Download Facts to Remember to help you pass the NYS Science Assessment

Facts to Remember to help you pass the NYS Science Assessment Test:
Life Science
1.) All living organisms contain at least one cell.
2.) Body systems work together to maintain homeostasis.
3.) Living things are classified based upon their properties.
4.) The classification system can be remembered as: Keep Picking Cheese
out from Granny’s Socks. (Kingdom Phylum Class Order family Genus
species)
5.) There are five Kingdoms ; Monerans, Protists, Fungi, Plants, Animals
6.) Most variety of organisms are found in kingdoms
7.) Least variety are found among species.
8.) The endocrine system produces hormones.
9.) Sex cells contain half the normal number of chromosomes found in body
cells.
10.) The normal number of chromosomes in a human body cell is 46.
11.) The flower is the reproductive structure for plants.
12.) A calorie expresses the amount of energy in food.
13.) In photosynthesis, carbon dioxide and water react to form sugar, and
oxygen and water are given off as wastes.
14.) Chlorophyll is a green pigment found in plants that is needed for
photosynthesis. It is found in the chloroplasts of plant cells.
15.) Chromosomes are composed of many gene pairs.
16.) DNA is made up of four bases (A,T,C,G)
17.) The base pair rule states that A and T are joined together and C and G
are joined together.
18.)Producers are able to make their own food.
19.) All living things require water to survive.
20.) Sexual reproduction leads to variation in species.
21.) Respiration takes place in the mitochondria of cells. Respiration
converts oxygen and food into energy, and carbon dioxide and water, which
are waste products.
22.) Groups of cells work together to form tissues.
23.) Groups of tissues form organs. Organs work together to form organ
systems.
24.) A carnivore is a meat-eater and a consumer.
25.) An herbivore is a plant –eater.
26.) An omnivore eats both meat and plants.
27.) An ecological succession is when one community is replaced with
another until a climax community is achieved.
28.) A biome is a large area with similar plant and animal communities.
29.) Renewable resources can be re-used or replaced.
30.) Non-renewable resources cannot be replaced.
31.) A Punnett Square shows the possible outcomes of a genetic cross,
expressed as probabilities.
32.) Structures found only in plant cells include cell walls and chloroplasts
and a large vacuole.
33.) Oxygen is produced by plants and taken in by animals. Carbon dioxide
is produced by animals and taken in by plants.
34.) A habitat is a place where an organism lives.
35.) Organisms will adapt to changes in their environment in order to
survive.
36.) An ecosystem includes living and nonliving things in the environment.
37.) A combination of the sperm and egg is a process called fertilization.
38.) Gamete, sex cells, reproductive cells all mean the same thing. Sperm is
the male gamete, egg is the female gamete.
39.) Asexual reproduction involves only one parent and the offspring
produced are identical to that parent.
40.) Heredity is the passing of traits from parents to offspring.
41.) Genes come in pairs. Dominant genes are stronger and will always be
expressed. Recessive genes are weaker and are hidden by the presence of a
dominant gene. A hybrid contains one dominant and one recessive gene in
the pair.
42.) Genetic engineering, selective breeding, cloning, and gene splicing are
examples of modern genetic techniques.
43.) A life cycle is described as a series of changes in the development of an
organism.
44.) An example of ecological succession would include grassesbushestrees
45.) The nucleus of a cell is the control center and contains genetic material.
46.) Digestive system breaks down food to smaller molecules.
47.) Circulatory system transports materials to cells and wastes away from
cells.
48.) Respiratory system exchanges gasses between the blood and the
environment.
49.) Excretory system removes liquid and gaseous waste from the body.
50.) The muscular and skeletal systems are responsible for moving the body.
51.) Reproductive system produces offspring.
52.) The sun is the major and original source of energy for all ecosystems.
53.) Competition occurs when organisms are trying to get the same food
source.
54.) Cell division causes an organism to grow and become more specialized.
55.) Abnormal cell growth results in the disease cancer.