Download Mod. 70

Unit XIII: Treatment of Abnormal Behavior
By identifying causes & symptomshope to treat disorders (successfully)
Some disorders are treated more effectively than others
Starts w/ex of Kay Jamisenclinical psych & expert on bipolar and diagnosed with disorder
Text gives examples of her symptoms
Mod 70: Introduction to Therapy and Psychodynamic & Humanistic
Pineal & Dix (U.S.) reformers for more human treatment of those w/disorders (esp institutionalized)
Since 1950’s with the introduction of drug therapy & treatment w/in the community seeing the # of
patients institutionalized plummeting
70.1 Introduction to Therapy
Two main approaches
1. Psychotherapy: working w/a therapist to treat psychological discomfort/disorder and to “achieve growth”
Many different types of psychotherapy
Talk therapy can be both individual & group format
[Insurance only pays for a certain amount of treatment each year]
2. Biomedical: use of medication or medical procedure (ECTelectroconvulsive therapy, surgery lobotomy)
that works in some way shape or form on our anatomy/brain/neurotransmitters/brain waves etc
3. Eclectic: is actually a combination of these two approaches
70.2 Psychoanalysist & Psychodynamic Therapy
Freud introduced psychoanalysis: use of dream therapy, hypnosis, free association to uncover repressed thoughts
& counteract them
Goals
To become a healthier/positive person by uncovering all the repress issues from childhood
Make “patient” aware of these repressed conflicts insight
Techniques
Again, emphasizing childhood & uncover repressed conflicts, esp using free association (saying anything that comes
to mind w/out blocking or editing thoughts)
Must overcome resistance: to threatening ideas esp those that makes a person anxious
Therapist will interpret: these blocks OR dreams OR connections that see between ideas/sessions
KEY ISSUE: transference: when the “patient” takes attitudes, feelings about parents or authority figures & project
them onto the therapist
[Positive: positive ways of interacting w/parents are used w/therapist
Negative: unhealthy ways of interacting w/parents are used w/therapist (hostility)]
Psychodynamic Therapy
Def: focus more on current issues & life-functioning & symptoms; goal is to gain perspective
Focus less on childhood and id/ego/super-ego than psychoanalysis
Look for themes throughout life span
In practice talk face to face with “client” [Freud sat behind “patient” so he/she not affected by his
looks/writing etc]
Amount of therapy is at least ½ of psychoanalysis [which is 3 to 4 times a week for up to 7 years or more]
Text has an ex of discussion between psychodynamic therapist & client
Goal  to become aware of oneself
Show history of past troubles and how they may affect one today
Like in relationships history does NOT have to go back to childhood
Interpersonal psychotherapy as little as 12 to 16 sessions
Very effective in treating depression improve current life/relationships & maintaining relationships
[Success w/depression by focusing on interpersonal components
Focus on the following
 Interpersonal disputes/conflicts
 Role transition: transitioning from work to home to family/children to dating, etc
 Grief that extends beyond normal mourning period which has been extended in new
DSM
 Issues w/starting & maintaining personal relationships]
70.3 Humanistic Therapies
Goal
To become a better, fully functioning person gain insight
Def become aware of underlying issues—what is your ideal self? Goal is to meet that ideal self
How do humanistic differ from psychodynamic?
 Goal is to grow in self-fulfillment—become more self-aware
 Client-centered
People not viewed as being ill; do NOT use the word “patient”
 Goal is to take responsibility for own actions, thoughts, feelings etc
Not repressed or shoved into unconscious
 Focus on consciousness
 Focus on the “here & now”
Rogers client-centered therapy: use of active listening and being accepted/unconditional positive regard
Also very nondirective meaning there will be no interpretation/directing like in psychoanalysis/psychodynamic
therapy
The client controls sessionstherapist does not guide/interpret
Therapist is to show unconditional positive regard: being encouraging & accepting no matter what
the client expresses
Goal is to allow client to be authentic or “real”
Active listening: therapist will actually reword & “echo” client’s statements for clarification of his/her ideas AND to
let client know that he/she is being listened to
 Paraphrasing
 Invite clarification
 Reflect feelings of client