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Sun-Solar System Connection
Strategic Roadmap #10
Interim Report
April 15, 2005
• External and Internal Factors
• Roadmap Objectives and Research Focus Areas
• Implementation
• Integration with other NASA Roadmaps
• Education and Public Outreach
• Roadmap Summary
• Other Information
Sun-Solar System Connection Roadmap:
Knowledge for Exploration
Explore the Sun-Earth system to understand the
• Sun and its effects on Earth,
• the solar system,
• the space environmental conditions that will be experienced by
human explorers, and
• demonstrate technologies that can improve future operational
systems
External and Internal Factors
• Our society needs space weather knowledge to function
efficiently
• Human beings require space weather predictions to work
productively and efficiently in space
• We are poised to provide knowledge and
predictive understanding of the system
A recent Sun-Solar System Case Study
Space Storms at Earth
Disturbed Mars-Space &
Atmospheric Loss
Dangerous
Radiation
Space Storms at
the Outer Planets
Disturbed Upper
Atmosphere
Solar System
Blast Wave
NASA’s fleet of scientific spacecraft formed one “Great Observatory”, providing a
system level view as this space weather front moved outward from its solar source
to drive space storms at Earth, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn and finally to an
encounter with the outer boundary of the heliosphere many months later.
The huge scale and extreme conditions bred by such events highlight the
importance of carefully targeted observations to understand system elements and
serve as model inputs for predicting space weather conditions for future explorers
and Earth-based society. These are the tasks addressed by SRM #10.
Factors of 10 are a major observational challenge: meters or 10’s of km in ionosphere, 100’s in magnetosphere and at solar surface,
1000’s for CME lift-off and space storms, several AU for CME propagation.
Our work over the past
few decades have taught
us enough about our
local space environment
to know that our task to
produce reliable space
weather predictions is a
formidable challenge.
For a striking view of the vast differences in scale sizes to be understood and monitored, play the movie at: http://sun.stanford.edu/roadmap/NewZoom2.mov
Sun Solar System Connection
Strategic Roadmap #10
Interim Report
April 15, 2005
• External and Internal Factors
• Roadmap Objectives and Research Focus Areas
• Implementation
• Integration with other NASA Roadmaps
• Education and Public Outreach
• Roadmap Summary
• Other Information
Sun-Solar System Connection
Science Objectives:
Explore the Sun-Earth system to understand the Sun
and its effects …
Open the Frontier to Space Environment Prediction
Understand the fundamental physical processes of the space environment
– from the Sun to Earth, to other planets, and beyond to the interstellar
medium
Understand the Nature of Our Home in Space
Understand how human society, technological systems, and the habitability
of planets are affected by solar variability and planetary magnetic fields
Safeguard Our Outbound Journey
Maximize the safety and productivity of human and
robotic explorers by developing the capability to
predict the extreme and dynamic conditions in space
Sun-Solar System Connection Science Objectives
NASA Strategic Objective: Explore the Sun-Earth system to understand the Sun and its effects on the Earth,
the solar system, and the space environmental conditions that will be experienced by human explorers
Open the Frontier to Space Environment Prediction
Understand the fundamental physical processes of the
space environment – from the Sun to Earth, to other
planets, and beyond to the interstellar medium
Understand the Nature of Our Home in Space
Understand how human society, technological
systems, and the habitability of planets are affected
by solar variability and planetary magnetic fields
Safeguard Our Outbound Journey
Maximize the safety and productivity of human and
robotic explorers by developing the capability to
predict the extreme and dynamic conditions in space
Open the Frontier to Space Weather Prediction
1) Understand magnetic reconnection as
revealed in solar flares, coronal mass
ejections, and geospace storms
2) Understand the plasma processes that
accelerate and transport particles
throughout the solar system
3) Understand how nonlinear interactions
transfer energy and momentum within
planetary upper atmospheres.
4) Determine how solar, stellar, and
planetary magnetic dynamos are created
and why they vary.
5) Understand the role of cross-scale
coupling in creating plasma boundaries
and the significance of boundaries in
controlling physical processes
Understand the Nature of our Home in Space
1) Understand the causes and subsequent
evolution of activity that affects Earth’s
space climate and environment
2) Understand changes in the Earth’s
magnetosphere, ionosphere, and upper
atmosphere to enable specification,
prediction, and mitigation of their effects
3) Understand the Sun's role as an energy
source to the Earth’s atmosphere,
particularly the role of solar variability in
driving climate change
4) Apply our understanding of space
plasma physics to the role of stellar activity
and magnetic shielding in planetary
system evolution and habitability
Safeguarding our Outbound Journey
1) Characterize the variability and
extremes of the space environments that
will be encountered by human and
robotic explorers
2) Develop the capability to predict the
origin of solar activity and disturbances
associated with potentially hazardous
space weather.
3) Develop the capability to predict the
acceleration and propagation of
energetic particles in order to enable
safe travel for human and robotic
explorers
4) Understand how space weather
affects planetary environments to
minimize risk in exploration activities.
Sun-Solar System Connection Roadmap Goal Structure
Agency Strategic Objective: Explore the Sun-Earth system to understand the Sun and its effects on the Earth, the
solar system, and the space environmental conditions that will be experienced by human explorers
Phase 1: 2005-2015
Phase 2: 2015-2025
Phase 3: 2025-beyond
• Measure magnetic reconnection at
the Sun and Earth
• Determine the dominant processes
of particle acceleration
• Set the critical scales over which
cross- scale coupling occurs
• Model the magnetic processes that
drive space weather
• Quantify particle acceleration for
the key regions of exploration
• Predict solar magnetic activity
and energy release
• Predict high energy particle flux
throughout the solar system.
• Understand the coupling of
disparate astrophysical systems
Understanding
the nature of
our home in
space
• Understand how solar
disturbances propagate to Earth
• Determine quantitative drivers of
the geospace environment
• Identify the impacts of solar
variability on Earth’s atmosphere
• Describe how space plasmas and
planetary atmospheres interact
• Identify precursors of important
solar disturbances and predict the
Earth’s response
• Integrate solar variability effects
into Earth climate models
• Determine the habitability of solar
system bodies
Safeguarding
our outbound
journey
• Determine extremes of the variable radiation and space environments at Earth, Moon, & Mars
• Nowcast solar and space weather
and forecast “All-Clear” periods
for space explorers near Earth
Opening the
Frontier to
Space
Environment
Prediction
• Characterize the near-Sun source
region of the space environment
• Reliably forecast space weather for
the Earth-Moon system; make first
space weather nowcasts at Mars
• Determine Mars atmospheric
variabilityrelevant to aerocapture,
entry, descent, landing, surface
navigation and communications
• Continuously forecast conditions
throughout the heliosphere
• Predict climate change*
• Determine how the habitability
evolves in time
• Image activity on other stars
• Provide situational awareness of
the space environment throughout
the inner Solar System
• Reliably predict atmospheric and
radiation environment at Mars to
ensure safe surface operations
• Analyze the first direct samples of
the interstellar medium
Develop technologies, observations, and knowledge systems that support operational systems
Sun Solar System Connection
Strategic Roadmap #10
Interim Report
April 15, 2005
• External and Internal Factors
• Roadmap Objectives and Research Focus Areas
• Implementation
• Integration with other NASA Roadmaps
• Education and Public Outreach
• Roadmap Summary
• Other Information
Sun-Solar System Connection Implementation
Spiral 0
Robotic Exploration
Great Observatory
Present Capability
Spiral 1
Sun-Earth-Moon System
Human Lunar Exploration
Model Predictions
Spiral 2
Terrestrial Planets
Human Mars Exploration
Forecasting
Spiral 3
Sun-Solar System
Situational Awareness
Forecast
Hazards
Predict Climate
Change
Planet habitability
evolution w/ time
Model
Systems
Magnetic processes
driving space
weather
Prototype
Capabilities
Characterize
Environments
Magnetic Processes
Particle Acceleration
Understand Reconnection
Particle Acceleration
Cross Scale Coupling
Understand: Space
Weather drivers
Space
Environment
Extremes
Understand Solar
Propagation
Solar/Climate Change
Planetary Atmospheres
Current
Observatory
2005
Nowcast
disturbances and
forecast
“all-clears”
Forecast & mitigate Earth
space weather effects
Direct samples
of interstellar
medium
Solar System
Situational
Awareness
Solar System
Forecasts
Image activity on
other stars
Magnetospheres of
other star systems
Solar System
Observatory
Understand
habitability
drivers of solar
system bodies
Inner Heliosphere
Observatory
Lunar
Safety
Sun-Earth Observatory
CEV-1
Design
2015
2025
2035
Beyond
Mars
Transit
Resources
Science Investigations:
• Solar Terrestrial Probes (STP)
• Living with a Star (LWS)
• Explorer Program
• Discovery Program
• Sun-Solar System Great Observatory
Enabling Technologies:
Sounding Rocket/Balloon Program
Advanced Technology Program
Education and Public Outreach
Research Programs:
• Research and Analysis Grants
• Guest Investigator
• Theory Program
• Targeted Research & Technology
• Project Columbia
Cost of Program Elements
Science Missions:
Approximate Cost Range*
• Low- to mid- cost, multi-objective, strategic science missions
• Explorer cost, single objective science missions
• Mission Partnerships with other Agencies
• Sun-Solar System Great Observatory
• Strategic, multi-objective, flagship science mission
1 to 3 MIDEX, each, total mission
0.5 to 1 MIDEX, each, total mission
0.15 MIDEX, each, total mission
0.XX MIDEX, in total, per year, operations
4 MIDEX, each, total mission
Research Programs:
• Fundamental Research and Analysis
• Targeted Research & Technology
• Guest Investigator on Operating Missions
• Theory and Modeling Program
0.XX MIDEX, in total, per year
0.XX MIDEX, in total, per year
0.XX MIDEX, in total, per year
0.XX MIDEX, in total, per year
Enabling Technologies:
• Sounding Rocket/Balloon Program
• Advanced Technology Program
• High End Computing
• Education and Public Outreach
0.XX MIDEX, in total, per year
0.XX MIDEX, in total, per year
0.XX MIDEX, in total, per year
0.XX MIDEX, in total, per year
*launch costs not included
Unit of Measure: MIDEX = ~$XXM in Real Year $$ as of February 2005, launch cost not included
MIDEX missions are typically XX kg, VW Beetle-sized, Delta-II launch,
Current Strategic Impediments:
• Cost of launch vehicles have increased XX% over past XX years
• Cost of risk mitigation efforts have increased XX% over past XX years
• Mitigation of full cost accounting impacts
• Availability of XX-class launch vehicles is uncertain, may require the use of larger launch vehicles
Recommended Implementation
Spiral 1
2015-2025
Spiral 0
2005-2015
Spiral 2
2025 - 2035
Spiral 3
Beyond 2035
Strategic Flagship Mission: inner boundary of our system and
learn the origins of solar energetic particle events
Low- to mid cost, multi-objective, strategically planned for fundamental space physics and space weather investigations, 1 launch per 2-3 years
Solar-B/Sun
2006
2008
to be completed
MMS/Reconnection
STEREO/Solar CME
2010
to be completed
2012
2014
2016
ESA/Solar Orbiter
2018
2020
2022
2024
2026
2028
2030
2032
2034
2032
2034
Low- to mid-cost, multi-objective, strategically targeted for Life and Society Science investigations, 1 launch per 2-3 years
RBSP/
to be completed
Earth->Moon Radiation
to be completed
to be completed
SDO/Sun
2006
2008
2010
2012
2014
2016
2018
2020
2022
2024
2026
2028
2030
Explorers, single objective, strategically selected to respond to new knowledge/decision points, 1 launch per 2-3 years
THEMIS/
Magnetic Substorms
IBEX/
AIM/
Noctilucent Clouds Interstellar Boundary
2006
2008
2010
MIDEX
2012
2014
SMEX
2016
MIDEX
2018
2020
2022
SMEX
MIDEX
SMEX
2024
2026
2028
2030
2032
2034
The Great Observatory: Use of low-cost mission extensions to form solar system wide view for understanding of solar storm propagation,
impact of solar activity on planetary systems, solar system scale phenomena, interaction of solar system with interstellar media
Inner Solar System
Great Observatory
Sun-Earth Great Observatory
2006
2008
2010
2012
2014
2016
2018
2020
2022
Solar System
Great Observatory
2024
2026
2028
Sun-Solar System Science Program Elements
•Fundamental Research and Analysis
•Targeted Research & Technology
•Guest Investigator on Operating Missions
•Theory and Modeling Program
•Sounding Rocket/Balloon Program
•Advanced Technology Program
•High End Computing - Virtual Observatories
•Education and Public Outreach
2030
2032
2034
Sun-Solar System Science Mission Element
Spiral 0
Robotic Exploration
Great Observatory
Present Capability
Spiral 1
Human Lunar Exploration
Earth-Moon System
Model Predictions
Spiral 2
Human Mars Exploration
Terrestrial Planets
Forecasting
Spiral 3
Exploration To
Solar System Limits
System Forecasting
Joint Sun-Earth Mission
Mission 2A
Mission 2B
Mission 2C
Mission 2D
Mission 2E
Mission 2F
DRAFT
Mission 1A
Mission 1B
Mission 1C
Mission 1D
Mission 1E
Mission 1F
Solar-B
STEREO
SolarDynObs
MagMultiScale
RBStormProbes
Forecast
Hazards
Mars
Transit
Model
Systems
Lunar
Safety
Characterize
Environments
Mission 3A
Mission 3B
Mission 3C
Etc.
CEV-1
Design
* Explorer Candidate
Great Observatory
2005
SR&T, LCAS, Explorers, MoOs
2015
2025
2035
Near-Term Priorities and Gaps
Consolidate the existing Sun-Solar
System Great Observatory in service of
space weather research
– Integrate Ionosphere-Thermosphere
Storm Probes into the Great Observatory
Take the next development step for the
Sun-Solar System Connection Great
Observatory:
– Fly Solar Probe to explore the boundaries
of our system and learn the origins of
solar energetic particle events
Approach to Identify Priority Science Objectives
Understand
Science
enabled by
Exploration
Priority
SSSC
Missions
Science
enabling
Exploration
Science that is Vital, Compelling & Urgent
Inform
Discover
Science that
transforms
knowledge
Approach: Goals to Capabilities to Implementation
Targeted Outcome: Phase 2, Safeguarding the Journey
Specify Spacecraft and Communications Environments at Mars
Non-LTE
radiative
transfer
Required Understanding
Wave-wave interactions at all
Parameterizations of
scales
turbulence and gravity
Neutral & plasma
Plasma
Wavewave effects in GCMs
instabilities
irregularities
turbulence
Dust, aerosol
interactions
Plasma-neutral Lightning
evolution and
Wave-mean flow
coupling with
characteristics
interactions
B-field
Archival and real-time
global measurements of
neutral & plasma
density, B-field,
temperature, winds
Enabling Capabilities & Measurements
Critical Regimes: Entry, Descent & Landing (EDL), 0-40 km; Aerocapture,
40-80 km; Aerobraking & Orbital Lifetime, 80-250 km; Ionosphere 90-200 km
Electrical & Dust
Environments
Empirical models of
global Mars atmosphere
structure & variability
Implementation Phase 1: 2005-2015
TIMED Mission
To inform on tidal and tide-mean
flow processes relevant to Mars
ITM WAVES Mission
To inform on wave-wave, wave-mean flow
processes and parameterizations relevant to Mars
Theory & Modelling
Program
To understand waves, instabilities,
and plasma processes that determine
variabilities of Earth & Mars’
environments; develop surface to
ionopause first-principles model of
Mars’ atmosphere
IT Storm
Probes
Mission
To inform on
plasma irregularities
relevant to COMM
and NAV systems at
Mars
First principles
data-assimilating
models for
predicting global
atmosphere and
ionosphere
structure
Implementation Phase 2: 2015-2025
Mars Dynamics
Mission
To collect observations of
densities, temperatures and
winds 0-100 km over all local
times at Mars
Theory &
Modelling
Program
To develop an
Assimilative Model for
Mars’ whole Atmosphere
Human Capital and Infrastructure
So that we may develop/maintain U.S. space plasma and space weather
prediction/mitigation expertise, it is vital to provide a broad range of competed
funding opportunities for the scientific community
Develop IT, Computing, Modeling and Analysis Infrastructure
• Virtual Observatories, Columbia Project
Low Cost Access to Space
• Science, Training, & Instrument Development
E/PO to Attract Workers to ESS Science
Sufficient Opportunities to Maintain Multiple Hardware & Modeling Groups
• Strengthen University Involvement in Space Hardware Development
• Facilitate and Exploit Partnerships
• Interagency and International
Upgrade DSN to Collect More Data Throughout the Solar System
Technology Development
Answering science questions requires measurements at unique
vantage points in and outside the solar system
– Cost-effective, high-∆V propulsion
–CRM-1: High energy power & propulsion—nuclear electric propulsion, RTGs
–CRM-2: In-space transportation—solar sails
–CRM-15: Nanotechnology—advanced carbon nanotube membranes for sails
Resolving space-time ambiguities requires simultaneous in-situ
measurements (constellations or sensor webs)
– Compact, affordable spacecraft via low-power electronics
—CRM-3: Advanced telescopes & observatories
–Low-cost access to space
–CRM-10: Transformational spaceport
Return of large data sets from throughout the solar system
– Next-generation, Deep Space Network
–CRM-X: Communication and Navigation
Visualization, analysis and modeling of solar system plasma data
–CRM-13: Advanced modeling/simulation/analysis
New measurement techniques – compact, affordable instrument
suites
– Next generation of SSSC instrumentation
–CRM-11: Scientific instruments & sensors
–CRM-15: Nanotechnology
Sun Solar System Connection
Strategic Roadmap #10
Interim Report
April 15, 2005
•External and Internal Factors
•Roadmap Objectives and Research Focus Areas
•Implementation
•Integration with other NASA Roadmaps
•Education and Public Outreach
•Roadmap Summary
•Other Information
Integration: Major Strategic Relationships
Sun-Solar System Connections
Mars & Lunar Exploration
Exploration Transportation
Shuttle & Space Station
Human Health & Support
• Space environment specification for materials
and technology requirements definition.
• Prediction of solar activity and its impact on
planetary and interplanetary environments as
an operational element of Exploration.
Examples:
 presence of penetrating radiation
(hazardous to health and microcircuitry);
 varying ionization/scintillations (interferes
with communications and navigation);
 increased atmospheric scale heights
(enhanced frictional drag).
Communication & Navigation
Primary interfaces involve the knowledge of the full range of space environment
conditions for requirement specification, prediction, and situational awareness
Integration: Major Scientific Relationships
Sun-Solar System Connections
Mars Exploration
• Mars Aeronomy and Ionosphere
• Atmospheric Loss; Habitability
Lunar Exploration
• History of Solar Wind
• Electrostatics & Charging Processes
Solar System Exploration
• Comparative Magnetospheres/Ionospheres
• Exploration of heliosphere and interstellar medium
Earth System and Dynamics
• Sun/Climate Connection
• Societal impacts of space weather processes
Exploration of the Universe
• The Sun as a magnetic variable Star
• Fundamental plasma processes
Primary interfaces involve understanding of the physical processes
associated with the dynamics of space plasmas and electromagnetic fields
Integration: Major Capability Relationships #1
Sun-Solar System Connections
High Energy Power & Propulsion
• needs high energy power and propulsion to reach
unique vantage points and operate there;
In-Space Transportation
• needs development of in-space propulsion such as
provided by solar sails;
Advanced Telescopes and Observatories
Communication and navigation
• needs space interferometry in UV, and compact
affordable platforms for clusters & constellations
• contributes space weather now- and for-casting;
needs high band width deep space communication
Robotic Access to Planetary Surfaces
• contributes characterization, modeling, and
prediction of planetary environments;
Human Planetary Landing Systems
• contributes characterization, modeling, and
prediction of planetary environments;
Human Health and Support System
• contributes characterization, modeling, and
prediction of space environments;
Human Exploration Systems & Mobility
• contributes characterization, modeling, and
prediction of planetary environments;
Integration: Major Capability Relationships #2
Sun-Solar System Connections
Autonomous Systems and Robotics
Transformation Spaceport/Range
• needs sensor web technology;
needs affordable operations for constellations
• needs low cost space access via rockets, secondary
payload accommodation, and low cost launchers;
Scientific Instruments and Sensors
• needs an array of new technologies that enable
affordable synoptic observation program;
In-situ Resource Utilization
• contributes expertise & experience in techniques
for space resource detection and location;
Advanced Modeling/Simulation/Analysis
• needs advanced data assimilation from diverse
sources and advanced model/simulation
techniques for space weather prediction;
Systems Engineering Cost/Risk Analysis
• best practices required across the board;
Nanotechnology
• Needs advanced carbon membranes for solar
sails; cross cutting technology beneficial to many
missions;
Sun Solar System Connection
Strategic Roadmap #10
Interim Report
April 15, 2005
•External and Internal Factors
•Roadmap Objectives and Research Focus Areas
•Implementation
•Integration Activities
•Education and Public Outreach
•Roadmap Summary
•Other Information
Education and Public Outreach
Education and Public Outreach is Essential to
the Achievement of the Exploration Vision
– Emphasis on workforce development
– Requires increase in the capacity of our
nation’s education systems (K-16); both in
and out of school
– Focus on entraining under-represented
communities in STEM careers (demographic
projections to 2025 underscore this need)
Public engagement and support essential
– Nature of SSSC science presents strong
opportunities for ‘hooking’ the public
Roadmap committee #10 has focused on:
– Importance of E/PO to achievement of
Exploration Vision
– Identification of unique E/PO opportunities
associated with SSSC science
– Articulation of challenges and
recommendations for effective E/PO
– Close up look at role national science
education standards can play in effectively
connecting NASA’s content to formal
education
Education and Public Outreach
Topics unique and/or central to Sun-Solar System Connection
Living with a star
 Studying the Sun to learn about stars
 Interconnected, dynamic systems
 Role of Solar variability in Earth’s climate
Space Weather Earth
 Analogy with terrestrial weather/climate
 Conditions changing all the time
 Need for situational awareness
 Concept of Geospace
Sun-Solar System Science Space Weather Goals
Exploration
 Predict environmental conditions in space; protecting space explorers
Dynamic environment – will require situational awareness
Magnetism
 Invisible force: “seeing the invisible”
 Magnetism vs. gravity; significance of magnetism in Solar System and
Universe
 Magnetic shields and planetary habitability for Earth, Moon, Mars
 Electromagnetic Spectrum
Plasma
 Solid-liquid-gas-plasma: “common” states of matter depend on where you
are in the Universe
Exploration Technologies
Propulsion systems  Solar panels versus solar sails for space travel
Nature of Sun-Solar
System Science
Suborbital rocket-based experiments/observations (it really is rocket science)
Tools, technologies, Direct, satellite-based measurements of space, immediate (we "go to space")
scientific methods Large, high-resolution data sets, powerful images
Modeling, visualization, simulation key to science
Solar Events
Eclipses
Opportunities for
Transits
Public Engagement Auroras
Solar flares, coronal mass ejections, solar storms
Education and Public Outreach
Challenges
Recommendations
E/PO efforts vary widely across NASA. This is
disadvantage for both PIs and for audiences. PIs are
often in the position of inventing their own E/PO
programs, products and activities; and audiences
need to constantly learn anew how to take advantage
of these efforts
Generate uniform, templated product lines with themed content for
use by the press and other communications outlets, museums,
science centers and other informal settings, and schools
The formal, K-12 science education system needs
strong connections with NASA’s scientific,
engineering and technological enterprises if it is going
to play sufficient role in preparing the STEM
workforce required to implement and achieve the
Exploration Vision
Correlate NASA’s activities, enterprise-wide, with National Science
Standards (National Science Education Standards of the NRC, and
Benchmarks for Scientific Literacy, Project 2061) to develop a
roadmap for infusing NASA resources into the formal K-12 system.
Develop templates for products, programs and professional
development that, combined with the roadmap, effectively connect
NASA’s ongoing, authentic activities to classrooms to inspire and
motivate educators and learners *
Broad dissemination is required to achieve impact.
Requiring individual PIs and Missions to create and
sustain their own dissemination channels can be
burdensome and lessen impact
Expand existing, and develop new centrally supported channels for
dissemination that mission and research-based E/PO can use to
reach full range of audiences
E/PO investments are not maximized due to lack of
sustained support and dissemination
Make sustained investment over time in dissemination of Web-based
formats dissemination of NASA materials: use of best-practice
templates to create the materials will facilitate maintaining currency
Not enough undergraduates are opting for physicsbased careers in particular and STEM careers in
general
Focus more on supporting K-16 science education, integrate cutting
edge Sun-Solar System Connection topics (in addition to other
relevant NASA content) into undergraduate physics courses
Keeping the public informed will be key to
implementation and achievement of the Exploration
Vision
Outreach, not advertisement, is necessary. Develop better
coordination between Public Affairs and Outreach and Education to
conduct timely outreach that educates the public about NASA’s
activities and achievements, with appropriate emphasis on risk
Sun Solar System Connection
Strategic Roadmap #10
Interim Report
April 15, 2005
•External and Internal Factors
•Roadmap Objectives and Research Focus Areas
•Implementation
•Integration Activities
•Education and Public Outreach
•Roadmap Summary
•Other Information
Sun-Solar System Connection
Science Objectives:
Explore the Sun-Earth system to understand the Sun
and its effects …
Open the Frontier to Space Environment Prediction
Understand the fundamental physical processes of the space environment
– from the Sun to Earth, to other planets, and beyond to the interstellar
medium
Understand the Nature of Our Home in Space
Understand how human society, technological systems, and the habitability
of planets are affected by solar variability and planetary magnetic fields
Safeguard Our Outbound Journey
Maximize the safety and productivity of human and
robotic explorers by developing the capability to
predict the extreme and dynamic conditions in space
Sun-Solar System Connection Science for Life and Society
Science Questions
National Goals
Opening the
Frontier to
Space
Environment
Prediction
Investigations
Implementation


Strategic missions
planned for critical
scientific exploration and
for critical space weather
understanding

Understanding
the nature of
our home in
space
Safeguarding
our outbound
journey
Sample vast range with
frequent small
observatories


Select low-cost
opportunity missions for
fast response as
knowledge changes
Utilize low-cost extended
missions to gain solar
system scale
understanding - Great
Observatory “sensor web”
Disseminate data for
environmental modeling
via distributed Virtual
Observatories
Achievements
• Predict solar activity and
release
• Understand production of
radiation throughout system
• Understand coupling of
astrophysical systems
• Forecast conditions
throughout the
heliosphere
• Predict climate
change
• Evolution of planetary
habitability
• Activity on other stars
• Situational awareness
of the space
environment
• Ensure safe surface
operations at Mars
• First direct samples
of the interstellar
medium
Impacts
 New
Transformational
Knowledge
 Safe
Transit
 Space
Weather
Mitigation
 Decision
Support
Tools
 Future
Scientists &
Engineers
NASA & partner producers of SSSC science information
Users of SSSC science information
Sun Solar System Connection
Strategic Roadmap #10
Interim Report
April 15, 2005
•External and Internal Factors
•Roadmap Objectives and Research Focus Areas
•Implementation
•Integration Activities
•Education and Public Outreach
•Roadmap Summary
•Other Information
Status of Roadmap Activities
•NRC update to Space Physics Decadal Survey
•Solar Sail technology workshop
•Roadmap foundation team meeting
•Advisory Committee review of progress
•Community-led imaging technology workshop
•Community-wide roadmap workshop
•Roadmap foundation team meeting
•Roadmap foundation team meeting
•Update to NRC Space Studies Board CSSP
•SRM#10 committee meeting #1
•Half-day bilateral meetings with other US Government agencies
•Advisory Committee review of progress
•SMD International Strategic Conference on Roadmaps
•SRM #10 committee meeting #2
•Roadmap foundation team meeting
•Advisory Committee review of progress
•SRM #10 committee teleconference
•Roadmap foundation team meeting
•SRM #10 committee meeting #3
•Roadmap review by the National Academy
Sep. 2004
Sep. 28-29, 2004
Oct. 5-6, 2004
Nov. 3-5, 2004
Nov. 9-10, 2004
Nov. 16-17, 2004
Nov. 18-19, 2004
Jan. 19-21, 2005
Feb. 8, 2005
Feb. 10-11, 2005
Late Feb/Early March
February 28-March 2
March 8-10
March 15-16
March 16-18
March 30-April 1
April 13
May 10-11
May 12-13
June 1
First Draft
Second Draft
Final Draft
Sun-Solar System Connection Roadmap Committee
NASA HQ Co-Chair: Al Diaz (NASA HQ Science Mission Directorate)
Center Co-chair: Tom Moore (NASA GSFC)
External Co-chair: Tim Killeen (National Center for Atmospheric Research)
Directorate Coordinator: Barbara Giles (NASA HQ Science Mission Directorate)
APIO Coordinator: Azita Valinia (NASA GSFC)
Committee Members:
Scott Denning (Colorado State University)
Jeffrey Forbes (Univ of Colorado)
Stephen Fuselier (Lockheed Martin)
William Gibson (Southwest Research Institute)
Don Hassler (Southwest Research Institute)
Todd Hoeksema (Stanford Univ.)
Craig Kletzing (Univ. Of Iowa)
Edward Lu (NASA/JSC)
Victor Pizzo (NOAA)
James Russell (Hampton University)
James Slavin (NASA GSFC)
Michelle Thomsen (LANL)
Warren Wiscombe (NASA GSFC)
Ex Officio members:
Donald Anderson (Science Mission Directorate)
Dick Fisher (Science Mission Directorate)
Rosamond Kinzler (American Museum of Natural History)
Mark Weyland (Space Radiation Analysis Group, JSC)
Michael Wargo (Exploration Systems Mission Directorate)
Al Shafer (Office of the Secretary of Defense)
Systems Engineers:
John Azzolini (GSFC)
Tim Van Sant (GSFC)
External Partnerships
Partnership Forums:
• International Living with a Star
• International Heliophysical Year
• Enabling Space Weather
Predictions for the International
Space Environment Service
Current Partnership Missions:
• Ulysses (ESA)
• SoHO (ESA)
• Cluster (ESA)
• Geotail (JAXA)
• Solar-B (JAXA)
• International Space Environment Service
• NOAA / World Warning Agency in Boulder
Program Feasibility: Mission Study Process
• Because SSSC missions can be challenging to develop, the planning process necessarily includes
careful study of mission feasibility and cost envelope.
• Potential mission concepts carried over from 2003 Roadmap (LWS, STP, Vision Missions, etc.)
• 12 new, or updated, mission concept studies completed March, 2005
• Final mission priorities, by program line, to be finalized at May roadmap meeting
Roadmap
Committee
Mission
Selection
Identify
Mission
advocate
Preliminary concept report to
committee with redirection as
necessary
Specify Scientific
Objectives
Note: frequent interaction between
the science and engineering teams
is critical to quality mission design
Define Payload
Orbit Design
SSSC Theme Technologist
convened temporary
mission study teams at
JPL and GSFC
Spacecraft Conceptual
Design
Launch vehicle Selection
Mission timeline and
operations
Study duration
Complete
mission design
NASA’s goal for future space plasma research within its
Sun-Solar System Connection programs is to understand
the causes of space weather by studying the Sun, the
heliosphere and planetary environments as a single,
connected system.
Sun-Solar System Connection
Strategic Roadmap #10
Interim Report
End