Download April 18 – China History

APRIL 17 – AP COMP GOV – DYNASTIC
HISTORY
Agenda:
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Take out:
Comparison: Population
Control in Iran and China
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Pen/Pencil
Notes: Dynastic History of
China
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Notebook
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Comparison of Iran/China
population control
Homework:
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Read p. 285-296
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Country Briefs for Monday
CHINA’S DYNASTIC HISTORY
ca. 5000 BCE-1901 CE
THE NEOLITHIC ERA – 5000-1500 BCE
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Civilizations emerged
between 5000 and 4000 B.C.
E. in the North China plain
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Hunted and worked with
stone tools
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Produced jade artifacts and
ceramic pottery
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People lived in small tribal
settlements
SHANG DYNASTY – 1500-1000 BCE
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The first Chinese state for
which clear written records
remain
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United much of north
central China
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Bronze weaponry  strength
of royal military
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First appearance of woven
silk
ZHOU (CHOU) DYANSTY – 1027-256 BCE
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1027-ca 770 BC - Zhou dynasty
replaces Shang as dominant
force across northern China
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Power extended across family
lines to create aristocratic cities
and principalities
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Confucianism and Taoism
evolved
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Chinese literary tradition
began
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Zhou state collapsed into
chaos of Era of Warring States
CH’IN (QIN) DYNASTY – 221-206 BCE
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King Ying Zheng Unites much
of the Chinese heartland
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Begins massive construction
projects:
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First ruler to use the title
"emperor" as Qin Shihuangdi
("First Qin Emperor")
First Great Wall of China
First official system of roadways
Empire quickly collapses
after his death
QIN - THE GREAT WALL AND THE TERRACOTTA ARMY
HAN DYNASTY – 206 BCE-220 CE
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First lasting state governing the entire
Chinese heartland
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First “golden age” marked by major
inventions and progress
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Invention of paper and glazed ceramics
Military expansion
Growth in economy
Centralization of government
Promoted Confucian ideals as the state
philosophy
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Development of state tests
Bureaucratic civil-service system lasted until
early 20th century
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Buddhism introduce to parts of China
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Sought alliances with foreign powers
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trade routes developed into the Silk road
SIX DYNASTIES – 220-586 CE
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Collapse of Han state results
in nearly four centuries of
division between competing
dynasties
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Wars, plagues, famine
Political instability 
questioning Confucian
ideals  embrace Buddhism
and Taoism
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Ideas also spread by invention
of woodblock printing
SUI DYANSTY – 581-618
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Short-lived dynasty forcefully
united central/southern
China
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Marked by developments in
agriculture and the
promotion of Buddhism
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Development of southern
China
T’ANG DYNASTY – 618-906 CE
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Combined aggressive military
and economic expansion with
political stability and creative
achievement
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Encouraged both import and
export trade along the Silk
Road
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Seen as the second “Golden
Age” of Chinese history
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Empire expands to central Asia
FIVE DYNASTIES – 907-960 CE
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Politically and Militarily
unremarkable
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Dominated by political
unrest – controlled by five
short-lived dynasties
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Development of “China” –
porcelain whiteware
NORTHERN SUNG (SONG) – 960-1126
CE
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Third “Golden Age” - high point
of Chinese classical culture
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Philosophical and artistic
development
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Political centralization
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Economic growth
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Scientific innovation
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Adoption of Neo-Confucianism
as the official state ideology
SOUTHERN SUNG (SONG) – 1127-1279
CE
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Invaders from Mongolia
drive Chinese Empire South
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Marked by unrest and
military conflict
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Capital established at
Hangzhou (Huangzhou)
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Trade and economy
severely limited
MONGOL RULE – YUAN DYNASTY –
1280-1365 CE
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Empire established by Kublai
Khan (grandson of Genghis)
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Reopen and expand
international trade
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Marco Polo (et. al.) visit
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Western interest in the East
begins
Capital established at
Beijing
THE MONGOLIAN EMPIRE
MING DYNASTY – 1368-1644 CE
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Established sophisticated
agricultural and trade-based
economy
Rise of a large middle-class
• Treasure Ships – trade and
discovery
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Developed a strong
centralized bureaucracy and
military
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Great Wall of China
completed
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Forbidden city constructed
CH’ING (QING) DYNASTY – 1644-1912
CE
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1644 - Manchu Qing Dynasty drives out
Ming.
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19th Century - Qing Dynasty begins a
long decline.
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Chinese empire reaches its zenith, with the
annexation of Tibet, Mongolia and presentday Xinjiang (Turkestan).
Western powers impose "unequal treaties" that
create foreign concessions in China's ports.
Regional warlords rise as central government
atrophies.
1899-1901 - "Boxer Rebellion" in Northern
China seeks to stifle reforms in the Qing
administration, drive out foreigners and
re-establish traditional rule.
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Rebellion defeated by foreign intervention
With Western powers, Russia and Japan
extracted further concessions from weakened
Qing government