Download Section 13.1 – A Closer Look at Earth

Science 1206
Chapter 10 Review
1
Science 1206 –Weather Quiz #1
Tentative Date:
Key Terms
Anemometer
Barometer
Hydrometer
Rain Gauge
Weather
Climate
Latitude
Longitude
Albedo
Radiation
Conduction
Convection
Advection
Heat Sink
Heat Capacity
Latent Heat of
Fusion
Latent Heat of
Vaporization
Temperature
Gradient
Atmosphere
Troposphere
Tropopause
Stratosphere
Mesosphere
Thermosphere
Exosphere
Atmospheric
Pressure
Pressure Gradient
Evaporation
Condensation
Precipitation
Runoff
Convective Clouds
Frontal Clouds
Orographic Clouds
Cumulus Clouds
Stratus Clouds
Nimbus Clouds
Alto
Cirrus
Prevailing Winds
Trade Winds
Mid-Latitude Westerlies
Polar Easterlies
Meteorology
Meteorologist
Weather System
Air Mass (4 types)
Warm Front
Cold Front
Occluded Front
Stationary Front
High Pressure System
Low Pressure System
Cyclone
Anticyclone
Land breeze
Sea breeze
Chinook
Thermal
Key Concepts
Assignment Topics
1. Know what each of the following instruments is used to measure.
i)
Thermometer
iv) anemometer
ii)
Hydrometer
(v) rain gauge
iii)
Barometer
Section 13.1 – A Closer Look at Earth
1. Know the difference between climate and weather and be able to give examples of each.
2. Know the difference between lines of latitude and longitude and identify each on a map.
Science 1206
Chapter 10 Review
2
3. Know how latitude changes as you move north or south of the equator and how it affects
temperature.
Section 13.2 – Earth’s Energy Balance
1. Be familiar with how incoming solar radiation is absorbed or reflected by the earth. (Fig. 4
pg. 506)
2. Know what albedo is and how it affects the absorption of energy by a substance.
3. Know the difference between the following modes of heat transfer: radiation, conduction,
convection and advection.
4. Know what heat sinks are and that the ocean and atmosphere are earth’s major heat sinks.
5. Know what heat capacity is and how the heat capacity of water makes it the most important
heat sink that can influence the atmosphere and land around it.
6. Know what latent heat is, including latent heat of fusion and latent heat of vaporization (from
lab activity)
Section 13.3 – Seasons and the Angle of Sunlight
1. Discuss how the tilt of the earth on its axis is responsible for different seasons.
2. Understand why summer in the Northern hemisphere happens while it is winter in the
Southern hemisphere.
Section 13.4 – The Atmosphere
1. Identify and describe the main characteristics of each layer of the atmosphere.
2. Know what a temperature gradient is and the general pattern of how temperature changes as
you move through the layers of the atmosphere. (ie which layers are colder, warmer, etc)
3. Know then distribution of gases in the atmosphere (amount of nitrogen, oxygen, water
vapour, carbon dioxide)
4. Describe the relationship between atmospheric pressure and altitude.
5. Describe how the atmosphere supports life on earth.
Section 13.11 – Clouds and Fog
1. Be able to describe the difference between convective, frontal, and orographic clouds.
2. Identify clouds as stratus, cumulus nimbus or cirrus based on a description.
3. Use the prefixes alto and cirro for mid-level and high-level clouds.
4. Be able to briefly explain the formation of fog.
Section 13.6 – Prevailing Wind Patterns
1. Be able to define the Coriolis Effect and know that it causes the apparent direction changes in
wind.
Science 1206
Chapter 10 Review
3
2. Be able to name the prevailing winds in each region (Equatorial/Tropical, Mid-Latitude,
Polar) and state their direction of movement.
Section 14.1 and 14.2 - North American Weather Systems
1. Know what a meteorologist is.
2. Recognize Bernoulli’s principle and that as wind speeds up it becomes less dense.
3. Know what weather systems are and which direction they tend to move in North America
4. Know what Air masses are and be able to identify an air mass as Continental Polar,
Continental Tropical, Maritime Polar or Maritime tropical based on a description of
temperature and moisture content.
5. Identify the type of front based on a description of the weather conditions.
6. Know the weather that is associated with low and high pressure systems.
7. Describe the difference between a cyclone and an anticyclone
Section 14.3 – Three Days of Weather
1. Recognize the map symbols associated with weather conditions used in weather maps.
*Know the difference between a land breeze and a sea breeze and why they occur.
*know that humidity is a measure of the amount of water vapour in the air compared to the
amount that COULD be in the air for a certain temperature.
* Know how to read a humidity chart
*A greater amount of moisture vapour means a higher humidity