Download Biology Unit 2 Exam Study Guide

Biology Bio-Molecules Exam Study Guide
This review does not contain the questions on the test. This review contains the information you should understand in order to apply your
knowledge to the up-coming test questions. This knowledge should have been obtained from the activities, labs, lessons, and formative
assessments from this unit of study. If you are having trouble understanding any of this information, it is your responsibility to attend tutoring or
meet with your biology teacher and ask for assistance.
1. What is an organic molecule?
2. What are atoms?
3. What are valence electrons?
4. What are ions?
5. What is the difference between an atom and an ion?
6. Explain a covalent bond.
7. Explain an ionic bond.
8. Explain a hydrogen bond.
9. What are the three subatomic particles and what is the charge of each one?
10. What is an isotope and how are they formed?
11. Identify a biological process to which ions, or a set of ions, are essential, and explain the role or function of ions in that
biological process. ( sodium/potassium pump pg. 182 in your book)
12. Explain the pH scale below.
(Also label on the pH scale where you would find ‘very acidic’, ‘very basic/alkaline’, and ‘neutral’)
13. What is the difference between an acid and a base?
14. Bases contain more:
a. Hydroxide ions
b. Hydronium ions
15. Acids contain more:
a. Hydroxide ions
b. Hydronium ions
16. Draw and label a single water molecule.
17. Explain why a water molecule is ‘polar’.
18. For each Bio-molecule below, give the monomer/subunit: (What is it made of)
a. -carbohydrates:
b. -proteins:
c. -lipids:
19. Name the Bio-Molecule associated with each item below:
a. -hydrophobic (repels water):
b. -made entirely of sugar molecules:
c. -polypeptide:
20. 8. Explain the difference between the two chemical reactions below and the parts (reactants/products):
21. Using the picture to the right, explain how an enzyme works.
(Define ‘substrate’ and ‘active site’ in this explanation.)
22. What does an enzyme do to the activation energy in a reaction?
23. What makes the different enzymes in living things ‘molecule specific’?
24. What are the main functions of proteins?
25. What element do amino acids contain that carbs and lipids do not?
26. What is ATP and how is it made?