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VSEPR Model Valence-Shell Electron-Pair Repulsion The Valence-shell electron-pair repulsion (VSEPR) Model is a model that states electron pairs in a molecule will be as far apart from one another as they can be because they repel each other. In a molecule that has two valence shell electron pairs the electrons tend to be on opposite sides of the central atom. If there are three electron pairs around the central atom they are in a trigonal planar shape. With four electron pairs the arrangement is called a tetrahedral arrangement. With five electron pairs the arrangement is called trigonal bipyramid. With six electron pairs the arrangement is called an octahedren. Bond Angles Areas of Electron Density 180° Electron Pair Geometry Bonding Areas (Around Central Atom) Lone Pairs Linear 2 0 Molecular Geometry Example Linear 2 CO2 BeF2 Trigonal Planar 120° Other Examples 3 0 Trigonal Planar 3 BF3 NO3-1 2 < 120° 1 Bent CCl2 NO2-1 109.5° 4 Tetrahedral 4 0 Tetrahedral CH4 NH4+1 3 1 Trigonal Pyramidal NH3 CH3-1 2 2 Bent H 2O NH2-1 Document created by South Campus Library Learning Commons 7/27/05. Permission to copy and use is granted for educational use provided this copyright label is displayed. Bond Angles Areas of Electron Density Electron Pair Geometry Bonding Areas (Around Central Atom) Lone Pairs equatorial 120° 5 Trigonal Bipyramidal 5 0 Molecular Geometry Example Other Examples Trigonal Bipyramidal PCl5 SF5+1 equatorial/ axial 90° 4 3 2 1 2 3 Seesaw SF4 IF4+1 ClF3 SF3-1 T-shaped Linear XeF2 SF2-2 axial 180° 6 Octahedral 6 0 Octahedral SF6 all others 90° 5 1 PCl6-1 Square Pyramidal BrF5 SF5-1 4 2 Square Planar XeF4 SF4-2 Document created by South Campus Library Learning Commons 7/27/05. Permission to copy and use is granted for educational use provided this copyright label is displayed.
