Download Simulation of Maximum Power Point Tracking for

DESIGN AND SIMULATION OF GRID CONNECTED
PV SYSTEM USING MPPT
Abstract:
• A photovoltaic solar panel exhibits non-linear current–voltage
characteristics.
• According to the maximum power transform theory, it can produce
maximum power at only one particular operating point i.e, when the
source impedance matches with the load impedance.
• Furthermore the maximum power point changes with temperature
and light intensity variations.
• Therefore, different algorithms have been developed for maximum
power point tracking based on offline and online methods.
• Evaluating the performance of these algorithms for various PV
systems operating under highly dynamic environments are essentials
to ensure a reliable, efficient, cost-effective, and high performance
systems.
Problem identification:
• The development of renewable energy has been an increasingly
critical topic, due to the tremendous growth in energy demand that is
expected to climb 35% by 2030 in comparison with current energy
consumption.
• As a result of that an enormous pressure on existing conventional
energy resources, in particular, fossil fuels such as oil and natural
gas.
• Where they are currently providing more than 98% of the energy
consumed worldwide .
• Dependence on fossil fuel present a number of challenges,
including: high cost, environmental damage, and lack of
sustainability.
• Less efficiency of pv module because of uncontrollability in
varying environmental conditions.
• Efficiency of battery is less
Problem solution:
• The most obvious source of renewable energy is the solar
energy.
• Use of maximum power point tracking for photovoltaic
systems using perturb and observe algorithm.
• To increase the efficiency of a battery MPPT should be
used.
• Maximum power point tracking plays an important role in
photovoltaic system because it maximize the power
output from a PV system for a given set of conditions,
and therefore maximize the array efficiency and minimize
the overall system cost.
What is mppt:
• It is not an mechanical system which physically orients the panel
straight to the sun.
• Mppt system is basically electronically controlled system . it can
change the electrical operating point of the panel in accordance with
changes in environmental conditions .
• Mppt plays the important role of impedance matching adapter i.e it
forces the impedance at the terminals of the pv panel to the value
that produces maximum power out of the panel.
Equivalent model of pv cell:
Physical structure of pv cell:
Characteristic I–V curve of the PV cell:
Existing Diagram:
Reference voltage control:
Perturb and Observe MPPT Algorithm Flowchart:
P-V characteristics:
MPPT Curves :
• A . I and V curve without MPPT:
•Fig : shows V-I curve with different solar insolation and constant temperature 25deg cel.
B. P-V curve with MPPT:
•Fig: shows p-v curve with different solar insolation and constant temperature 25deg cel
C. I-V curve with constant insolation and different
temperature:
Fig. : I-V curve for different temperature and constant insolation
.
D . I and V curve with MPPT:
Fig.: shows V-I curve with different solar insolation and constant temperature 25deg cel
Block diagram of proposed system:
BI-Directional
converter
Simulink Models:
1. V System:
2. Simulation diagram of MPPT:
3. DC-DC Boost Converter:
4. BI-Directional converter:
5. Existing diagram:
6. Proposed Diagram:
Simulation results of Grid connected PV system:
• 1. Output voltage of PV system:
2. Inverter boost output waveform:
3. Simulation results of three phase grid Voltages
during synchronization:
4. Simulation results of three phase currents of grid:
5. Simulation results during grid connected mode
shows power factor improvement:
Advantages:
• Maximum power can be extracted by using this
system.
• It is pollution free source of energy.
• Easily available source of energy worldwide .
• This system has reduced size.
• As short circuit current as well as power increases
with increase in insulation level, while a very little
change in open circuit voltage is observed.
Applications:
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Used for water pumping in rural area
Used for water heaters
Street lights
Traffic signals
For high power applications PV system is
directly connected to grid
Conclusion:
• Grid connected PV system is modeled with MPPT under
various climatic conditions.
• With the help of MPPT Algorithm the maximum available
power with PV system can be fed to grid.
• When grid is operating under stresses at that time the pv
power can be fed to grid to reduce the under voltages
conditions .
• Also by using this system the dependence on non- renewable
energy resource can reduced there , by using this system
the clean and pollution free environment can be maintained .
• Many other parameters can be modeled and investigated
using the same model which all left for future research.
References:
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C. Hua and C. Shen, “Implementation of a DSP-controlled photovoltaic system
with peak power tracking”, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, Vol. 45,
Issue, 1, pp. 99-107, February 1998.
Samer Alsadi, Basim Alsayid, “Maximum Power Point Tracking Simulation for
Photovoltaic Systems Using Perturb and Observe Algorithm”, International Journal
of Engineering and Innovative Technology (IJEIT), Vol. 2, Issue 6, pp. 80-85,
December 2012.
R. A.Cullen, “What is Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) and How Does it
Work?” Blue Sky Energy, www.blueskyenergyinc.com, July 2000.
MATLAB, www.mathworks.com/products/matlab.
Thank you