Download PowerPoint

(Symbiosis)
Symbiosis is a close relationship between two
organisms in which one organisms lives near, on,
or even inside another organism and in which
at least one organism benefits.
Crocodile and plover
In commensalism, one of the organisms benefits
and the other is not harmed by the association.
Example of
commensalism:
An osprey builds
a big, flat nest for
its eggs.
Smaller birds, such
as sparrows and
wrens set up
homes beneath the
osprey’s nest. The
little birds obtain
protection from
their enemies by
living so close to
the osprey.
The remora fish can attach itself to a shark, whale,
or large turtle and be carried from meal to meal,
feeding on scraps scattered by its host.
Cattle egrets forage in fields among cattle and
other livestock. As the livestock grazes, insects are
stirred up which the egrets feed on.
Orchids grow on
the branches or
trunks of trees in
the rainforest.
There, the
orchids get
plenty of
sunlight. They
can also take
water and
nutrients from
the tree’s bark .
In mutualism, both organisms benefit.
Anemone & clownfish . Clownfish are immune to anemone’s sting, eats its leftovers, lures
other prey over, eats any dead tentacles
Example of
mutualism: goby fish
and shrimp
The shrimp builds a
burrow in the sand for
them to live in. The
shrimp is nearly blind
so it keeps one of its
long feelers on the
goby. When danger
approaches, the goby
warns the shrimp and
both retreat into the
burrow.
The plover gets into the crocodile's mouth and picks out the tiny bits of food stuck in his teeth.
She eats them and often this completes her diet.
This cleans the crocodile's teeth and keeps his mouth fresh and free from infections.
So, the Plover bird gets her food and the crocodile gets his mouth cleaned.
fly from flower to flower gathering nectar, which
they make into food, benefiting the bees. When
they land in a flower, the bees get some pollen on
their hairy bodies, and when they land in the next
flower, some of the pollen from the first one rubs
off, pollinating* the plant. This benefits the plants.
In this mutualistic relationship, the bees get to eat,
and the flowering plants get to reproduce.
In parasitism, one organisms benefits
and the other is harmed.
Examples of parasitism:
Blood drinking animals such as fleas, ticks, mosquitoes,
leeches, and vampire bats are parasites
Cuckoos lay their eggs in other bird’s nests. When the young
hatch, they kick the other eggs and young birds of its foster
parents out of the nest
The parasite’s unlucky partner
Is called its host.