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CHAPTER 11 TEST REVIEW 1. Group that believed the Umayyad dynasty should rule SUNNIS 2. One of the largest and most powerful Muslim empires that began in Turkey and allowed religious freedom OTTOMAN 3. Modern country with more Muslims than any other country INDONESIA 4. Successor to the messenger of God CALIPH 5. Dynasty that lost power in A.D. 750 UMAYYADS 6. Mogul ruler who brought peace to his territory and allowed religious freedom AKBAR 7. The largest and richest town in Arabia MAKKAH 14. First ruler of the Abbasid dynasty ABU AL-ABBAS 15. West African center of Muslim learning TIMBUKTU 16. The holy book of Islam QURAN 17. Group that believed Muhammad’s sonin-law should rule after his death an not the Umayyad SHIITES 18. A beautiful tomb in India TAJ MAHAL 19. Desert herders who traveled from oasis to oasis for water BEDOUINS 20. Sultan of the Ottoman Empire in the 1500s SULEIMAN I 8. Mathematician, astronomer, and poet OMAR KHAYYAM 21. How Arab merchants transported goods across the desert CARAVAN 9. Muslim house of worship MOSQUE 22. City Muhammad’s army conquered MAKKAH 10. Green area in a desert fed by underground water OASIS 23. People who felt threatened by Islam WEALTHY MERCHANTS 11. Followers of Islam MUSLIM 12. Towers of a mosque where Muslims are called to prayer MINARET 13. Acts of worship Muslims must fulfill FIVE PILLARS OF ISLAM 24. Muslims who preserved ancient learning SCHOLARS 25. People who ruled only the government and army, not the religion. SELJUKS 26. Places where most Muslims in Arab Empire lived. VILLAGES 27. Took control of most of India after the Mogul empire collapsed. GREAT BRITAIN ESSAY What was Muhammad’s message? What rules for daily living did he teach? 28. Geography feature that covers most of the Arabian Peninsula. DESERT 29. City that made Muhammad its ruler MADINAH 30. Surrendering to the will of God ISLAM 31. Common belief of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam ONE GOD 32. Who were the first four caliphs personally connected to MUHAMMAD 33. Mongol action that ended the Arab Empire BURNED BAGHDAD Explain the split between the Shiites and the Sunnis.
