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Electrical Generation and Transmission Generating Electricity Can use a magnetic field to produce an electric current Electromagnetic induction = process of generating a current by moving an electrical conductor relative to a magnetic field (discovered by Farraday – 1831) Ex. Moving a magnet through a solenoid creating a current Generators =A device that converts mechanical energy to electrical energy Ex. Generator used in a snowstorm Rotates a coil of wire in a magnetic field Types of generators AC = Alternating current generator – charges produced flow in one direction first, then the other direction DC = Direct current generator – charges produce a direct current Transformers Transformer = a device that increases or decreases the voltage and current of two linked AC currents How works? – induces a magnetic field in one coil which then induces an alternating current in another coil with a different number of turns. Step up transformer increase voltage in transmission line Step up transformer Goes from low number of coils on side where voltage comes in and high number of coils where voltage is going out How do you know how much voltage gets stepped up? 10 coils 5 coils 120 volts 5 coils x 10 coils 120 volts X Cross multiply and solve for X Volts out = ? Solve for X X = 240 volts Step Down Transformers Step down transformer Goes from high number of coils on left (high voltage in) to a low number of coils on right (low voltage out) How do you know how much voltage gets stepped down? 20 coils 1000 volts 20 X 1000 Volts 20 X = 10000 10 X 10 coils Voltage out = ? Solve for X X = 10000 20 X = 500 volts So how does power get to your house??
