Download The Skeletal System - Fairfield Careeer Center Exercise Science 1

A
major goal of exercise
training is improve
cardiovascular and
musculoskeletal fitness.
Physiological
adaptation of muscle
to exercise training is evidenced by
improvements in:
Muscle
Strength
Muscle Endurance
Flexibility
Resistance to Injury
 Why
is it important for a personal
trainer to have a thorough
understanding of the principles of
body alignment and kinesiology
principles?
 So that the personal trainer can
design safe, effective and efficient
exercise training programs to
improve musculoskeletal fitness.
 Two
disciplines primarily involved in
describing human movement:
 Biomechanics:
study of mechanical
laws related to motions
 Kinesiology:
Study of motion
 Kinesiology
studies:
 Gait
 Body
Alignment
 Posture
 Ergonomics and Work
 Sports and Exercise Movements
 Activities of Daily Living
 Routine
activities that people tend
to do everyday without needing
assistance
 Eating
 Dressing
 Bathing
 Toileting
 Walking
 Continence
 Body
is erect with
feet together and
the upper limbs
positioned at the
sides, palms of the
hands forward,
thumbs facing
away from the
body and fingers
extended
 Sagittal:
Divides the body into right
and left halves
 Frontal:
Divides the body into anterior and
posterior parts
 Transverse:
Divides the body into superior
and inferior parts
 Sagittal:
Any motion that occurs going
forward, bicep curl, walking lunge
 Frontal:
Any movement that occurs on the
side, lateral hops, hip abduction, jumping
jacks, also includes overhead presses
 Transverse:
Any rotational movements that
involve twisting and turning – swinging a bat
or throwing a ball
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QTRIrEh
atRI
Leg Extension
Lateral Raise
Bicycle Crunch
An
objects Center of Gravity is
the theoretical point where the
weight force of the object can
be considered to act. It changes
with movement and depends on
body position.
The
line of gravity is an
imaginary vertical line passing
through the center of gravity
and is typically assessed while
the subject is standing. The
line of gravity helps define
proper body alignment and
posture.
Rounded
shoulders
Kyphosis
Lordosis
Forward
Head Posture
Pelvic Tilt
Muscular imbalances
 An
older adult stands with
the feet far apart and toes
turned outward
 The
individual is creating a
larger, wider base of support
(within which the line of
gravity falls) in order to
improve stability and balance
A
client performs
resistance training
with dumbbells
 The
line of gravity
must act in direct
opposition to the
line of movement if
the exercise is
going to safely and
effectively target
the working
muscles
 An
athlete runs during a
cardiovascular workout
 The
line of gravity shifts
beyond the base of
support during running
and the individual moves
to reestablish a new
base of support with
each step
Leg Extension Saggittal
Lateral Raise Frontal
Bicycle Crunch Transverse