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The Acropolis The Acropolis, or fortified hilltop, was built atop a massive limestone hill and dominates the city of Athens, Greece. The Acropolis contains some of the world's most famous structures built in the classical architectural style. These buildings include: The Parthenon The Propylaea The Athena Nike Temple They were constructed during the Golden Age of Athens under the rule of the famous Athenian statesman Pericles. Pericles’ goal was to have the greatest Greek artists and architects create magnificent sculptures and buildings to glorify Athens. The Acropolis in Athens (As it stands today) Map of the Acropolis of Athens The Parthenon The Parthenon is the largest building on top of the Acropolis. It was a temple dedicated to Athena Parthenos, the goddess of wisdom and patron goddess of Athens. It was completely made out of marble. The Parthenon is the most important and characteristic monument of the ancient Greek civilization and still remains its international symbol. The central part of the temple contained the famous statue of Athena. Although the statue is no longer there, it once stood over 30 feet tall and was made of precious materials including gold and ivory. The two pediments of the temple are decorated with mythological scenes: the east, above the building's main entrance, shows the birth of Athena, and the west, the fight between Athena and Poseidon for the name of the city of Athens. The Propylaea The Propylaea is the monumental gateway that serves as the entrance to the Acropolis in Athens. The word propylaia is the prefix pro (before or in front of) plus the plural of the Greek pylon or pylaion (gate), meaning literally that which is before the gates, but the word has come to mean simply gate building. It may have been topped with a statue or symbol, likely of Athena. The Athena Nike Temple The temple of Athena Nike, also known as Athena of Victory, sits southwest of the Propylaea. Made completely of marble, its small size was compensated for in its position, resting on a rocky outcrop, purposely positioned so the Athenian people could worship the goddess of victory in hope of prosperous outcomes in the war's endeavors. The decision to build Athena Nike was an expression of Athens's ambitions to be a world power as opposed to Persia. (As a result of the outbreak of the Peloponnesian War between Athens and Sparta in 431 BC, the Propylaea was never completed. Not only are the eastern wings missing, the wall surfaces were not trimmed to their finished shapes, and lifting bosses remain on many blocks.) – use as set on Monday – Peloponnesian War Also bring up on Monday – other city states angry b/c used Delian League money to fund flourishing