Download 1 Ancient Greece Geography I. Greece is found on a ______ called

 Ancient Greece Geography I.
Greece is found on a ____________ called ______________________________ a. Definition: _____________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ b. Greek Societies are often referred to as ______________________________________ II.
The area is _________________________, meaning _______________________________ III.
Peloponnesus is broken up by __________________________________________________ from the ______________________________________ IV.
Because of these condition Greeks ___________________________________________________________ a. These communities were often at odds with each other over ___________________________________ __________________________________________ V.
Climate a. Greece has two seasons i. ___________________________________________________________________ ii. ___________________________________________________________________ b. This means ________________________________________________________________ c. Terrain is ideal for growing _____________________________________ i. Very little of Greece can support ________________________________________ ii. It’s close location to the sea means _________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ First Greek Civilization I.
Rose up on _____________________________ II.
Called the ________________________________ 1 III.
Famous for their ______________________________ a. Created a ________________ at _________________ which included ____________________________ IV.
Minoan ___________________ famous for a sport called _______________________________ V.
Minoans created large _______________________ located at _________________ and ________________ a. Used __________________ and bright __________________ on the exterior i. Columns: ______________________________________________________________________ b. The palace at __________________ was ____________________________________________________ i. Gave rise to ____________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ VI.
Minoans likely wiped by a ___________________________________________________________________ a. Definition: ____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ b. Likely caused by _______________________________________________________________________ First City‐State I.
Founded around ______________, the __________________ were likely a ______________________ on the Greek Mainland a. Created _____________________________________________________________________________ b. Would eventually conquer __________________________________________ i. Era between 1400‐1100BCE known as the ___________________________________________ The Dark Ages I.
Mycenaean Society began to decline by ________________________ a. In ___________ a new group known as the ________________ invaded, and ____________________________________ b. Next 300 years known as the Dark Ages 2 i. Trade _____________________________________ ii. Written languages ____________________ iii. Villages _____________________________ iv. Many Greek legends appeared in this period Rise of the New City‐States I.
Dark Ages end in ____________, with the rise of powerful new city‐states II.
Lasted between __________________, this era is known as __________________________ sees City‐States rise and flourish III.
Ancient Greeks were ___________________________ a. Chief god was ________________________________________________ b. _____________________, god of the _____________________________ c. _____________________, goddess of wisdom, patron goddess of _________________________ d. _____________________, god of war, patron god of ____________________________________ e. _____________________, god of the ______________________________ f.
_____________________, god of the ______________________________ IV.
Greek gods supposedly lived on __________________________________ V.
Greek gods were _____________________, ________________________ and ____________________. They often ___________________________________________________________________________ a. Greek mythology has many stories of humans caught up in the gods’ conflicts b. Worst sin of the Greeks was _________________________________________________________ i. Definition: _________________________________________________________________ VI.
All city‐states worshipped ____________________________ a. Each city‐state had a _____________________ that ___________________________________ i. Individuals prayed to gods that dealt with _____________________________________ 3 b. Created ________________________ where members of each city‐state could ____________________________________________ i. Included: 1. Delphi: __________________________________________ 2. The Olympics: ____________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ c. The Olympics were a _________________________ to honor _________________________ i. Meant to glorify ___________________________ as represented by Zeus ii. Competitors from various city‐states competed ____________________ in events meant to demonstrate ______________________________________ iii. Women were _______________________________________________________________ iv. Victors crowned with _____________________ 1. Designed to ___________________________________________________________ VII.
Greeks also held _______________________ for different gods VIII.
Most famous of these was _____________________________________, the god of ______________________________________________ a. Greeks held _____________ and ________________ competitions for him, with two types of plays i. Comedies: ____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ ii. Tragedies: ____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ City‐States: Athens I.
Throughout the Dark Ages, Athens was ruled by ______________ II.
At the end of the Dark Ages, a small group of __________________ grew in strength and shared power 4 a. Known as an _________________________ i. Definition: ____________________________________________________________________ III.
The _______________________ greatly expanded Athens, but as the population grew too big _____________________________________________ a. Oligarchs _______________________ and grew ______________________________________ b. Many poor farmers ____________________________________________________________________ c. In response to this a new group of rulers, the ___________________________ seized power i. Definition: _____________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Athenian Democracy I.
In _______________, the Athenians overthrew the last Tyrant ____________ for _____________________________ a. Instead of replacing him, Athenians chose _______________________ i. Definition: _____________________________________________________________________ ii. Every year, _____________________________________________________________________ iii. Only _____________ could participate 1. Of the ______________ people in Athens, ______________ were citizens 2. Council was led by a _______________________________________ iv. Athenian Council chose a series of ________________________ to handle _________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ v. Archons were from _____________________________, acted as _________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ II.
Draco a. Created the first ____________________________________ i. Definition ______________________________________________________________________ 5 b. Made laws ____________________________________________________________________________ c. Laws known for being incredibly _________________________________ i. Any citizens who owed a debt and could not pay would be ______________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ii. Even minor crimes carried a penalty of ______________________ iii. To this day, the term Draconian refers to laws that are too harsh or arbitrary III.
Solon a. Allowed any citizen to become a ____________________________________ i. Made it possible for _____________________ to hold ________________________________ b. Set up a system of ________________________ so that the sons of poor farmers could ____________ __________________________________ i. Paid ______________________ to _________________________________________________ c. Encouraged growth of _________________________________________________ i. Definition: _____________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ d. Ended ____________________________ and cancelled all ____________________________________ i. Made it illegal for _______________________________________________________________ IV.
Athens was an example to many city‐states across Greece V.
Education in Athens a. Education was only available to ___________________ b. Young boys would begin their education at _________ i. Typically would be trained by a __________________ or in an _________________ ii. Students or parents would ________________________________________________________ iii. As books were rare, students and teachers ___________________________, designed to help with ____________________________________ iv. Goal of education was ____________________________________________________________ 6 VI.
Athens was known for its powerful _______________________ a. Used ships with __________ and ___________ for speed i. Two types 1. Biremes: ______________________________________ 2. Trieremes: ____________________________________ ii. Ships were designed to ___________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Sparta I.
Sparta was the city‐state eventually settled by _____________________ a. Dorians ________________________________ the local populace b. Spartan population consisted of ___________ slaves, ___________ citizens II.
Government a. Sparta had two _____________ i. Kings were leaders of ____________________________________________________________ ii. The Senate wrote _______________________________________________________________ 1. Senate led by five _____________ that ________________________________________ iii. Only __________ could declare war, but _____________________________________________ III.
Education a. The sons of Spartan __________ were forced to leave home at _______________ to live in a _________ i. Definition: _____________________________________________________________________ ii. Boys slept _____________________________ and wore _____________________ even in winter, Spartans believed that _____________________________________________________ b. Spartan boys learned to fight and served from ________________ in the army c. Girls were trained to __________________________________, known as _________________________ d. Goal of education was _____________________________________________ 7 IV.
Spartan Economy a. Each citizen received ____________________________________________ and a number of _____________ known as _____________________ from the government b. Spartans always had to keep part of army home because ______________________________________ The Greco‐Persian War I.
In the 490sBCE, the Greeks found themselves ___________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________ a. Persians began conquering ______________________ the western coast of _____________________________________________________ b. Despite ______________________, Persians crush the _______________________ c. Persian King, _______________ decides to __________________________________________________ II.
Battle of Marathon a. __________________________________ ally to defeat the Persians b. Defeat a _________________________ as it tries to ________________________, this forces ____________________________________ c. Famously _____________________________________________________________________________ III.
Strategy a. Greeks trained their soldiers to fight in _____________________________ i. Definition: ____________________________________________________________________ ii. Phalanxes fought and moved together in perfect coordination 1. Allowed them to ________________________________________________________ IV.
Thermopylae a. Persia lands its army and begins marching north to _______________________ b. Stopped by ______________________________ in a narrow pass called Thermopylae c. Greeks hold a vastly larger force 8 d. Eventually, Persians find a way through, ___________________________________________ remain behind, sacrificing their lives to buy time V.
Battle of Artemisium a. Greeks attack Persian as they passed through _____________________ in order to prevent them from ______________________________________ i. Result: ________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ VI.
The Battle of Salamis a. Eager for total victory ____________ sends his fleet on ahead to attack _________________ while his army marches behind b. In preparation, Athenians ________________________________ leaving only a small for to hold _____________________________________ c. Entire Athenian Navy masses for attack d. Small Greek fleet lures Persian Armada into ________________________________________________ i. Massive size of Persian fleet leaves them ____________________________________________ ii. Greek ships ____________________________________________________________________ iii. Result: ________________________________________________________________________ e. Xerxes attacks and burns _________________ but ___________________________________________ __________________________________________________ VII.
Persians would try to ____________________, just as unsuccessfully a. Greek City‐States form ______________________________ i. Definition: _____________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ VIII.
Greeks now ______________________________________________________________________________ IX.
This begins _______________________________________________ 9