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Database Management Systems Instructor: Yrd. Doç. Dr. Cengiz Örencik E-mail: [email protected] Course material http://myweb.sabanciuniv.edu/cengizo/cour ses ◦ all the notes will be shared there Not required You may use any database book Database Management Systems – 3rd Edition ◦ Ramakrishnan and Gehrke Midterm Inclass quizzes (2) Final Hws 40% 5% + 5% 50% ◦ Self study ◦ Not to be graded 4 Learning database system concepts Learning how to design and implement a database application Computers were originally developed for number crunching. By time, data storage and processing became as important as scientific computing Amount and types of data increased : ◦ Image/audio/video data ◦ Genome data ◦ Customer transactions Database Management Systems were developed to manage this data. Someone should Someone should Someone should database Someone should system crashes design the database maintain/tune the database design queries to retrieve data from the deal with the recovery process when the Database Management System (DBMS) provides…. … efficient, reliable, convenient, and safe multi-user storage of and access to massive amounts of persistent data. Massive – terrabytes/day Persistent Safe – hard/software failure, power cut Multi-user Convenient Efficient Reliable A Database Management System (DBMS) is a software package designed to store and manage databases We will not consider: Database applications may be programmed via “frameworks” ◦ Environments that help to develop program ◦ Ruby on rails, Django… DBMS may run in conjunction with “middleware” ◦ Web servers that interact with database Data-intensive applications may not use DBMS at all ◦ Store everything on files Data independence Efficient access Data integrity and security Uniform data administration Reduced application development time ◦ Application programs don’t need details of data representation and storage ◦ A variety of techniques ◦ Enforce constraints, access control… ◦ How different groups of users use it ◦ Organized to minimize redundancy ◦ DBMS support most common important functions Concurrent access, recovery from crashes ◦ Multiple users use it without conflict ◦ Protect from effects of system failures They are system programs like the operating system Database Management Systems (DBMSs) enable us to ◦ ◦ ◦ ◦ ◦ Create a database Populate the database Query the database Let multiple users use the database at the same time Recover the data when something goes wrong Lets say you would like to create a database for the library: You need to keep information about the books and who borrowed them What do we need to know about a book? ◦ ◦ ◦ ◦ Name Author Publisher Year For each book we need to keep that information ◦ Book (Name, Author, Publisher, Year) CREATE TABLE book (name CHAR(20), author CHAR(20), publisher CHAR(20), year INTEGER) INSERT INTO book (‘Kyle’s Mom’, ‘Eric McCarthy’, ‘Chef’, 2001) Name Author Publisher Year Kyle’s Mom Eric McCarthy Chef 2001 Death becomes him Kenny Grave Mr. Garrison 2000 …. …. …. … SELECT name FROM book WHERE publisher = ‘Chef’ Name Author Publisher Year Kyle’s Mom Eric McCarthy Chef 2001 Death becomes him Kenny Grave Mr. Garrison 2000 …. …. …. … User DBMS Database 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Introduction to Database Systems Entity Relationship Model Relational Model SQL Queries, Triggers, and Stored Procedures Schema Refinement and Normal Forms Data Storage and Indexing Transaction Management Concurrency Control Crash Recovery What is the name of the student with sid 53680? How many students are enrolled to DBMS course? How many instructors are there in the Computer Engineering Department? What fraction of students of DBMS course get a grade better than BB? DBMS used to maintain, query large datasets Benefits include recovery from system crashes, concurrent access, quick application development, data integrity and security DBAs hold responsible jobs and are well paid Whether you know it or not, you’re using a database every hour