Download Biology 11 Unit 9 Assignment 1 How do sponges

Name: Claudia Cristescu
Date: May 12 2016
Biology 11 Unit 9 Assignment 1: How do sponges, cnidarians, flatworms, and
roundworms obtain food? Virtual Lab
Instructions:
Please complete the How do sponges, cnidarians, flatworms, and roundworms obtain food
Virtual Lab.
External Link:
http://www.glencoe.com/sites/common_assets/science/virtual_labs/LS13/LS13.html
Read the information and procedures provided in the lab and complete the journal questions
(provided below). Please note you should be answering your questions in detail, by providing
support in the form of data values (external or from the lab) and/or scientific
information/research to explain your statements.
Table/Graph Section:
Table 1: ____________________________________________________________
Name of organism
Types of feeder
Portuguese man of war
Predator
Image of organism (insert
picture/sketch)
http://www.bajainsider.com/
article/stingrays-jellyfishand-man-o-wars-woundtreatment-0
Roundworms (in gills)
Parasite
http://www.petshed.com/pet
cyclopedia/what-are-canineroundworms.html
Sea Anemone
Filter-feeder
http://www.bbc.co.uk/progra
mmes/p034jd8p
Tapeworm (in fish intestine)
Parasite
http://emedicine.medscape.c
om/article/786292-overview
Tube Sponges
Filter-feeders
http://www.ryanphotographi
c.com/sponges.htm
Jellyfish
Predator
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki
/Jellyfish
Leopard Flatworm
Parasites, Scavengers, Filterfeeders
http://www.markrosenstein.c
om/gallery2/index.php/saba0
5/flatworm
Rope Sponge
Predators
http://flowergarden.noaa.gov
/about/spongelist.html
Journal Questions:
1. Describe each of the four types of feeders identified in this activity. Explain how
various invertebrates have adapted to feeding in their environment.
Filter feeders filter bacteria, algae, protozoans and other bacteria from the water in which
they live. Types of organisms with this method of feeding are usually sessile and relatively
inactive. On the other hand organisms that are predators have developed specially designed
cells to hunt and scavenge. Parasites are usually very small organisms that enter the host in
larval form and grow by obtaining food from the host. Scavengers have developed special
structural characteristics to help them locate food by odor and even during the night time.
2. Why are filter-feeders usually stationary organisms?
Organisms that are filter feeders do not require movement as food particles comes to
them, and never have to compete for resources.
3. Early scientists classified sponges as plants. Based on your observations of the
sponge’s feeding system, why do you think scientists now classify sponges as
animals?
Scientists now classify sponges as animals due to their feeding habits and embryo
development and because sponges are multicellular heterotrophs with multiple tissue
layers and systems.
4. Jellyfish cannot swim rapidly, yet they are efficient predators. How are they
adapted to predatory life despite their lack of speed?
Jellyfish have small stinging organs present in the tentacles and oral arms. Tentacles are
also very long to catch any prey that comes near the stinging cells. Some jelly-fish have
colloblasts which secrete a sticky substance that binds their prey.
5. Why are scavengers usually found in the lower part of the coral reef habitat?
Scavengers are usually found in the lower part of the coral reef habitat because most of
the dead organisms are found at the bottom of the ocean floor.
6. How do internal parasites keep from being washed out of their host’s bodies in body
fluids or wastes?
Parasitic flatworms will usually have hooks on the scolex to attach it to the wall of the
gut and they have an extra outer covering, glycocalyx, to protect it from being digested.
For a tapeworm, its head attaches to the inner wall of the intestines.
7. How do the methods for obtaining food change as an organism’s complexity
increases?
As an organism’s complexity increases organisms, such as prey, in the ecosystem will
also adapt to become more complex and species diversity increases. Increased complexity
allows more effective competition for resources.