became a ______________ or ___________________ - women - had _______ - could buy & sell property, run businesses , & own/sell slaves - husband - head of __________ - could sell or rent his _________ & _________ for up to 3 yrs. - ________________the marriages of his children Priests and Kings * Gilgamesh = ______________________________________________ - Oldest story known * priest kings received advice from _____________________________________ - war broke out with another city state the ________ would choose one member to _____________________________ * kinship became ______________, or __________________________________ Section 1 Assessment 1) Define a) city state _____________________________________________________ b) artisans ______________________________________________________ c) ziggurat ______________________________________________________ d) cuneiform _____________________________________________________ e) scribe ________________________________________________________ f) priest kings ____________________________________________________ 2) How did the Sumerians gain control of the twin rivers ? __________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ 3) What was the center of Sumerian life ? ____________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ 4) How would you compare the lives of women in the time of Sumer to the lives of women in the modern world ? _______________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ 5) Using the diagram, show accomplishments of the Sumarians. ACCOMPLISHMENTS Section 2: Later Mesopotamian Empires Sargon I * ruler in ________________ - moved his _________ south and began conquering ___________________ - became known as ______________________ - created the first ___________, or _______________________________ - ___________ became the language of the people - still used cuneiform Hammurabi of Babylon * ___________ (new group of people) built the city _______________ - _______________, King of Babylon conquered Akkad and ___________ - culture = _______________________________________________ - King Hammurabi brought _____________________________________ - improved ___________________________________________ - changed ________________ - reorganized the _______________________________________ - reform = ________________________________ = code of _________ - each city state had its own code - appointed __________________ - person believed _____________ until proven _____________ - Trade - became a _______________ center - surplus = _________________________ - traded as far away as ___________ & _________________ - reign = _____________________________________________ - ruled for over 40 yrs. - known as _____________________________________ Section 2 Assessment 1) Define a) empire ____________________________________________________ b) culture ___________________________________________________ c) reform ___________________________________________________ d) reign ____________________________________________________ 2) What happened to Sumer under Sargon I’s rule ? _______________________________ __________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ 3) How did Hammurabi come to power ? _______________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ 4) What do you think Hammurabi would say about the court system in the United States today ? ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ 5) Use the boxes to show key events in the life of Hammurabi.
