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Midterm Review
Chutes and Ladders
Sit with your teammates at the tables
Orange Team
Pink Team
Blue Team
Breonda
Madison
Chryshel
Carla
Lavohn
April
Henry
Miya
Lauren
Chloe
H’Chiem
Amir
Maudia
Feven
One skip during
the game 
Rules
• If you drive me crazy, we will stop and do this
on a worksheet
• We will play by playground rules
– You go up the ladder and down the slide
– You cannot do the opposite for any reason…this
will lead to a crazy Mrs. Marquez and worksheet
• You can’t “steal” squares. If you try to cheat, I
will send you back to your seat 
Rules
• Each team will be given a question
– If you correctly answer, I will “roll” the dice. You
will move according to the dice.
– If you incorrectly answer or cannot answer, you
will stay put until it is your turn again.
• Each team will elect a spokesperson. He or
she will provide me with the final answer. Do
not yell out the answers. This will lead to a
crazy Mrs. Marquez.
Proclamation of 1763
• Pontiac’s uprising in Detroit in 1763 was a
direct cause of
No taxation without Representation!
• How did the Stamp Act, the Tea Act, and the
Intolerable Acts encourage American
colonists to consider revolution against
British rule?
Intolerable Acts – closed harbor, no
town meetings and set curfew
• What act was a direct result of the Boston
Tea Party?
Homemade goods after the boycott
• How did the Daughters of Liberty contribute
to the American boycott of British goods in
the late 1760s?
Spirit
• England had a clear advantage at the outset
of the Revolutionary War, but Americans had
which of the following factors operating in
their favor?
Boston Massacre
• Five Bostonians were shot and killed by
British troops who were later exonerated of
the crime.
Tea Act
• Which act was written and enforced due to
the British need to bail out the financially
strapped British East India Company?
Surprise attack and first victory!
• What was significant about George
Washington’s leading of his troops across the
Delaware River on Christmas night in 1776?
France; revenge
• ______________ gave serious consideration
to an alliance with the rebel colonies
primarily because it regarded the war as an
opportunity to ________________
Surrounded and cut off by land and
sea
• Why did the British surrender to the
Americans in the Battle of Yorktown in 1781?
Northwest Ordinance
• It prohibited slavery in the territory and
earmarked funds from land sales for public
schools.
States
• Under the Articles of Confederation, who had
most of the power?
Shay’s Rebellion
• What event proved that a stronger national
government was needed to solve the nation’s
problems.
Salutary Neglect
• British crown ignored the colonies and they
developed their own system of government.
Trade
• Why was the Mississippi so important to
both the French and the English?
Pontiac
• Which famous Ottawa chief led a rebellion of
Native Americans against the British in 1763?
Proclamation of 1763
• Colonists couldn’t move west of the
Appalachian Mountains
Mercantilism
• Colonists could only purchase and sell their
goods to the mother country
Virtual – don’t forget this!!!!
• British politicians respond to the American’s
cry of “no taxation without representation”
by stating that the colonists had
___________ representation.
Boycott
• In the decade before the American
Revolution, the colonists’ achieved the
greatest effect by using which of the
following means of protest?
Quartering Act
• British troops could stay in a colonist’s home
Yorktown
• Which battle marked the end of the
American Revolution in 1781?
France
• Which country entered the war after the
Battle of Saratoga?
Olive Branch Petition
• Which document was written to profess
American loyalty to the crown and begging
the king to prevent further hostilities?
Thomas Paine
• Who wrote Common Sense?
Thomas Jefferson
• Who wrote the Declaration of
Independence?
Virginia Plan
• Large states supported this plan basing
representation in congress on a state’s
population
New Jersey Plan
• Small states supported this plan basing
representation in congress on equality
Great Compromise
• What was the name of the plan that
combined the Virginia and the New Jersey
plans together?
Great Compromise
• What was the name of the plan that
combined the Virginia and the New Jersey
plans together?
3/5 Compromise
• Slaves counted as 3/5 of a free white man for
representation in Congress
Electoral College
• This was added to the Constitution to
prevent stupid farmers from electing a stupid
farmer as the president
Democratic-Republicans and
Federalists
• Political squabbling had divided the
government by the end of Washington’s term
in office into which two political parties?
Federal gov’t assuming state debt
• What was the most controversial part of
Alexander Hamilton’s economic program to
pay off the domestic debts of the States?
President would enforce laws
• The decision of President George Washington
to use troops to put down the Whiskey
Rebellion in 1794 demonstrated…
VA and KY Resolutions
• The states could nullify the federal
government if they didn’t agree with a law.
Hamilton
• Who was the head of the Federalist party
during Washington’s Presidency?
Jefferson
• Who was the head of the DemocraticRepublican party during Washington’s
Presidency?
Elastic
• When Congress makes laws “necessary and
proper for carrying out its enumerated
powers,” it is using what clause?
Embargo
• During the ___________ of 1807, Jefferson
stopped trading with ALL other countries.
War of 1812
• The violation of America’s rights as a neutral
power, British helping the Native Americas,
and the desire of the Americas to want more
land led to which war?
Treaty of Ghent
• Which treaty officially ended the War of
1812?
John Marshall
• Which supreme court justice was most
famous for wanting the federal government
to be strong?
Jefferson
• Who was Washington’s Secretary of State?
Hamilton
• Who was Washington’s Secretary of
Treasury?
Capital to DC
• What was moved South in order for the
Southerners to finally agree to assumption
and funding at par of the state debts since
they had almost paid theirs off?
tariff
• Tax on imported good
Excise tax
• Tax on domestic good
Political parties; foreign involvement
• What two things did Washington warn
against in his Farewell Address?
XYZ Affair
• “Millions for defense, but not one cent for
tribute” describes which infamous event
during the presidency of Adams?
Stay in office (federalists)
• Why did the Adams administration pass the
Alien and Sedition Acts?
VA and KY Resolutions
• What were written in response to the Alien
and Sedition Acts by Jefferson and Madison
in secret?
Jefferson
• During the Election of 1800, two candidates
tied with the most electoral votes. The
House of Representatives, influenced by
Alexander Hamilton, selected which
President?
Midnight judges; Marbury v. Madison
• What was the nickname for the judges
appointed at the last minute by President
Adams? Which Supreme Court case came
from these appointments?
He strictly interpreted the Constitution
• Explain why the Purchase of Louisiana was
difficult for Jefferson.
William Henry Harrison
• Which war hero gained his fame at the Battle
of Tippecanoe?
Washington DC
• During the War of 1812, which famous city
was burned by the British?
New Orleans
• Which battle in the War of 1812, which battle
took place after the war was over?
American System
• P – Protective tariff
• I – Internal Improvements
• N – National Bank
Missouri Compromise
• Missouri = slave state
• Maine = free state
• No slavery north of 36’ 30
Very little farming could be done north
of the line (no need for slaves)
• Explain why the 36°30’ line wasn’t a bigger
problem for the Southern states.
Monroe Doctrine
• Non-intervention
• Non-colonization
Abominations
• South Carolina’s adoption of the theory of
nullification was encouraged by the tariff of
________________
Electoral College
• The House of Representatives decided the
1824 presidential election when no candidate
received a majority of the vote in the
______________ ________________
Andrew Jackson
• Which president was known for Indian
removal, the removal of federal deposits
from the Bank of the United States, use of
the presidential veto power?
Corrupt Bargain
• After the election of 1824, the president’s
choice of Henry Clay as secretary of state
resulted in charges of a ___________
________________with John Quincy Adams
Supreme Court
• In the first half of the nineteenth century,
Cherokee efforts to retain their tribal lands in
Georgia received direct support from which
federal body?
Jackson (Pet Banks)
• The number of banks, each issuing its own paper
currency, increased during whose administration?
Women’s rights
• What did the Declaration of Sentiments and
Resolutions support?
Enforce the tariff laws by sending
troops
• What was President Andrew Jackson’s
response to South Carolina’s nullification of
the Tariffs of 1828 and 1823?
Cotton Gin
• What invention had the greatest impact on
the institution of slavery in the United States
in the first quarter of the nineteenth century?
An overwhelming majority of native-born Americans
welcomed the immigrants as a cheap source of labor.
•
•
•
•
PICK OUT THE LIE
Improvements in ship technology made the
ocean voyage relatively cheap and fast.
Poorer immigrants lived in the cities while those
with some money farmed in the West.
An overwhelming majority of native-born
Americans welcomed the immigrants as a cheap
source of labor.
The South attracted the least number of
immigrants.
1ST women’s rights convention
• Why was the Seneca Falls Convention
significant?
Charles Finney
• Which of the following was the greatest of all
the revival preachers who believed that
alcohol and slavery should be abolished?
North (anti-slavery)
• Opposition to the US plan for the annexation
of Texas came, primarily, from
IV only
Which of the following is true regarding Texas?
I. the U.S. got it from Spain after the Mexican
War
II. its annexation was most strongly supported by
New Englanders who viewed it as a potential
market
III. Southerners were eager to acquire it to stop
the spread of slavery
IV. it was annexed partially because the U.S.
feared British designs on it
Wilmot Proviso
• What sought to ban slavery in the territory
acquired from Mexico
Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo
What treaty gave us the territory in letter C?
Ireland and Germany
• Which two countries supplied the largest
number of immigrants to the United States
during the first half of the nineteenth
century?
Potatoes
• During the 1840s, large numbers of Irish
immigrated to the United States mainly
because of Famine resulting from the failure
of which crop?
Civil disobedience
• Which belief did Henry David Thoreau,
Mahatma Gandhi, and Dr. Martin Luther
King, Jr. share in common?
Dorothea Dix
• Who was the leader of the movement to
reform asylums and prisons?
Horace Mann
• Who was the most influential spokesman for
the common school movement?
Texas
• Which state actually existed for ten years as
an independent nation before its admission
to the Union?
Oregon
• The rallying cry “Fifty-Four Forty or Fight”
referred to which desired territory?
Strike
• Refusing to work
Elias Howe
• Sewing Machine
Catherine Beecher
• Urged women to teach
John Deere
• Steel plow
Cyrus Field
• Cable in the Atlantic
Eli Whitney
• Interchangeable parts
Scabs
• Strike breakers
Samuel Morse
• Telegraph
Cyrus McCormick
• Mechanical reaper
Samuel Slater
• Father of Industry
Lowell Mills
• Factory workers were mostly girls where?
Lincoln
• Person known for spot resolutions
Santa Ana
• Defeated American forces at the Alamo
Alamo
• Battle where Texans lost against Santa Ana
Mexico
• Country who emancipated slaves in 1830
Nicholas Trist
• Person who negotiated Treaty of Guadalupe
Hidalgo
San Jacinto
• Santa Anna was forced to surrender after this
battle
they could not afford the purchase price
• The majority of southern whites owned no
slaves because
Uncle Tom’s Cabin
• Harriet Beecher Stowe's, ________________,
was the enforced separation of slave families.
Popular Sovereignty
• The American public should vote on whether
to admit states with or without slavery.
California
• The quick formation of an effective
government in ______________was essential
because of the very large and unruly
population drawn into the state by the
discovery of gold.
Fugitive Slave Law
• The existence of the “Underground Railroad”
added to southern demands for a stronger
________________ ___________ ________
added to the Compromise of 1850.
Compromise of 1850
• California = free
• Texas = slave
• New Mexico and Utah = popular sovereignty
The extension of slavery to United States territories
should be prohibited by the federal government, but
slavery should be protected where it already existed.
• In the presidential campaign of 1860, what
position was asserted by the Republican
Party platform with respect to slavery?
Nicaragua and Cuba
• Southerners seeking to expand the territory
of slavery undertook filibustering military
expeditions to acquire which two countries?
Missouri Compromise
• Northerners especially resented Douglas’s
Kansas-Nebraska Act because it repealed the
________________ ____________
prohibiting slavery in northern territories.
John Brown
• The fanatical abolitionist __________
___________ made his first entry into
violent antislavery politics by killing five
proslavery settlers at Pottawatomie Creek,
Kansas.
Gadsden
• What was the name of the purchase that
happened to facilitate a Southern route for
the transcontinental railroad in Southern
California?
Dred Scott
• Which Supreme Court Case stated that the
Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional?
Africa
• The American Colonization Society wanted
blacks to return to which continent?
William Lloyd Garrison
• Which famous abolitionist was the publisher
of the Liberator?
Harriet Tubman
• Who was the most famous “conductor” on
the Underground Railroad?
Republican
• Which political party made huge strides in
the election of 1856 although they didn’t
win?
John Brown
• Which famous abolitionist led a raid on
Harper’s Ferry to provide weapons to slaves?
Lincoln
• Within two months after the election of
____________________, seven southern
states had seceded and formed the
Confederate States of America.
Border
• During the Civil War, Missouri, Kentucky,
Maryland were known as ___________
states.
Fort Sumter
• The firing on ___________ _____________
had the effect of arousing Northern support
for a war to put down South’s “rebellion.”
II Only
• Immediately following secession, which of
the following is true?
I.
the North tied reentry into the Union to the
abolition of slavery
II. the North was receptive to compromise to restore
the Union
III. both Buchanan and Lincoln moved quickly to
restore the Union by force
IV. the South was receptive to compromise to restore
the Union
Fort Sumter
• Lincoln’s plan for the besieged units in
_______________ ______________ was to
provide provisions for the garrison but not to
reinforce it.
Union; Slaves
• Lincoln at first declared that the war was
being fought only to save the _________and
not to free the _______________.
I
• At the outset of the Civil War, the South had
all of the following advantages EXCEPT
I. better generals
II. the hope of enlisting support from the border
states
III. hope of foreign intervention
IV. adequate manufacturing resources
I and II
• Which of the following were advantages for
the North at the outset of the Civil War?
I.
II.
III.
IV.
they had a stronger navy than the South
they had better political leaders
they were fighting a defensive war
they had better generals
Butternut
• The areas of southern Ohio, Indiana, and
Illinois that sympathized with the South and
opposed an antislavery war.
Better generals
• Among the potential advantages of the
Confederacy at the beginning of the Civil War
was
Britain
• The South’s weapon of “King Cotton” failed
to draw _____________into the war on the
side of the Confederacy because cotton from
previous stockpiles and other sources like
Egypt and India.
I, II, and III
• Which of the following was true during the
Civil War?
I.
II.
III.
IV.
personal liberties were constricted
executive power increased
conscription (draft) was practiced
the election of a president was suspended until the
end of the war
South Carolina
• The first state to secede from the Union was
Border States
• President Lincoln was reluctant to
emancipate the slaves in the first years of the
Civil War because he feared that
emancipation would drive the __________
______________ out of the Union
Emancipation Proclamation
• In the ________________ _______________,
President Lincoln announced that as of
January, 1 1863, he would free slaves in
states in rebellion against the United States.
Lee, Stonewall Jackson
• List one of the most famous Southern
generals.
Grant, Sherman, McClellan
• List one of the most famous Northern
generals.
Blockade
• What was term used to describe the
prevention of ships entering or leaving
Southern forts?
Jefferson Davis
• Who was elected as the president of the
Confederacy?
John Wilkes Booth
• Who shot Lincoln?
Antietam
• Ensured that France and Britain would not
enter the war on behalf of the Confederacy
Sherman’s March
• Involved the capture of Atlanta
Fort Sumter
• 1st Battle of the Civil War
Appomattox Courthouse
• South surrendered
Bull Run
• Proved that the war might last longer that was
originally expected
Anaconda Plan
• Surround the Confederacy by blockade,
controlling the Mississippi, and capturing
Richmond
Gettysburg
• Northern most battle of the Civil War
Vicksburg
• Capture of the Mississippi
Freedman’s Bureau
• The original purpose of the Freedmen's
Bureau was to assist blacks in their transition
from slaves to freedmen
Sharecroppers
• During Reconstruction, most Southern newly
freed slaves couldn’t afford to leave the
South. Therefore they became __________.
Church
• What was the “bedrock” of the black
community during Reconstruction?
10% Plan
• What was the nickname for Lincoln’s plan for
Reconstruction?
Black Codes
• During Reconstruction, what were written in
order to regulate the affairs of the
emancipated blacks?
Johnson
• Which president was impeached for
dismissing a federal employee, regardless of
the Tenure of Office Act?
Alaska
• What land was bought from Russia and
known as “Seward’s Folly?”