Download North-South Interconnections in Central-East and South - entso-e

European Network of
Transmission System Operators
for Electricity
North-South
Interconnections in
Central-East and SouthEast Europe
Building power bridges between Eastern and Western Europe; relieving the bottlenecks in Central Europe; see what grid
development the Central East and the South East regions are facing.
Introduction
This document addresses grid development issues
in the geographical area covered by the North-South
electricity interconnections in Central Eastern
and South Eastern Europe (‘NSI East Electricity’)
established by Regulation (EU) No. 347/2013 on
guidelines for trans-European energy infrastructure
(‘The Energy Infrastructure Regulation’).
It bases on the achievements of TSOs’ efforts striving
to ensure adequate and timely grid development
while closely coordinating within three ENTSO-E
Regional Groups: Continental Central East,
Continental Central South and Continental South
East, the perimeter of which is shown on Fig 1.1.
Figure 1‑1 ENTSO-E System Development Regions
Main Drivers For Grid
Development
Main Challenges
The following trends can be observed over the coming
15 years and beyond:
Dynamic RES development
storage potential located mainly in the Alps. Further
opportunities could be considered concerning
development of distributed storage systems within
or near peripheral areas with expected higher RES
penetration to reduce local congestions. In this
respect, some network development projects are
aimed also to better integrate storage projects in the
power system.
Dynamic RES development (especially wind and
solar) according to EU objectives. A particularly
intensive up-growth of the Wind energy is taking
place mostly in the northern regions (i.e. Germany
and the North Sea), but it is also significant in the
western (like GB and France) and southern European
regions (i.e. Italy, Greece). The core development area
of the solar energy lies in southern part (Italy, Greece)
but also in France and southern Germany.
Climate change mitigation
Vast number of variable renewable resources located
at the different corners of the region and far from the
load centers results in high and volatile bulk power
flows, basically in the direction North-to-South
and Central East-to-South East, and is also quite
challenging to the system security and frequency
control as the system must provide suitable back-up
generation at any moment of time. Far distance RESelectricity transports, especially via HVDC lines, will
facilitate using RES energy where it is most needed,
increasing its value for the region
Versatile market flows across Europe and following
price signals instantly result in triggering further
grid development. This is of major relevance for the
bidding zones (within a Country or among different
Countries) characterized by limited competition due
to lack of transmission capacity with neighboring
areas endowed with more competitive RES or
thermal power resources.
Conventional generation
Conventional generation like combined cycle gas
turbines and traditional coal plants is still developing
in Poland, Czech Republic and West Balkan, even
though the European electricity market conditions in
general are less favorable for such power generation
for the time being. Some countries are planning to
phase out nuclear power plants totally (DE, CH)
or partially (FR) while Czech Republic, Poland,
Slovakia, Hungary, Romania and Slovenia still intend
to significantly increase their share in the nuclear
energy market. Another phenomenon to be carefully
monitored from the system security perspective is
linked to the dismissal or mothballing of a significant
amount of conventional generation (especially from
oil, coal and gas thermal power). This is a market
driven trend, mainly due to the development of new
RES capacity and slowing down in the evolution of
the electricity demand, which is expected to keep on
further in the next years.
Storage development
Climate change mitigation and competition will
require energy efficiency measures such as transfer
from fossil-fuel based end-users to CO2-free energy
sources. The electricity peak demand growth forecast
based on the future scenarios varies between
moderate and rapid by the year 2030.
Market integration
Improving the interconnection of
the sparse networks
In the eastern and south central region there are
a lot of projects designed to cope with insufficient
interconnection transmission capacities on particular
profiles, to fulfil the essential characteristics of
the common European market. This is relevant
especially for the Balkan area and for the integration
of the Italian peninsula and the main Islands in the
European bulk power system.
Security of Supply improvement
The energy transition of the regional power system
leads to increased high north-south power flows. In
order to ensure security of supply and to improve
system stability not only new DC and AC grid
expansion measures are needed, but also additional
reinforcements in the area of voltage control such
as VAR-compensation. In order to prevent a lack
of supply it is essential to increase transmission
capacities between European countries and within
market zones, especially concerning Islands or areas
which are less interconnected such as not strongly
meshed network portions .
Storage plants can be used in order to facilitate the
efficient use of RES. Considerable storage potential
is available in the very center of the eastern and
south central region through the hydro pumped
projects of common interest | 2
Main bottlenecks
The actual overview of the pan European situation
including main regional boundaries is shown in Fig
2.1.
•
the connection of offshore wind in North
Sea and Baltic Sea in Germany;
•
the connection of additional hydro power
plants in Austria and the connection of wind in
eastern part of Austria;
•
integration of renewable generation
expected especially in Germany, in Italy and in
South-Eastern Europe.
Generally it can be stated, that the actual generation
capacity is sufficient to balance the load. Nonetheless,
security of supply still remains a concern, especially
locally, in peripheral areas with scarcely meshed
network (like Italian main Islands and Corsica).
Grid Development in the
Region
Project portfolio
The table below lists the boundaries with the specific
drivers for grid development in each case and link
the projects that are assessed in TYNDP2016.
All the projects listed were classified according to
their status (Mid-Term projects are marked in red,
long-term ones are in blue and the future projects
are marked in black).
Figure 2-1 Main bottlenecks in eastern and south
central region (marked area)
Based on the expected evolution of the power system
in the coming years as well as actual constraints
analysis it was possible to identify several barriers
already (indicated in the figure with yellow and grey
boundaries).
Due to ongoing market integration processes the
main boundaries refer mostly to the Italian borders:
northern and the one between Italy and the Balkans
and the internal bottlenecks among the six different
Italian price zones.
Significant power flows throughout Germany (northsouth power flows) and towards Austria have already
generated a need for the transmission capacity
increase within the same price zone.
In order to efficiently integrate the dispersed
generation units (RES) and improve the correlation
to the public and mature applications for connecting
large generation plants, storage, and areas with
high penetrations of RES it is necessary to relate
such critical sections to the actual boundaries as
well. According to such an approach the primarily
concerned boundaries are:
projects of common interest | 3
Area
Driver
Proposed
solutions
Name of
the project
PCI
label
Main Benefit
3.21
Increase SI-IT capacity by about 1000 MW
Interconp. 150
nection
Italy-Slovenia
Integration of the Italian peninsula. High
Italian Northern
north to south flows triggered by power
boundary1
exchanges at the Italian Northern border,
Increase AT-IT capacity by about
p. 26
Austria - Italy
mainly from the Alps area and Germany.
3.2.1 and
1100 MW via two new single circuit
3.2.2
cross-border lines and closure of the
380-kV-Security Ring in Austria
Wurmlach
p. 210
(AT) - Som-
3.4
Increase AT-IT capacity by about 150 MW
plago (IT)
To realize 2X600 MW transmission
capacity cables to interconnect Italy
Italy-Balkans
Integration of the Italian peninsula and the
Balkans in the European market/system
and the Balkan system is of major
Interconp. 28
nection Italy
importance to integrate the central-
3.19
eastern and south-eastern markets
- Montenegro
with the Italian market. The link will
contribute as well to improve the security
of the two interconnected areas.
Italy-center/
Italy north
Italy-South/
Italy central
Removal of the bottlenecks between
market zones internal to Italy to better
p. 33
integrate Italy in the European market
Removal of the bottlenecks between
market zones internal to Italy to better
p. 127
integrate Italy in the European market.
Central
Northern Italy
Central
Southern Italy
RES integration in the South East
Slovenia -
and Central East Europe, new
Hungary
electricity corridors and possibility
p. 141
p.187
storage power plants in the Alps
p. 198
Market integration and decreasing
p. 94
of unscheduled flow from DE
Poland - Germany
to PL, PL to CZ and PL to SK by
p. 229
increasing of controllability on
entire synchronous profile.
Increase the transmission capacity
-
between IT South and IT center
market zones by about 1200 MW
Increase the transmission
3.9.2,
gary corridor
3.9.3 and
3.9.4
Integration of RES generation mainly
in Germany and connection with pump
by about 400-600 MW
3.9.1,
p. 47
Germany
between IT Center and IT north
Slovenia-Hun-
to access the new energy market
Austria –
Increase the transmission capacity
-
p. 230
Austria -
2.1, 3.1.1,
Germany
3.1.2
Austria-Germany
Area of Lake
Constance
GerPol Improvements
GerPol Power
Hungary by about 1100 MW
Increase of the interconnection
capacity between Austria and Germany
by approximately 2900 MW
Increase of the interconnection
-
capacity between Austria and Germany
by approximately 1500 MW
Increase of the interconnection capacity
2.11
between Austria and
Germany by approximately 1000 MW
3.15
Enhancement of market capacity on
GerPol Power
Bridge II
capacity between Slovenia and
Polish synchronous profile - PL/DE as
3.14
well as PL-CZ/SK border in case of both
import (500 MW) and export (1500 MW)
Bridge I
Table 3-1 Project portfolio of the eastern and south central region (continues onto next page)
projects of common interest | 4
Area
Driver
Proposed
solutions
Name of
the project
Security of Supply improvement in the
CZ southern regions and connection of
potential power generation capacities in
CZ Southp. 35
the region and facilitation of power flows
Czech - Germany
west-east
corridor
in the north-west and west-east direction.
PCI
label
Main Benefit
3.11.3,
Enhancement of transmission capacity
3.11.4
inside CZ by 2x1730 MVA by building new
and
AC 400 kV OHL between Kocin-Mirovka,
3.11.5
Kocin-Prestice and Mirovka-Cebin
, RES integration in the Karlovary region
Enhancement of transmission capacity
and accommodation of the prevailing
power flows in the north-west and
p. 200
west-east direction, Security of Supply
CZ North-
3.11.1
inside CZ about 2x1730 MVA, by
west-South
and
building new 400 kV substations and
corridor
3.11.2
AC OHL between Vernerov-Vitkov,
improvement in the CZ western region
Vitkov-Prestice and Mirovka-V413
Increase of the transmission
N-S transp. 205
mission
capacity between Thuringia (area
3.13
with increasing RES generation),
DE_par_line_1
and Bavaria (area with decreasing
conventional power generation)
HVDC
Brunsbüttel/
p. 235
Wilster to
Großgartach/
Increase of the transmission capacity
about 4 GW between Northern Germany
2.1
to Bavaria / Baden-Württemberg by
GrafenrheInternal German
RES integration, Security of Supply
projects
improvement in particular DE regions
HVDC connection construction
infeld
Increase of the transmission capacity
about 2 GW between Region of
p. 254
Ultranet
Osterath and Region of Philippsburg
2.9
by HVDC connection construction,
where DC circuits will be on the
same pylons as AC lines
Increase of the transmission capacity
HVDC
p. 130
Wolmirstedt
to area Gun-
about 2 GW between North-East Germany
3.12
(are with RES generation) and South of
Bavaria (area with high consumption)
dremmingen
New SK-HU
Improvement of the secure and reliable
operation at the SK-HU profile, market
p. 48
intercon. -
Slovakia -
integration as the SK-HU profile is the
phase 1
Hungary
part of the 4M MC market coupling and
New SK-HU
accommodation of the North - South
p. 54
RES power flows in CCE region
intercon. -
by HVDC connection construction
3.16 and
3.17
the SK-HU cross-border profile.
3.18
phase 2
2nd BG-GR
Bulgaria-Greece
Support market integration in SE Europe.
p.142
interconnector
and South
Increase transfer capacity in the
3.7
Romania
Support the large scale integration
of RES in the area of the Black sea
p.138
coast in Romania and Bulgaria
Support market integration and
Romania-Serbia
the large scale integration of new
RES in the region of South-West
Romania and North-East Serbia.
Black Sea
corridor
Increase transfer capacity in the
3.8
nental East
Corridor
predominant North-South direction,
between Bulgaria and Romania
Mid Contip.144
predominant North-South direction,
between Bulgaria and Greece.
BG corridor
Bulgaria-
Increase of the transfer capacity on
Increase transfer capacity along
3.22
the East-West corridor in the South
Eastern and Central Europe.
Table 3-1 Project portfolio of the eastern and south central region
projects of common interest | 5
Boundary adequacy
The analysis of the target capacities is to be
considered as the starting point for the assessment
of the transmission adequacy and the identification
of any further network development needed for 2030
and beyond.
The target capacity for every boundary corresponds
essentially to the maximum transmission capacity
value, which is able to bring enough benefits to
outweigh costs. Then, comparing the target capacity
and the project portfolio for every boundary, a
transmission adequacy indication could be evaluated.
In order to identify a wider spectrum of further
potential needs, it is recommendable to analyze the
transmission system under the different development
conditions portrayed in the four 2030 visions, leading
to intensified interactions between market areas,
higher usage of the transmission capacity and
therefore to a higher target capacity.
The transmission adequacy prospect along the
corridor is depicted in the Figure 3.1.
Figure 3-1 Main boundaries of the region
projects of common interest | 6