Download File - WORLD HISTORY with Mrs. Sarvo

The Islamic World Chapter 6
The World of Islam I can statements
•
I can:
•
Identify and explain the origins and expansion of
Islam and the creation of the Islamic Empire
including:
» Geography
» their artistic, scientific, technological, and economic
features
» diverse religious traditions of Islam — Sunni,
Shi’a/Shi’ite, Sufi’s
» It’s role as a cultural, political, and economic force in
Afro-Eurasia
» the caliphate as both a religious and political institution
» religious and political opposition
Who’s up first?
•
•
•
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Christians or Jews?
Christians or Muslims
Crusades or The split in the Christian Religion
Fall of the Roman Empire or Beginning of
Muslim Conquest
• Constantine founds Constantinople or Islamic
forces conquer Spain
Asking questions before you
read helps you read more
effectively.
Let’s practice….
After the domestication of the camel, the trade
routes of the Arabs expanded. Communities
prospered, but tension among rich and poor
increased. Pg. 188
• Who were the Arabs?
• How did the camel help trade expand?
• Why did tension among the rich and poor increase?
The revelations of Muhammad led to the creation
of the Islamic religion. Pg. 189
• Who was Muhammad?
• How and when did Muhammad create a religion?
• What is the basis of the Islamic religion?
Islam, like Christianity and Judaism, is a
monotheistic religion. Islam is also both a set of
religious beliefs and a way of life. Pg. 191
• How is Islam like Christianity and
Judaism?
• What are the religious beliefs of Islam?
• How is Islam more than just a set of
beliefs but a away of life?
Growing trade and favorable geography allowed
both urban and rural areas to flourish during the
period of the Arab Empire. Pg. 200
•
•
•
•
What goods were traded and with whom?
What was favorable about the geography?
How did urban areas flourish?
How did rural areas flourish?
According to Islamic teaching, all groups are equal
under the eyes of Allah. However, this was not
strictly the case in the Arab world. Pg. 202
• What groups were not treated as equals
in the Arab world?
Islamic advancements in philosophy, science, and history
contributed to the world’s knowledge. Pg. 204
• What advancements were made in
philosophy?
• What advancements were made in science?
• What advancements in history contributed to
the world’s knowledge?
The Rubaiyat and the 1001 Nights are two major early
Islamic works of literature that are still enjoyed today.
Pg. 206
• What is the Rubaiyat and why is it significant?
• What is the 1001 Nights and why is it significant?
Muslim art and architecture reflect the spiritual glory of
Islam. Pg. 207
• What is considered Muslim architecture and how
does it reflect the spiritual glory of Islam?
• What is considered Muslim art and how does it
reflect the spiritual glory of Islam?
After the domestication of the camel, the trade
routes of the Arabs expanded. Communities
prospered, but tension among rich and poor
increased. Pg. 188
• Who were the Arabs?
– nomads, Semitic-speaking people who lived on the
Arabian Peninsula. They were polytheistic but their
supreme God was Allah. They trace their ancestors to
Abraham and worship the house that he built in
Mecca called the Kaaba
• How did the camel help trade expand?
– they were good animals for the desert climate and
allowed them to caravan goods between the Indian
Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea. Cities developed
along the trade routes.
• Why did tension among the rich and poor increase?
– the wealthy merchants did not care about the poor
The revelations of Muhammad led to the creation
of the Islamic religion. Pg. 189
• Who was Muhammad?
– Orphan born in Mecca grew up and became a
caravan manager. He became the religious and
political leader of Arab Islamic world.
• How and when did Muhammad create a religion?
– 600s AD he received the revelations of God from the
angel Gabriel. He was a prophet just like Moses and
Jesus and his revelations became the holy book of
Islam, the Quran. He gained followers by preaching
his word.
• What is the basis of the Islamic religion?
– Islam means “peace through submission,” there is
only one God- Allah and Muhammad is his prophet.
Islam, like Christianity and Judaism, is a
monotheistic religion. Islam is also both a set of
religious beliefs and a way of life. Pg. 191
• How is Islam like Christianity and Judaism?
– Each have a holy book, believe in some of the same profits, one
god, shared history, sacred sites, code for behavior
• What are the religious beliefs of Islam?
– 5 Pillars
• 1. Belief
• 2. Prayer
3. Charity
4. Fasting
5. Pilgrimage
• How is Islam more than just a set of beliefs but a away of
life?
– Shari ah law
– Following the 5 pillars is a life style
Growing trade and favorable geography allowed
both urban and rural areas to flourish during the
period of the Arab Empire. Pg. 200
• What goods were traded?
– Africa- gold, ivory, and slaves
China- silk and porcelain
Southeast Asia and India- spices and sandalwood
• What was favorable about the geography?
– It had good soils and was located at the crossroads of three
continents
• How did urban areas flourish?
– Development of banking and coins made trade easier which led
to build up of cities
• How did rural areas flourish?
– Many farmers throughout the empire were able to keep their way
of life.
According to Islamic teaching, all groups are equal
under the eyes of Allah. However, this was not
strictly the case in the Arab world. Pg. 202
• What groups were not treated as equals in the Arab world?
– Slaves- not allowed to be Muslim they were purchased or won in
battles
– Women- this was more of an Arabic tradition than stated in the Quran
Hijab
Burka
Chador
Islamic advancements in philosophy, science, and history
contributed to the world’s knowledge. Pg. 204
• What advancements were made in
philosophy?
– Translated ancient works from
Greece and Rome, wrote
commentaries on them
• What advancements were made in
science?
– Numerical system, algebra, astrolabe
made sea travel possible, Astronomy, the
world is round
• What advancements in history
contributed to the world’s knowledge?
– Historians recorded and kept books along
with interpretations
The Rubaiyat and the 1001 Nights are two major early
Islamic works of literature that are still enjoyed today. Pg.
206
• What is the Rubaiyat and why
is it significant?
– Collection of poetry
• What is the 1001 Nights and
why is it significant?
– Collection of folktales, fables,
and romances
Both were told orally before
being written down and have
influenced Arabic writers
Muslim art and architecture reflect the spiritual glory of
Islam. Pg. 207
• What is considered Muslim
architecture and how does it
reflect the spiritual glory of
Islam?
– Mosques, palaces/castles,
pillars, minuets
• What is considered Muslim art
and how does it reflect the
spiritual glory of Islam?
– Arabic letters, natural plants,
abstract figures, Arabesque
(repeated geometric patterns)
Main Idea: Islam grew under the rule of Muhammad’s
successors, but there was constant tension over
choosing who should run the empire.
• Question 1- How were the successors to Muhammad
chosen?
• Question 2- How did Islam grow under the successors to
Muhammad?
• Question 3- Why was there tension over who should run
the empire?
Main Idea: Under the rule of the Umayyad and Abbasid
dynasties, the Islamic Empire made many conquests and
experienced prosperity, but there were internal struggles
that led to the division of the religious and political empire.
• Question 1- Umayyad
• Question 2- Abbasid
• Question 3- Internal struggles led to division
Main Idea: The divided Islamic Empire was weak and
vulnerable to outside forces such as the Seljuk Turks,
Christians, and Mongols.
• Seljuk Turks
• Christians
• Mongols