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Evolution MCAS Biology Charles Darwin Charles Darwin • English naturalist • First to present Theory of Evolution • EVOLUTION: change over time; process by which modern organisms descended from ancient organisms Evidence of Evolution Evidence of Evolution 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Fossil record Comparative anatomy Molecular biology Genetics Natural selection 1. Fossil Record • Fossil- Fossil Record • Fossil- remains of ancient life, preserved in rock Fossil Record • Fossil- remains of ancient life, preserved in rock • Used as a record of life on Earth for extinct organisms • Shows that life changed over time 2. Comparative Anatomy • Homologous body structures Comparative Anatomy • Similarities in body parts, evolved from common ancestor • Adapted for survival in own environment Embryology Embryology • Similar patterns of development • Same cells develop in same order • Suggests that species are related Vestigial Organ Example: Whale pelvis Vestigial Organ • Vestigial organ- Organ that is no longer used/needed • Not all structures have important functions, but can show that organisms are related Example: Whale pelvis 3. Genetics 3. Genetics • Genetics- study or genes • Gene= a section of DNA that codes for a trait • Similar genetics= common ancestor 4. Molecular Biology 4. Molecular Biology • DNA codes for RNA • RNA codes for Protein • Proteins are used to express your traits (phenotype) Similar RNA and protein= common ancestor • Evolution implies that all living organisms are related to one another. 5. Natural Selection • Your ideas?
