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Slide 1 CHAPTER 25 Hormones ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ PowerPoint® Lectures for Essential Biology, Third Edition – Neil Campbell, Jane Reece, and Eric Simon Essential Biology with Physiology, Second Edition – Neil Campbell, Jane Reece, and Eric Simon ___________________________________ Lectures by Chris C. Romero ___________________________________ Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings ___________________________________ Slide 2 ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ Slide 3 ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ Slide 4 ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ Slide 5 ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ Slide 6 Hormones: An Overview ___________________________________ • The endocrine system – Is the body’s main system for internal chemical regulation. • Hormones – Are regulatory chemicals that affect specific sites in the body. – Are made and secreted by endocrine glands. ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings ___________________________________ Slide 7 Hormone Secretion from an Endocrine Cell •A cell within the endocrine gland secretes hormone molecules ___________________________________ ___________________________________ •The hormone is carried by the circulatory system to all cells of the body ___________________________________ •The hormone only affects target cells ___________________________________ ___________________________________ Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings Figure 25.2 ___________________________________ ___________________________________ Slide 8 Hormones Trigger Changes in Target Cells ___________________________________ • There are two general mechanisms by which hormones trigger changes in target cells. ___________________________________ • In the first mechanism, ___________________________________ – Hormones bring about changes without ever entering their target cells. – These hormones are protein hormones – Example: insulin ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings ___________________________________ Slide 9 Hormones Trigger Changes in Target Cells ___________________________________ • In the second mechanism, – Hormones trigger changes by binding to receptors inside the cell. – These are lipid-soluble hormones – Ex: sex hormones ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings ___________________________________ Slide 10 ___________________________________ The Human Endocrine System • The human endocrine system consists of about a dozen major glands. ___________________________________ • The major endocrine glands in humans ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings ___________________________________ Slide 11 ___________________________________ The Pancreas • The pancreas – Produces two hormones that play important roles in managing the body’s energy supplies. ___________________________________ ___________________________________ • Insulin and glucagon – Help maintain a homeostatic balance of blood glucose and stored glucose. – Are antagonists. • Control of blood glucose and stored glucose is carried out by negative feedback. ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings ___________________________________ ___________________________________ Slide 12 ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ Figure 25.11 ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ Slide 13 • Diabetes mellitus – Is a hormonal disease in which body cells are unable to absorb glucose. – Includes type 1, or insulin-dependent diabetes, and type 2, or non-insulin-dependent diabetes. – Can be treated. ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings ___________________________________
