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Judaism The History of this culture Abraham’s story 1900 B.C.E. Moses’ story 1285 B.C.E. Torah Babylonian Exile 587-536 B.C.E. Zealots 66 C.E. Another attempt 132 C.E. Religion Forbidden This caused the religion to be centered around the Torah Synagogues Rabbis Talmud Feasts, festivals, and celebrations (Focus on teaching children the stories of the faith Christianity People Mary Joseph Jesus – Trinity, Messiah, Where he preached, Christ Apostles Life and Death of Jesus- Crucifixion and Resurrection Bible, Scripture, New Testament, Gospel Major Groups Catholic Schism 1054 Orthodox Great Schism 1517 Protestant 4 Major Early Branches Lutheran Calvinist Anglican Anabaptist Other Christian Groups Church of Jesus Christ and Latter Day Saints Jehovah’s Witness Christian Feats Days Easter Sunday Christmas Day Islam Muslim Masque Minaret Allah Muhammad (story of) Religion Prior To Muhammad and Islam Receiving the Message Makka (Macca) Hegira (flight) to Yathrub (Medina) Where is Islam today? The Muslim Way of Life (The 5 Pillars) I. A profession of faith (Shahada) II. The Obligation to pray (Salat) III. The giving of alms (Zakat) IV. The obligation to fast (Ramadan) V. The pilgrimage to Makkah (Hajj) Ka’ba Jihad (Inner Struggle/for some Holy War) The way of Life: The Achievements of Muhammad Changed a cultures religion from polytheistic to monotheistic Increased women rights in his culture, and limited Polygamy Racial equality The Quran Hadith (book of Muhammad’s words, sayings, expressions,…) HINDU FAITH Caste System Brahman (Absolute or Ultimate Reality) (All gods of Hindu belief are faces of the Brahman) Brahma Vishnu Shiva Hindu concept of self Atman Nirvana Reincarnation Moksha Law of Karma Yoga Texts: Vedas Upanishads Brahmanas Bhagavad-Gita Sacred Cows BUDDHISM Siddhartha Gautama 563 to 486 B.C.E. Origin of Buddhism The Buddha Enlightenment Difference between Buddhism and the Hindu Faith Four Nobel Truths I. All things in the world entail sorrow and suffering. II. The cause of suffering is desire, the craving of the pleasures of life. III. The end of suffering will come only when the craving for pleasure is ended; one must let go of one’s desires. IV. The end of craving will come if a person follows the Eightfold path to perfection. The Eight-Fold Path I. Right views II. Right thought or intent III. Right speech IV. Right conduct V. Right livelihood VI. Right effort VII. Right mindfulness VIII. Right concentration Buddhist Monks Kinds of Buddhism Theravada Buddhism (monks) Mahayana Buddhism Zen Buddhism Buddhist Scriptures Share with Hindus the Vedic sources Pali Canon sometimes called the Theravadin Canon Tripitaka “Three Baskets of Wisdom” (Discipline, Sermon, and Metaphysical)