Download Evolution/Natural Selection Exam Study Guide Definitions: 1. Define

Evolution/Natural Selection Exam Study Guide
Definitions:
1.
Define evolution.
2. Distinguish between macro-evolution and micro-evolution.
Natural Selection Theory and Micro-evolution
3. Through an example, describe the 4 aspects of natural selection theory. (Ex. Giraffes,
peppered moth etc)
4. Describe the sources of variation in a population and why biodiversity is important to the
survival of the population.
5. Define and give examples of selective pressures. (Biotic and abiotic)
6. Define and give examples of adaptations (structural, physiological, and behavioural)
7. Describe and give an example of co-evolution.
8. Describe an example of sexual selection (peacocks, human pheromones etc.) that leads to
differences between males and females.
Types of Natural Selection:
9. Describe & give an example to show the difference between directional and stabilizing
selection.
Adaptations:
10. predator/prey strategies
a) describe and give an example of the following predator hunting strategies:
*mimicry
*social hunting
*altruism
*decoy
*group hunting
*kin selection
b) describe and give an example of the following prey defence strategies:
*flocks
*startle display
*warning coloration *mimicry
11. Describe the differences between intra-species and inter-species competition and possible
outcomes of each type (ex. survival of the fittest, competitive exclusion or zonation)
Beyond Darwin:
12. Define genetic drift and describe a possible effect of genetic drift on allele frequency in a
population.
13. Describe why the founder effect is an example of genetic drift.
Macro-evolution:
14. Define species and speciation.
15. Describe the difference between punctuated equilibrium and adaptive radiation.
16. Use a hypothetical example to describe how speciation may occur through isolating
mechanisms. (Adaptive radiation)
17. Describe how any 3 of the following may be considered evidence for evolution:
*fossil record
*continental drift
*homologous structures
*vestigial structures
*embryology
*cellular comparisons
18. Describe a misconception surrounding the evidence for evolution.