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Arthropod Flip ‘n go Name 6 general characteristics of ALL ARTHROPODS Invertebrates True coelomates Bilateral symmetry protostomes Segmentation cephalization Open circulation Ventral nerve cord Jointed appendages Exoskeleton (molting) Compound eye Tiny tubules that carry sperm _____________ Vas deferens The word ARTHROPODA means outside skeleton marine jointed foot with pinchers Jointed foot Name a class of Arthropods you learned about Crustacea, Arachnida, Chilipoda, Diplopoda, Insecta This organism belongs to the class _________________ Arachnida #12 =? swimmerets Image from: http://rcs.rome.ga.us/hargett/biology/arthpod/craydia.htm protostomes Arthropods are _____________ because their blastopore becomes their mouth. Crayfish are called DECAPODS because they have _____________ 10 legs Tell one way crayfish are SIMILAR to earthworms. Both have/are: dorsal heart/ventral nerve cord cerebral ganglia segmented body eucoelomates cephalization external fertilization 2 part stomach (crop/gizzard : cardiac/pyloric) invertebrates protostomes have heart to pump blood sexual reproduction bilateral symmetry Respiratory organ in a crayfish gills The large pincher claws on a crayfish are called __________________ Chelipeds (key-luh-peds) The larva found in arthropods with 3 pairs of appendages and an eye in the middle of its head nauplius Crayfish, lobsters, and crabs belong to the class of arthropods called ___________________ crustaceans Tell two ways a crayfish is LIKE a clam •Have a heart & OPEN circulatory system •Have adductor muscles •Bilateral symmetry •Both are eucoelomates •Both are protostomes • have gills for respiration •Indirect development (start as larvae) •Sexual reproduction #2 = ? Green glands Image from: http://biog-101-104.bio.cornell.edu/BioG101_104/tutorials/animals/crayfish.html #2 is part of the __________ excretory system #4 is part of the __________ nervous system. Type of symmetry seen in arthropods bilateral The name CRUSTACEAN comes from the Latin word CRUSTA which means ____________ shell Crayfish belong to the Animalia Kingdom ________________ Arthropoda Phylum ________________ Crustacea Class ___________________ Eye composed of many individual light detectors each with its own lens Compound eye female This crayfish is a ___________ male female Image from: http://biog-101-104.bio.cornell.edu/BioG101_104/tutorials/animals/crayfish.html The process in which the exoskeleton is shed periodically is ______________ molting Type of circulatory system found in crayfish open open closed Organ that secretes digestive enzymes and absorbs nutrients in a crayfish Digestive gland The portion of the crayfish’s stomach found closest to the mouth Cardiac stomach Crayfish have gills and spiders have ________________ Book lungs The head and thorax of a crayfish are fused into one segment called the cephalothorax _________________ A larger body segment made by the fusion of smaller body segments Tagma (pl. tagmata) An example of a tagma in crayfish cephalothorax is the _________________ Pincher-like mouthparts found in Arachnids Chelicera (kuh-li-sera) freshwater Crayfish live in ______________ fresh water ocean water Fertilized eggs and immature larva are carried on the crayfish female’s swimmerets ______________ The paddle-like segment in the center of a crayfish’s tail is the __________ telson The swimmerets in a crayfish are attached to this body segment. abdomen The fan-like sections on either side of the telson in a crayfish’s tail uropods Green glands, nephridia, Malpighian tubules and coxal glands are all ___________ excretory organs. Respiratory digestive excretory reproductive The appendage which chews the food in a crayfish mandible Tell two ways crayfish and starfish are ALIKE • have an open circulatory system • the digestive gland absorbs nutrients • have separate sexes • use calcium carbonate to make outsides hard • ganglia connect to a nerve cord • both are eucoelomates • have ability to regenerate lost parts • 2 part stomach (cardiac & pyloric) • external fertilization • Indirect development (start as a larva) • Digestive gland makes digestive enzymes • can do sexual reproduction Tell two ways CRAYFISH & EARTHWORMS are different CRAYFISH Separate sexes Indirect development Nauplius larva Mother keeps embryos on body Green glands for excretory Gills to exchange gases Open circulation EARTHWORMS hermaphrodites direct development no larva eggs/embryos left in cocoon Nephridia for excretory exchange gases thru skin Closed circulation Crayfish appendage used for taste and touch antenna This appendage keeps water moving over the gills Posterior maxilla (bailers) & walking legs The crayfish appendage which is used to capture food and for defense cheliped If the first 2 pair of swimmerets on your crayfish bend upward toward the male thorax in a V-shape, it is a _________ female male Crayfish appendage that is used for touch, taste, and equilibrium antennule dorsal Crayfish have a __________ heart. ventral dorsal Crayfish appendage that moves water over the gills and helps to manipulate food maxilla eucoelomates Arthropods are__________________ Acoelomates pseudocoelomates eucoelomates Tell two ways CRAYFISH & STARFISH are different CRAYFISH STARFISH Protostomes Only sexual reproduction Nauplius larva Mother keeps embryos on body Cardiac stomach stays inside Cephalization Cerebral ganglia /ventral nerve cord Green glands for excretory deuterostomes sexual & asexual bipinnaria larva eggs/embryos left cardiac stomach everts to eat no cephalization no cerebral ganglia nerve ring/radial nerves no actual excretory organ nitrogen waste- thru skin gills exchange gases thru skin gills no heart Gills to exchange gases Heart to pump blood Which SUBPHYLUM of arthropods is EXTINCT? TRILOBITA These tiny extensions are located all over the surface of the exoskeleton and sense vibrations and chemicals in the water. Sensory hairs Crayfish appendage used in locomotion Walking legs The single tough covering over the cephalothorax in a crayfish is carapace called the ____________ Tell two ways CRAYFISH & CLAMS are different CRAYFISH CLAMS Nauplius larva Mother keeps embryos on body 2 part stomach Cephalization Cerebral ganglia /ventral nerve cord Green glands for excretory trochophore larva eggs/embryos left behind 1 part stomach no cephalization 3 pair ganglia /2 pr nerve cords Kidney for excretory Excretory organ in a crayfish Green gland The teeth of a crayfish are located stomach in its _______________ mouth stomach intestine A B C Type of larva found in arthropods B (nauplius) A = bipinnaria seen in echinoderms C = trochophore seen in mollusks Trochophore image: http://www.okc.cc.ok.us/biologylabs/Documents/Evolution/Trochophore_larva.htm Nauplius image: http://www.micrographia.com/specbiol/crustac/copepo/cope0100/cycnaup1.htm These appendages circulate water and help in reproduction swimmerets A coelom filled with hemolymph is hemocoel called a _____________ in animals with open circulation The concentration of the nervous system including sensory organs in the anterior end of an animal is called _________________ cephalization The ability to regrow lost body parts is called ______________ regeneration T OR F Crayfish can regrow their tails if they are lost. False. Crayfish can only regenerate appendages and eyes. The two main body regions in a crayfish Cephalothorax and abdomen Crayfish have green glands and spiders have __________________ Malpighian tubules 8 legs Spiders have ___ Reproductive organ that makes eggs ovary T OR F Crayfish are hermaphrodites False; they have separate sexes The appendage in a SPIDER that aids in holding food and chewing is the ______________ pedipalps The poison fangs in a spider are chelicera called ______________ The holes in the crayfish’s heart where hemolymph reenters are ostia Called ____________ Ostia movie: http://www.gsu.edu/~bioasx/heartbeat.html The ability of an organism to “self ampute” or drop off parts for defense or repair is called _____________________ autotomy Spiders, scorpions, and ticks belong to the class of arthropods called Arachnida _______________ The gills in a crayfish are attached Walking legs to the tops of the _____________ Type of skeleton found in arthropods exoskeleton Image from: http://crayfish.byu.edu/crayfish_biology.htm Female This crayfish is a ____________ male female Eggs on swimmerets Insects are arthropods with __ 6 legs Crustaceans are the only arthropods antennae with 2 pairs of _____________ Name a way spiders use silk Catch prey wrap prey build nests protect eggs Swing through the air The structure through which silk is released on a spider. spinnerets These nerves connect the brain to the __________________ Ventral nerve cord Image from: http://www.aa.psu.edu/div/mns/biology/crayfish/crayfishtable.htm What is the difference between antenna and antennules in a crayfish? Antennules are smaller; both can sense touch and taste but antennules used in equilibrium The portion of the exoskeleton that sticks out like a visor at the anterior end of a crayfish between the eyes rostrum Crayfish appendage used for taste, touch, and to manipulate food maxilliped The walking legs in a crayfish are attached to this body section. cephalothorax The muscles that attach to the exoskeleton at the anterior end and run underneath to control the mouth parts adductors Organ that makes sperm testes The anus in a crayfish is located on the ______________ telson #3 = ? abdomen Image from: http://biog-101-104.bio.cornell.edu/BioG101_104/tutorials/animals/crayfish.html This free swimming larva seen in arthropods nauplius Name 3 appendages in a crayfish Antenna, antennules, chelipeds, maxilla, mandibles, maxillipeds, walking legs, swimmmerets Tell one way crayfish are DIFFERENT from spiders Crayfish have chelipeds green glands swimmerets maxillipeds gills instead of book lungs 10 legs 2 pair of antenna Spiders chelicera (fangs)/poison spinnerets (spin silk) Malpighian tubules pedipalps book lungs instead of gills 8 legs no antenna Match the part with its BODY SYSTEM digestive Gastric mill _________________ Vas deferens __________________ reproductive excretory Green glands _________________ Ostia __________________ circulatory Gills __________________ Respiratory & excretory excretory Malpighian tubules _________________ Match the part with its BODY SYSTEM respiratory Trachea/spiracles _________________ ovary __________________ reproductive circulatory arteries _________________ Book lungs __________________ respiratory Adductor muscles __________________ muscular Digestive (not excretory) anus _________________ Crayfish excrete their nitrogen waste in the form of _____________. ammonia Ammonia urea uric acid Organ that makes sperm testes Compare Crayfish # of legs 10 Respiratory organs Gills Excretory organs Green glands Type of Legs Spiders Insects 8 6 book lungs Trachea/spiracles OR trachea/spiracles Biramous Malpighian tubules uniramous Malpighian tubules uniramous Compare Crayfish Body segments Cephalothorax Abdomen Spiders Insects Cephalothorax Head, thorax, Abdomen & abdomen Antenna? 2 pairs of Antenna NO antenna 1 pair of antenna Mouth parts Mandible, maxillae, Maxillipeds chelicera, pedipalps mandible, maxillae labium, labrum 8 simple eyes compound eyes Eyes Compound eyes Compare Digestive and Nitrogen waste DIGESTIVE WASTE NITROGEN WASTE Made where? In digestive tract By body cells Comes from? Left over from undigested food Removed by what body system? Leaves body as? Digestive Feces breakdown of proteins during metabolism Excretory ammonia, urea, OR uric acid Match the FUNCTION with the body part Teeth in stomach to Gastric mill grind and mash food _________________ Vas deferens Carry sperm __________________ Excrete nitrogen waste Green _________________ glands & gills Exchange gases in gills crayfish __________________ Sense taste, touch, & antennules equilibrium __________________ Match the FUNCTION with the body part Absorbs nutrients in a crayfish _________________ Digestive gland ovary Produce eggs __________________ Excrete excess water _________________ Green glands Used to capture food & cheliped for defense __________________ Sense taste, touch Antennae, antennules, maxillipeds __________________________________ Match the FUNCTION with the body part Produce sperm _________________ testes Chew food in a mandible crayfish __________________ Make digestive enzymes _________________ digestive glands Respiratory organ in Book lungs spiders __________________ Create water currents Maxillae, swimmerets, walking legs __________________________________ Match the FUNCTION with the body part swimmerets Transfer sperm to female _______________ Locomotion __________________ Walking legs rostrum Protects eyes _________________ Excretory organs in spiders __________________ Malpighian tubules Tail side sections that help with tail flips __________________ uropods Match the FUNCTION with the body part Carry eggs/embryos in crayfish _______________ swimmerets chelicera Fangs in spider __________________ Cover and protect gills _________________ carapace Receive sensory info from antenna, antennules, sensory hairs Cerebral _______________ ganglia Carry nerve messages to body __________________ Ventral nerve cord Match the FUNCTION with the body part Aid in holding food pedipalps & chewing in a spider _______________ spinnerets Release silk in a spider _________________ Vision in crayfish _________________ Compound eye Respiratory organs in Trachea & spiracles insects __________________ Let hemolymph back into crayfish heart _______________ ostia Match the FUNCTION with the body part chelicera Fangs in spiders _______________ Protects gills __________________ carapace heart Pumps hemolymph _________________ Carry blood away from heart __________________ arteries Carry digestive waste to anus __________________ intestine Body system that makes hormones which control other body organs? ENDOCRINE Tell one function controlled by the endocrine system in a crayfish? Molting, sexual development, heart rate Give an example of a CRUSTACEAN Crayfish, crabs, lobsters, shrimp Give an example of an ARACHNID Spider, tick, scorpion, mite PRACTICE VOCAB: Malpighian tubules Hollow projections of the digestive tract in arachnids and some insects that collect and remove nitrogen waste _____________________ Paired sacs with many folds that resemble the pages of a book in the abdomen of arachnids that function in gas exchange ____________________ Book lungs Excretory organs in crayfish that _____________________ Green glands remove excess water and nitrogen waste PRACTICE VOCAB: Joining of an egg & sperm outside the female’s body ____________________ External fertilization Kind of development in which offspring are born/hatch looking Direct development like their parents only smaller ____________________ Kind of circulatory system in which blood is contained inside vessels closed __________________ cheliped Large pincher claw on a crayfish __________________ PRACTICE VOCAB: tracheae System of tubes in spiders that ___________________ carry air directly to the tissues through openings in the exoskeleton Appendages that manipulate maxilla food and draw water ___________________ currents over the gills in a crayfish Openings in the exoskeleton that let air into the trachea _____________________ spiracles PRACTICE VOCAB: vertebrate Organism with a backbone ____________________ Organism whose blastopore protostome becomes its mouth ____________________ Process of occasionally shedding _______________ molting the exoskeleton of an arthropod so the organism can grow bigger Larger body section made by fusing smaller sections together Tagma __________________ pl. Tagmata PRACTICE VOCAB: Maintaining the correct balance of water and ____________________ osmoregulation ions in the body Appendages that aid in holding food and chewing ____________________ pedipalps in an ARACHNID Structures on the abdomen of a spider that release silk _____________________ spinnerets PRACTICE VOCAB: Joining of an egg & sperm inside the female’s body ____________________ Internal fertilization Kind of development in which development offspring hatch as larva and must Indirect ____________________ undergo metamorphosis to become adults Kind of circulatory system in which open blood is NOT contained in vessels __________________ and flows loose inside the coelom eye made of many individual light detectors each with its own lens Compound eye ______________________ PRACTICE VOCAB: invertebrate Organism without a backbone ____________________ Organism whose blastopore deuterostome becomes its anus ____________________ Parts that extend from the appendages surface of the body like arms, legs, __________________ antenna, maxillipeds Pincer-like mouth parts seen chelicera in spiders, scorpions, ticks __________________ PRACTICE VOCAB: Body cavity formed within the mesoderm that surrounds the internal organs ____________________ coelom Chewing mouthparts seen in crustaceans and insects ____________________ mandibles Outside body covering in an animal __________________ integument Free-swimming larva of crustaceans nauplius with one eye and multiple appendages ______________ PRACTICE VOCAB: telson Center section of a crayfish’s tail ________________________ swimmerets Small appendages on the abdomen ______________________ of a crayfish that create water currents and help in reproduction Large “feelers” on the head of a crayfish that sense touch and taste Body section posterior to the cephalothorax antenna __________________ Abdomen ________________________ PRACTICE VOCAB: The concentration of nervous tissue and sensory organs in the anterior end of an animal cephalization ____________________ In animals the body plan where the Bilateral left and right sides are mirror images symmetry of each other ____________________ Body section made by fusion of the head and thorax __________________ cephalothorax Organisms with 10 legs decapods __________________ PRACTICE VOCAB: uropods Side sections of a crayfish’s tail ____________________ that help in “tailflips” Term used to describe a female crayfish carrying eggs or larvae “In berry” ____________________ carapace Section of exoskeleton that __________________ covers the cephalothorax in a crayfish Open circulation Type of circulation in which __________________ hemolymph is NOT contained in blood vessels and flows loose inside the body spaces PRACTICE VOCAB: chelicera “fangs” in a spider ____________________ Skeleton on the outside of the body exoskeleton ____________________ Holes in the crayfish’s heart __________________ ostia that allow the return of blood Pincer-like mouth parts seen chelicera in spiders, scorpions, ticks __________________ PRACTICE VOCAB: arteries Blood vessels that carry blood ________________________ away from the heart cardiac Stomach closest to the mouth ______________________ Gastric mill Teeth in the stomach of a __________________ crayfish that help grind food Organisms with “jointed legs” Arthropods ________________________ PRACTICE VOCAB: veins Blood vessels that carry blood back ________________________ to the heart Vas deferens Tiny tubules that ______________________ carry sperm leg with 2 branches biramous __________________ Nitrogen containing POLYSACCHARIDE that makes ________________________ the exoskeleton on arthropods sturdy but flexible chitin
