Download Magnetism and Radioactivity Review for Test Friday April 22, 2011

Magnetism and Radioactivity Review for Test Friday April 22, 2011
Name:___________________
1. Like poles of a magnetic ___REPEL__________, while opposite poles __ATTRACT__________.
2. A magnet has this many poles? 2 A NORTH AND A SOUTH
3. Earth’s magnetic field is called this __MAGNETOSPHERE_________.
4. If a magnet is broken into 2 pieces what occurs to the 2 magnet pieces? IT FORMS 2 SEPARATE MAGNETS EACH
WITH A NORTH AND SOUTH POLE
5. Magnetic forces (increase/decrease) as the distance between two magnets increases.
6. Where is the magnetic field the strongest at on a magnet? AT THE POLES
7. What can cause the realignment of magnetic domains? WHILE PLACING A FERROMAGNETIC MATERIAL IN A
MAGNETIC FIELD WILL MAGNETIZE IT, HEAT OR JARRING CAN REALIGN THE MAGNETIC DOMAINS CAUSING THE
MAGNET TO LOSE STRENGTH
8. Electricity and magnetism are different aspects of a single force known as the _________________
electromagnetic force.
9. What is an electromagnet? A SOLENOID (A COIL OF CURRENT CARRYING WIRE THAT PRODUCES A MAGNETIC
FIELD) WITH A FERROMAGNETIC CORE, THE STRENGTH IS DEPENDANT UPON THE CURRENT IN THE WIRE, THE
NUMBER OF LOOPS IN THE COIL, AND THE TYPE OF MAGNET IN THE CORE
10. What are the energy conversions involved in which of the following types of electricity generation?
a. Coal CHEMICAL ENERGY  MECHANICAL ENERGY  ELECTRICAL ENERGY
b. Petroleum CHEMICAL ENERGY  MECHANICAL ENERGY  ELECTRICAL ENERGY
c. Natural Gas CHEMICAL ENERGY  MECHANICAL ENERGY  ELECTRICAL ENERGY
d. Nuclear NUCLEAR ENERGY  MECHANICAL ENERGY  ELECTRICAL ENERGY
e. Solar SOLAR ENERGY  CHEMICAL ENERGY  ELECTRICAL ENERGY
f. Wind KINETIC ENERGY  MECHANICAL ENERGY  ELECTRICAL ENERGY
11. What is electromagnetic induction? PROCESS OF GENERATING A CURRENT BY MOVING AN ELECTRICAL
CONDUCTOR RELATIVE TO A MAGNETIC FIELD
12. What is a transformer? A DEVICE THAT INCREASES OR DECREASES THE VOLTAGE AND CURRENT OF 2 LINKED AC
CIRCUITS
13. What is a generator? A DEVICE THAT CONVERTS MECHANICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
14. Small portable generators should not be run in home due to what type of poisoning? CARBON MONOXIDE
15. What is radioactivity? THE SPONTANEOUS DECAY OF AN UNSTABLE NUCLEUS OF AN ATOM
16. What are the 3 form of radioactive decay? ALPHA DECAY, BETA DECAY , AND GAMMA RAY
17. Rank the 3 forms of radioactive decay from least dangerous to most dangerous. ALPHA DECAY, BETA DECAY ,
AND GAMMA RAY
18. What is the difference between fission and fusion? FISSION IS THE SPLITTING OF THE NUCLEUS INTO SMALLER
PARTS RELEASING ENERGY, FUSION IS THE JOINING OF SMALLER NUCLEI INTO A LARGE NUCLEUS
19. What does the mass number and atomic number do in alpha decay? DECREASES BY 4
20. What does the mass number and atomic number do in beta decay? DECREASES BY 2
21. Which form of radioactive decay has no mass and no charge? GAMMA RAYS
22. Which noble gas is radioactive and naturally seeps up through the ground. RADON
23. A nuclear reaction/chemical reaction releases more energy for a given amount of mass.
24. What are some advantages and disadvantages for each type of electrical power generation?
ADVANTAGES IN GREEN, DISADVANTAGES IN RED
a. Coal CHEAP AND PRODUCES LOTS OF CHEMICAL ENERGY RELEASES GREENHOUSE GASES, USUALLY HIGH
IN SULFUR THAT CAUSES ACID RAIN
b. Petroleum CHEAP AND PRODUCES LOTS OF CHEMICAL ENERGY RELEASES GREENHOUSE GASES MAKES
THE US DEPENDANT ON FOREIGN COUNTRIES THAT ARE NOT FRIENDLY TOWARDS TO US
c. Natural Gas CHEAP AND PRODUCES LOTS OF CHEMICAL ENERGY RELEASES GREENHOUSE GASES
d. Nuclear DOESN’T RELEASE GREENHOUSE GASES, DEPENDABLE, SPENT FUEL RODS ARE DANGEROUS FOR
MANY YEARS, AND ARE EXPENSIVE TO BUILD
e. Solar CHEAP ENERGY ONCE BUILT AND USED FOR A FEW YEARS, TAKES 3-5 YEARS TO RECOUP THE COST
TO BUILD, SUN MUST SUN CONSITENTLY
f. Wind CHEAP ENERGY ONCE BUILT AND USED FOR A FEW YEARS, MUST BE PLACED IN AREAS WHERE THE
WIND BLOWS CONSISTENTLY