Download Organic Chemistry Review

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
REVIEW
4
• One carbon atom can form how many covalent
bonds?
COVALENT
• Organic compounds contain what type of bonds?
CARBON
• All living things contain which element?
CARBON AND HYDROGEN
• All organic molecules contain which elements?
MATCHING:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Cellulose
Starch
Glycogen
Polysaccharide
Monosaccharide
Carbohydrate
A. Macromolecule made
up of carbon, hydrogen,
and oxygen
B. Polysaccharide made
by plants to store energy
C. Polysaccharide made
by animals to store
energy
D. Complex carbohydrate
such as starch
E. Polysaccharide made
by plants to give
structural support to cell
walls
F. Simple sugar like glucose
CARBOHYDRATES
• What type of organic compound is produced by
plants during photosynthesis?
GLYCOGEN
• Animal cells store excess energy as what ______?
POLYSACCHARIDES
• Monosaccharides bond to together to form long
chains called _____
SUGARS
• Similar to starch, cellulose is a complex
carbohydrate. What compounds make up
cellulose?
MATCHING
A.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Lipid
Essential fatty acid
Fat
Wax
Saturated
Unsaturated
Steroid
Phospholipid
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.
H.
Component of fats that is
necessary for human health but
cannot be produced by the
body
Type of lipid used mainly as a
waterproof covering
Type of lipid used to make
hormones
Organic molecule made up of
CHO that will not dissolve in
water
Type of lipid that is made up of
two fatty acids. A glycerol, and
a phosphate group
Type of lipid made of three
fatty acids and glycerol
Having double bonds between
carbon atoms in a fatty acid
Having the maximum number
of hydrogens attached to the
carbon atoms in a fatty acid
FATS
• What are the organic molecules used for long-term
energy storage called?
3 FATTY ACIDS AND A GLYCEROL
• What are the parts of a fat molecule?
ALL SINGLE CARBON TO CARBON BONDS &
CONTAINS THE MAXIMUM HYDROGEN ATOMS
• What kinds of bonds are in a saturated fat?
STEROID
• What kind of lipid is a cholesterol?
AMINO GROUP
• Proteins are made of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen,
and nitrogen. What is the group containing nitrogen
called?
PEPTIDE
• What is the name of the bond that joins amino
acids into polypeptides?
AMINO ACIDS
• What are the building blocks of proteins?
PHOSPHORUS
• Nucleic acids contain hydrogen, oxygen, carbon,
nitrogen, and which other element?
5 CARBON SUGAR, PHOSPHATE GROUP,
AND NITROGEN BASE
• What are the parts of a nucleic acid?
CONCENTRATION, PH, AND
TEMPERATURE
• What are the factors that affect enzyme activity?
PROTEINS
• Enzymes are what type of macromolecules?
ACTIVE SITE
• The area of an enzyme where the substrate fits is
called the what?
LOWER THE ACTIVATION ENERGY
• How do catalysts affect the rate of a chemical
reaction?
SUBSTRATE
• The substance on which each enzyme can work is
called the what?
PROTEIN IN A HAMBURGER
• Which of the following would be considered
organic?
•
•
•
•
Pure filtered water with a pH of 7.0
The mineral potassium
Protein in a hamburger
Table salt
AMINO ACIDS
• Proteins are made of building blocks called
•
•
•
•
Nucleic acids
Monosaccharides
Amino acids
Fatty acids
CARBOHYDRATE
• A monosaccharide is a
•
•
•
•
Carbohydrate
Nucleic acid
Fatty acid
Glycerol
PROTEINS
• Enzymes that act as catalysts are made of what?
–
–
–
–
Nucleic acids
Glycerols
Nucleotides
Proteins
NITROGEN
• What element is found in proteins but not in
carbohydrates and fats?
–
–
–
–
Nitrogen
Carbon
Phosphorus
Oxygen
CARBOHYDRATES
• The main source of energy for living things is
–
–
–
–
Carbohydrates
Nucleic acids
Proteins
Lipids
STORE GENETIC INFORMATION
• Proteins do NOT
•
•
•
•
Build tissue such as bone and muscles
Help fight disease
Act as catalysts for some reactions
Store genetic information
HOW FAST THE REACTION OCCURS
• Enzymes affect the reactions in living cells by
changing
–
–
–
–
Which products are produced by the reaction
How fast the reaction occurs
How much heat the reaction requires
The reaction’s optimum pH
CARBOHYDRATES
• Which of the following organic molecules have a
1:2:1 ratio of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen?
–
–
–
–
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Nucleic acids
Lipids
NUCLEIC ACIDS
• Which of the following makes up DNA and RNA?
–
–
–
–
Fats
Simple sugars
Nucleic acids
Enzymes
LIPID
• Cholesterol is needed to build cell membranes.
Cholesterol is an example of a
•
•
•
•
nucleic acid
Carbohydrate
Lipid
Amino acid
AMINO ACID
• Which organic compound has an amino group and
a carboxyl group
–
–
–
–
Amino acid
Simple sugar
Nucleic acid
Lipid
PROTEINS
• Amino acids form larger molecules called
–
–
–
–
Nucleic acids
Gylcerols
Fats
Proteins
MINERAL
• Which of the following is NOT an organic
compound?
–
–
–
–
Mineral
Lipid
Carbohydrate
Protein
CARBON
• All organic compounds contain which element?
–
–
–
–
Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen
Nitrogen