Download BIOLOGY Chapter 3 Test – Chemistry of Life

BIOLOGY Chapter 3 Test – Chemistry of Life
NAME____________________
Multiple Choice.
1) What do we call the smallest unit of matter that cannot be broken down chemically?
a. atom
c. compound
b. molecule
d. element
2)
Which statement is correct regarding acids and bases?
a. Acids have a high pH and bases have a low pH.
b. Acids donate or release H+ (or hydronium ions) and bases accept H+.
c. Acids are harmful but bases are not harmful.
d. Acids combine with bases to form sugars.
3)
Which of the following is NOT a common element of biological molecules?
a. Aluminum
c. Carbon
b. Hydrogen
d. Nitrogen
4)
What do we call an atom’s outermost electron shell?
a. valence
b. 1s
c. 2sp
d. 3sp
5)
Molecules are formed when
a. atoms of an element lose an electron.
b. atoms of an element gain an electron.
c. atoms of the same element join together.
d. atoms share electrons in a covalent bond
6)
What allows you to fill a glass above the rim without water spilling over the edge?
a. Cohesion of water molecules.
b. Breaking of the ionic bonding of water.
c. Balance between H+ and OH- ions.
d. The vibrational movements of water molecules.
7. When an atom becomes a positively charged ion or Cation, it
a. gains a proton.
b. gains a neutron.
c. changes shape with the same number of protons and neutrons.
d. loses an electron.
8. The atomic number of an atom is equal to
a. the number of neutrons and electrons but not protons.
b. the number of electrons in the outer shell available for bonds.
c. the number of protons.
d. the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons.
9. An atoms desire to have its valence shell full is known as
a. the atomic number
b. electronegativity.
c. the octet rule.
d. adhesion.
10. A bond based on the donation or acceptance of electrons is known as
a. an ionic bond
c. a hydrogen bond
b. a covalent bond
d. a peptide bond
11. A weak bond based on the attraction between molecules of water is known as
a. an ionic bond
c. a hydrogen bond
b. a covalent bond
d. a peptide bond
12. Which of the following statements is NOT true of chemical bonds?
a. Both types of chemical bonds involve electrons in the outer shell.
b. Covalent bonds share electrons between two atoms.
c. An atom in an ionic bond has an unequal number of electrons and protons.
d. Salts and other important ionic molecules of the body are covalently bonded.
13. Which of the following molecules is NOT a compound?
a. H20
b. O2
c. CO2
d. C6H12O6
14. If neutral atoms become negative ions, they
a. gain electrons.
b. lose electrons.
c. gain protons.
d. lose protons.
15. When an ionic bond forms, electrons are
a. lost.
b. gained.
c. shared.
d. both A or B is true.
16. A covalent bond is
a. an example of a bond that results in ionic compounds.
b. the transfer of electrons from one atom to another.
c. a sharing of electrons between two atoms.
d. a sharing of protons between two atoms.
17. In water, hydrogen bonding occurs between hydrogen in one molecule and
a. an oxygen atom in the same molecule.
b. an oxygen atom in a different molecule.
c. a hydrogen atom in the same molecule.
d. a hydrogen atom in a different molecule.
18. Water is polar because
a. it is a covalent molecular compound
b. oxygen is extremely electronegative
c. hydrogen is weakly electronegative
d. both b & c
19. Water is a polar substance. This means that
a. water molecules are attracted to each other through hydrogen bonding.
b. water molecules are able to dissolve other polar substances.
c. there is uneven charge distribution on the molecule.
d. All of the above are correct.
20. The ability of water to form drops
a. is due to its polarity.
b. is because water is cohesive.
c. Is due to hydrogen bonding
d. All of the above are correct.
21. Which of the following statements is NOT a true characteristic of water?
a. Water is cohesive
b. Water absorbs a great deal of heat before it evaporates.
c. Water is adhesive
d. Liquid water is less dense than ice.
22. Water has a neutral pH of
a. 0
b. 2
c 7
d. 14
23. The pH of your blood hovers around 7.4 due to the presence of
a. hydrochloric acid.
c. buffers.
b. sodium hydroxide.
d. salt.
24. This reaction occurs when two glucose molecules combine to form a disaccharide molecule.
a. dehydration synthesis
c. hydrogen bond
b. hydrolysis
d. ionic
25. Which of the following terms includes all of the others on the list?
a. monosaccharides like glucose
c. polysaccharides like glycogen
b. disaccharides like sucrose
d. carbohydrates
26. Dehydration Synthesis is important in the forming which of the following
a. polysaccharides
c. nucleic acids
b. proteins
d. all of the above
27. A bond that connects Amino Acids together to form polypeptide chains is known as
a. an ionic bond
c. a hydrogen bond
b. a covalent bond
d. a peptide bond
28. Proteins often display repeating motifs like the alpha helix or beta sheet described as
a. primary structure
c. tertiary structure
b. secondary structure
d. quaternary structure
29. The Amino acid sequence of a protein is known as its
a. primary structure
b. secondary structure
c. tertiary structure
d. quaternary structure
30. This molecule acts as a precursor or source for hormones like testosterone or estrogen
a. cholesterol
c. cellulose
b. proteins
d. messenger RNA
31. This molecule is the storage form of glucose in animals
a. starch
b. glycogen
c. cellulose
d. sucrose
32. This molecule is a critical structural component of the cell membrane
a. DNA
c. cellulose
b. phospholipids
d. keratin
33. Enzymes speed up chemical reactions by
a. lowering energy of activation
b. increasing energy of activation
34. This is a common structural protein found in hair.
a. chitin
b. alpha dehydrogenase
c. adding heat
d. taking heat
c. insulin
d. keratin
35. This is a common protein hormone associated with glucose regulation
a. lipase
c. insulin
b. RNA
d. keratin
Matching. Match the name of the compound to the structure (pictures continue on the next page).
On your scantron sheet, write the letter that corresponds to the correct term
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Cholesterol
Saturated fatty acid
Amino acid
A peptide bond
The Disaccharide Sucrose
Triacyl-glyceraldehyide
Poly-unsaturated fatty acid
Glucose
A Phospholipid
A Nucleotide
DNA
Glycogen
Carbon Dioxide
Carboxyllic Acid
Water