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Name: Class: Date: # ___ Notes – Prokaryotes (Ch 20.2) What shocking discovery was made after the invention of the microscope? Classifying Prokaryotes: When there were only five kingdoms, all bacteria were classified in the Kingdom . Now, they are divided into Domain ) and Domain (Kingdom (Kingdom ). Complete the chart to compare and contrast the two groups of prokaryotes. Bacteria Archaea Cell wall present? Does not have peptidoglycan (sugar-amino acid polymer) Cell wall composition Nucleus present? Membrane lipids? Yes Yes, but similar to lipids of eukaryotes Habitat Other information that you think is useful. Structure and Function Prokaryotic Shapes. Circle the bacilli. Draw a square around the cocci. Draw a triangle around the spirilla. www.merckmanuals.com What is structure A? What is structure B? Size and Scale. Look at the diagram below to understand the scale of bacteria (and viruses). http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/begin/cells/scale/ Nutrition and Metabolism: Note the differences between the two charts on pp. 582 and 583. Which types of prokaryotes would you expect to find living inside your intestines? Explain your answer. If you got a deep cut on your finger, which types of prokaryotes would you expect to live (and infect) the wound? Explain your answer. Growth, Reproduction, and Recombination Sexual or asexual? Method of (Any new genetic Reproduction material?) Sketch/Description Other Notes How is this similar to mitosis? B How is it different? F How is this related to lateral gene transfer (p. 485)? C What are the benefits of an endospore? The Importance of Prokaryotes 1. What would happen to plants and animals if decomposers did not recycle nutrients? 2. All organisms need nitrogen to make 3. What is nitrogen fixation? What would happen if there were no prokaryotes to perform nitrogen fixation? 4. What is the name of the symbiotic relationship between plants and nitrogen-fixing prokaryotes? . (Optional) Concept Map: Include explanations in your concept maps. aerobe circular chromosome anaerobe decomposers Archaebacteria Eubacteria bacilli extreme environments cell membrane flagellum chemoautotrophs heterotrophs membrane-bound organelles peptidoglycan photoautotrophs plasmid prokaryote