Download Modes of Speciation Practice Sheet

Advanced Biology II
Models of Speciation Practice Sheet
Basic Concepts Matching
Match each description with choice A, B, or C.
1. Heritable aspect of body form, physiology, or behavior
that prevents gene flow between genetically divergent populations.
2. Groups of interbreeding natural populations.
3. May occur as a result of stopping gene flow.
A. Mayr’s biological species
4. Look different but can interbreed and produce
B. Genetic divergence
fertile offspring.
C. Isolating mechanisms
5. Defined as the buildup of differences in the separated
pools of alleles of populations.
6. A “kind” of living thing.
7. Factors that prevent horses and zebras from
mating in the wild.
Types of Speciation Choice
For each of the following, choose one of the two items in parentheses that correctly completes the statement.
8. Instant speciation by polyploidy in many flowering plant species represents (parapatric/sympatric)
speciation.
9. In the past, hybrid orioles existed in a hybrid zone between eastern Baltimore orioles and western
Bullock orioles; today, hybrid orioles are becoming less frequent in this example of
(allopatric/parapatric) speciation.
10. In the absence of gene flow between geographically separate populations, genetic divergence may
become sufficient to bring about (allopatric/parapatric) speciation.
11. The uplifted ridge of land we now call the Isthmus of Panama divides the Atlantic Ocean from the
Pacific Ocean and forms a natural laboratory for biologists to study (allopatric/sympatric) speciation.
12. In the 1800’s, a major earthquake changed the course of the Mississippi River; this isolated some
populations of insects that could not swim or fly, and set the stage for (parapatric/allopatric)
speciation.
Reproductive Isolation Choice
For each of the following, identify if it describes a pre-zygotic or post-zygotic isolating mechanism.
13. Potential mates reproduce at different times during the year.
14. A hybrid offspring forms, but it has a low fitness
15. Two species occupy different habitat areas.
16. Potential mates meet but cannot “understand” each other’s mating advances
17. Sperm is unable to fertilize egg
18. The hybrid offspring is sterile
Reproductive Isolation Matching
Choose the correct type of reproductive isolation for each description.
19. Potential mates attempt engagement, but sperm
cannot be transferred.
20. In two sage species, each has its flower petals arranged
as a “landing platform” for a different pollinating insect
21. Potential mates reproduce at different times during the year.
22. Two species of cicada, one of which reproduces every 13 years,
the other every 17 years
A. Temporal
B. Behavioral
C. Mechanical
23. A hybrid offspring forms, but it has a low fitness
D. Gametic
24. Populations of certain grasses have differing tolerances to
copper, so exist at different distances from a copper mine,
and are beginning to speciate.
E. Ecological
25. Sperm and egg of sea urchin species don’t match and cannot
fertilize each other
26. Two species occupy different habitat areas.
27. Potential mates meet but cannot “understand” each other’s
mating advances
28. Sperm is unable to fertilize egg
29. Prior to copulation, male and female birds engage in complex
courtship rituals recognized only by birds of their own species.
30. The hybrid offspring is sterile
31. The egg is fertilized, but the zygote or early embryo dies
F. Hybrid inviability
G. Hybrid sterility
H. Hybrid mortality