Download Responsive Energy

Informing Utilities and Policymakers on
the Customer Side of Smart Grid
Harvey Michaels, Scientist/Lecturer
DUSP Environmental Policy and MITEI
617-253-2084 [email protected] 9-326
Instructor:
Enabling an Energy Efficient Society
Efficiency in US Homes and Buildings
( 71% of all electricity, 54% of all natural gas)
Potential:
–
Est. 50%+ Savings at Lower Cost over 20 years.
–
Without sacrificing comfort or function,
Technology Examples:
–
Home Central AC tune-ups can displace 25000 MW (25 plants) for $12B
–
CFL’s in “recessed cans” will save 5% overall (LED’s 7%)
–
Optimization/storage can reduce peak load AND ENERGY USE by 25%.
Deployment Methods (examples):
–
Smart Grid: Pricing/AMI, and info/behavioral technologies,
–
Rebates/Direct-install: funded by utilities, carbon cap-and-trade,
–
New building codes, upgrade on transfer, appliance standards.
Smart Grid – Utility Private Network Architecture –
utility provides meter-to-devices communication
MDM/Head-end
Utility-side
Utility-network
devices in home
Customer
The Customer Side of AMI: 2 strategies
1: AMI – Responsive Energy Strategy

Price-based demand response, using time-differentiated
rates, which requires AMI.
–
Vision: Customers view data, make choices, in time
automatic response by customers thermostat and other
devices.
2: Smart Grid – Utility Control Strategy

Push-button Control-based demand response – The
Utility monitors and controls end use equipment.
–
Vision: Generation, transmission, distribution, and end
use equipment as part of a single system.
–
Interval meter reads not essential.
Do we want “Smart Grid” - Utility Control?

End use equipment is visible and controllable by the
utility or third party–

“Smart Grid” is more dispatchable (perhaps) and
therefore can replace spinning reserve
….but some find it kind of scary.
Resistance is Futile
Prepare to be Assimilated
Customer Side of Smart Grid = Responsive Energy
Providing consumers with energy diagnostics, feedback, control
I2E
Definition: “Responsive Energy”
“Enable responsive, smart energy environments
that are gracefully integrated with people.” *
SUCH AS: systems for optimizing consumers’ end-use needs
(especially air conditioning, heat, hot water)

based on weather, schedules, and time differentiated costs.
Smart/Responsive energy holds great potential for
displacing the need for other energy resources.

But what will be the ultimate delivery model: utility or
marketplace?

And who will control the “smarts”: utility or customer?
Vision – Web/IP Collaboration of Workspaces-
customer/home
network has access on demand to real time, high frequency meter reads
Utility’s
Web Workspace
MDM
CRM
Utility-side
Device
Workspace
Customer-side
Questions:
Utilities in the Responsive Energy World

Utility-controlled vs. Customer-controlled optimization?

Home network gateway and/or Meter network gateway?

AMI :

–
two way, high bandwidth communications?
–
Meter-to-Home Network Communications?
–
Web Workspaces vs. In-home displays
Working with the Market
Cross-campus Responsive energy research

Intelligent Infrastructure for Energy Efficiency (I2EE) research on
in-building communication methods.

Energy Box - consumer-managed modulation systems.

Behavioral systems to encourage energy efficiency.

Building energy analysis based on control schema.

Evaluating community-level measurement and modulation
systems

Innovation Pathways - for energy efficiency and smart grid.
Customer Control
Utility Control
Control
Customer decisions/control -
HAN optimized by utility Customer opt in/out
Pricing
Time-based - dynamic pricing.
Incentive for participating.
HAN
Owned/purchased by customer.
Possible utility incentives/NCP
Provided by utility/ recovered as
part of regulated filing.
Gateway
HAN via internet.
Meter via proprietary system.
Data
1)To customer via internet.
To customer and utility via
proprietary system
2)To utility via proprietary system
– hourly reads once/day; low
bandwidth.
3) Also Meter directly to home.
Two way and high bandwidth –
Large amounts of data.
Utility Cost
Inexpensive
Expensive
Impacts
Creates efficiency and DR.
Primary impact is DR.
Evaluation/
Indirect - utility provides pricing,
hourly reads, meter to home, and
internet support.
Direct - due to utility control.
Additionality
Market forces create outcomes.
New paradigm for regulators.
Easier for regulator – Like current
load control programs.
Vision - Applications for the Smart Consumer

Utility, thermostat, appliance, Google, etc.
make app.

View on home PC, work PC, TV, cell phone (at
least until next year).
Application ideas:

Make my AC, water heater, pool pump,
refrigerator use pattern smarter.

Find out what anything costs to run.

Choose the best rate for me.

Choose a theme – understand the
consequences- do it (ie. More Green)

Sell a DR option.
Informing Utilities and Policymakers on
the Customer Side of Smart Grid
Harvey Michaels, Scientist/Lecturer
DUSP Environmental Policy and MITEI
617-253-2084 [email protected] 9-326
Instructor:
Enabling an Energy Efficient Society