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Download Outline • Connective tissue – Characteristics – Functions – Structure
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Outline • Connective tissue –Characteristics –Functions –Structure Connective Tissue • Found throughout the body but NEVER exposed to the outside environment Characteristics • • • • • • Specialized cells Extracellular protein fibers Extracellular ground substance The extracellular protein fibers + ground substance = MATRIX Highly vascular (except cartliage) Nerve supply (except cartilage) Functions • • • • Provides a structural framework for the body Transports fluids & solutes from one region to another Provides protection for organs Supports, surrounds and interconnects other tissue types • Stores energy reserves • Defends the body from invasion of microorganism Structure - cells • _____blast = immature cell => mitosis & secrete matrix • _____cyte = mature cell => maintain matrix Cells of connective tissue • • Fibroblasts secrete collagen, elastic and reticular fibers + ground substance Macrophages engulf bacteria and cellular debris by phagocytosis => protect against disease • Plasma cells secrete antibodies => part of immune system • Mast cells produce histamine => part of inflammatory response • Adipocytes = fat cells; store triglycerides (fats) Structure - matrix • Ground substance = extracellular matter surrounding cells & fibers • Can be fluid, semifluid, gelatinous or calcified Matrix - collagen fibers • Strong; resist pulling forces; NOT stiff => provides FLEXIBILITY. • Made of protein collagen • Found in parallel bundles • Found in most connective tissue Matrix - elastic fibers • Strong fibers that can STRECH over double their length then return to original size => elasticity • Made of protein elastin • Form a network of branches Classification • Mature connective tissue: – Loose connective tissue – Dense connective tissue – Cartilage • • • Bone tissue Blood tissue Lymph Know the following specific tissues: • • Areolar Adipose tissue • • • • • • • • Dense regular Dense irregular Elastic Hyaline cartilage Fibrocartilage Elastic cartilage PLEASE KNOW WHERE THESE TISSUES ARE LOCATED (IN GENERAL) We will cover bone & blood in detail later.
