Download Introducing Hardware

James Harris
Ch1 Outline
Introducing Hardware
Hardware needs
software to work
Hardware
Software
Binary number system
PC Hardware
Bit
Byte
Central Processing Unit
(CPU)
Processor
Microprocessor
Port
Hardware Used for
Input/Output
Input- device puts info
Keyboard
in the PC
Output- device puts info Mouse
so you can see it
Monitor
Printer
Hard copy
Circuit board
Expansion cards
Motherboard
Processor/Chipset
Storage devices
Expansion slots
Complementary MetalOxide Semiconductor
(CMOS)
Motherboard
Main board
System board
Peripheral device
Parallel port
S/PDIF (Sony-Philips
Digital Interface) sound
port
(USB) Universal Serial
bus port
Chipset
Primary
storage/memory
Physical components of a PC (EX: monitor,
keyboard)
Set of instructions that tells what the hardware to
do
John Atanasoff 1940’s, Tech of storing/.reading
two states (0,1) or (on, off)
A 1 or 0
8 bits
The brain of the PC, writes data and instructions in
storage devices and performs calculations,
Makers- AMD, Intel
Plug devices into the PC
Used to Type letters and numbers into the PC
Used to ”point” and “click” items on the screen
Used to see what you’re doing on the PC
Used to make a hard copy on paper of what’s on
the screen
A copy that you can touch
Board that holds microchips or integrated circuits
Cards that expand the use of the PC (EX: video
card)
What you use to put Expansion slots
These chips require less electricity and produce
less heat then other chips
Main board that hold that holds the CPU and
expansion card
A device that is not hooked up to the motherboard
(EX: Printer)
Transmit info parallel
Connects audio systems
Used for many output devices to connect
Group of microchips on the motherboard that
controls the flow of data
Temporarily holds info EX: RAM
8/12/2009
James Harris
Primary storage
Secondary Storage
Motherboard
Components
Interface expansion
cards
Electrical system
Instructions stored on
the Motherboard and
other boards
Ch1 Outline
Secondary storage
Random Access
Memory (RAM)
Dual Inline Memory
Module (DIMM)
Single Inline Memory
Modula (SIMM)
Volatile
Nonvolatile
Read-Only Memory
(ROM)
Hard drive
Traces
Bus
Data bus
Data path size
System bus/Front Side
Bus (FSB)
Host bus
System Clock
Clock speed
Hertz(Hz)
Megahertz(MZ)
Gigahertz(Gz)
Video card
Power Supply
BIOS ( Basic Input
Output System)
Program
System BIOS
Startup BIOS
CMOS setup
CMOS RAM
Flash ROM
Advanced Configuration
Power Interface
Advanced Configuration
and Power Interface
(ACPI)
Hard drive, CD, Flash Drive
Located on the motherboard temporality holds
info
Common type of RAM
outdates
Temporality in nature
Hold info EX: ROM
Nonvolatile way to hold info
A sealed case contains platters or disks that rotate
at high speeds hold info
Paths to carry info from one component to
another RX: IDE, SATA
System of pathways used for communication
The most familiar parts of the bus used for data
Width of data bus
Converts electricity to a voltage the PC can handle,
110-120 volts AC
Stored ROM chip on motherboard, Firmwaresoftware embedded into hardware
Manage simple devices
Starts the computer
BIOS that is to change some settings on the
motherboard
Motherboard settings are stored in a small amount
of RAM located on the firmware chip
The software stored on ROM chips on the
motherboard can be overwritten by new software
that remains on the chip until overwritten
A power-saving feature on the motherboard BIO’s
and OS
8/12/2009
James Harris
Ch1 Outline
Advanced Power
Management (APM)
PnP Plug and Play
Older BIOS power management
PnP
Makes installing hardware easier
James in Binary Code- 0100101001100001011011010110010101110011
8/12/2009