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PLANETS AND THE SOLAR SYSTEM Terrestrial Planets (Closest to the Sun) 1. Mercury: Closest to the sun 2. Venus: Spins opposite way than other planets 3. Earth: Only planet with life 4. Mars: Smaller than Earth, home to largest mountain in our solar system Type of surface: Rocky Size: Smaller Rings: ☐YES NO Gaseous Planets (Furthest from the Sun) 5. Jupiter: Huge storms 6. Saturn: Large rings made of ice and dust 7. Uranus: Rotates sideways 8. Neptune: Methane atmosphere Type of surface: Not solid, just thick atmosphere Size: Larger Rings: YES ☐NO *Some planets have a unique surface characteristic, for example color or an atmospheric storm. *Movement of planets is based on revolution around the Sun and rotation on the planet’s axis. Moons • Orbit (go around) planets • NOT all planets have moons. • Most moons are rocky and covered with craters (big holes) • Movement is caused by the planet they orbit. Asteroids • Mostly rocky and orbit in the Asteroid Belt (between Mars and Jupiter) • Many different sizes and shapes • Movement caused by their orbit around the Sun. • Some asteroids not in the asteroid belt can cross Earth’s orbit; Scientists monitor the positions of these asteroids. Why?? Comets • Comets have 1. Main body or head (ices of water, methane and ammonia and dust) 2. Tail that gets larger as the comet orbits closer to the Sun -Tail always points away from the Sun. *Comets have unique long, narrow elliptical orbit. Meteoroids • Chunks of rock that move around in the solar system. • Called different things based on their location and movement: Called a Meteor – if it burns up in a planet’s atmosphere Called a Meteorite – if it strikes the surface of a planet or moon