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M602 Review Questions For All Units 1. What is the opposite of expansion? Contraction. 2. Who defined the laws of gravity in detail? Sir Isaac Newton. 3. How is force measured? By weight. 4. In the following sentence, what word(s) is being defined? Torque, a twisting or turning, is demonstrated when you place your hand at the end of a wrench to tighten or loosen a nut. Torque. The commas signal a definition. 5. How do we make our cars run more efficiently? Changing the oil, etc. 6. How many laws of motion did Newton have? Three. 7. What is the unit of power commonly used in engineering? Horsepower. 8. What are three types of friction? Static, sliding, and rolling. 9. What does friction allow us to do? Walk, move, stop. 10. What is the origin of horsepower? James Watt wanted to compare the power of an engine to that of a horse. 11. What are the three states of matter? Solid, liquid, and gas. 12. What are two types of scales? Spring and balance. 13. Why was the balance scale invented? Because of the lack of accuracy of the spring scale. 14. What kind of motion always has constant speed? Uniform motion. 15. In the following sentence what word is being defined and what signals the definition. Energy is defined as the ability to do work. Energy; is defined as 16. What is the difference between speed and velocity? Speed refers to how fast on object is moving or how far the object will travel in a specific time. Velocity denotes both the speed of an object and the direction the object moves. 17. Give an example of potential energy and kinetic energy. Potential energy exists within a rock resting on the edge of a cliff or water behind a dam. Kinetic energy exists when the rock is pushed off the cliff or the gate of the dam is opened causing the water to flow. 18. What appears to be the most important type of force? Gravitational Force. 19. Which of the two basic scales uses a fulcrum point? The balanced scale. 20. What are three forms of energy? Electrical, Mechanical, Chemical, Radiant, and Nuclear. 21. What is the equation for work in the USA? Work = Force x Distance. Force is expressed in pounds and distance is expressed in feet. 22. Why is the first hill of the roller coaster ride the highest? Because the cars are pulled up the first hill by machinery, but continue by gravitational force. 23. What happens to a body when heat is applied to it? Heat causes the expansion of a body. 24. What does an atom contain? Neutrons, protons, and electrons. 25. What is the cause in the following sentence. Friction leads to wear. Friction. 26. What is the effect in the following sentence? The object was moved, so work was accomplished. Work was accomplished. 27. On how many sides of a container does a confined gas apply pressure? All sides of the container. 28. What is the property that neither liquids nor solids have? The ability to expand indefinitely. 29. What is the unit of measurement for force in the USA? Pounds. 30. What is the unit of measurement for distance in the United States? Feet. 31. What is the measurement for work in the USA? Foot-pounds. 32. What is the formula for acceleration? Acceleration = change in motion/ time 33. What is the formula for velocity? Velocity = rate of motion or average speed/ time 34. What is the formula for speed? Speed = distance/ time 35. What is the formula for work? Work = force x distance 36. What is the formula for power? Power = work/time 37. True or False: Torque is a measure of load in pound-feet or pound-inches. True. 38. True or False: The principles of moments is used to determine the balance of an aircraft in weight and balance calculations. True. 39. True or False: The closer the force is from the axis, the greater is the tendency to rotate the body about its axis. False: The farther the force is from the axis… 40. True or False: When applying two forces in the same direction but at different points on a body, they are parallel forces. True. 41. True or False: The tendency to produce rotation when, for instance, you place your hand at the end of a wrench when trying to tighten or loosen a nut, is a moment of force or friction. False: The tendency to produce rotation when, for instance, you place your hand at the end of a wrench when trying to tighten or loosen a nut, is a moment of force, or torque. 42. True or False: In order to get any work done, energy must make something move. False: In order to get any work done, force must make something move. 43. True or False: A gasoline engine and typewriter are machines, but a hammer, screwdriver, and ship’s wheel are not. False: All are machines because a machine is any device that helps you to do work. 44. True or False: When you want a machine to run smoothly and at high efficiency, you add as much friction as possible by oiling and greasing bearings and honing and smoothing rubbing surfaces. False: You eliminate as much friction as possible. 45. True or False: The amount of friction depends upon the nature of the two surfaces and the forces that bring them apart. False: The nature of the two surfaces and the forces that hold them together. 46. True or False: A lubricant reduces frictional resistance and cuts down on wear. True. 47. Can a machine be used for transforming energy, transferring energy, multiplying force, multiplying speed, and changing the direction of force? Yes. 48. Why can no machine be 100% efficient? Because of friction. 49. True or False: Work is using force to move an object from one point to another? True. 50. In the following sentence what is the word being defined and what signals that definition? Force is any action which tends to produce, retard, or modify motion, or change the shape on an object. Force, is 51. True or False: Direction is important to both speed and velocity. False: Direction is only important to velocity.