Download Animal Mitosis - MsHollandScience

1. DNA overload
 2. Surface area to volume ratio


1. DNA Overload
› Size of the cell would be too large for the
DNA to control and handle
 Compare to a small vs. large town. If town gets too
big, it can’t supply people with enough resources, like
the DNA cant supply the cell

2. Surface area to volume ratio
› As cell grows, it needs more resources but
surface area can’t bring enough in
 Volume increases but surface area stays the
same
Cell Division
2 Major Phases
1. Interphase
›G1
›S
›G2
2. “M” Phase-Mitosis
›Prophase
1
›Metaphase
›Anaphase
›Telophase
2
›Cytokinesis

Longest?

Shortest?
› Interphase
› Mitosis
› Because it
› Because its simply
developing all
organelles for cell to
divide and growing
in size
reorganizing cell
components
thought 5 steps and
splitting in two
Structure of a Chromosome- two “sister” chromatids attached in the
middle with a centromere
“sister” means they are identical to one another
A
B
C
Chromosome
a. G1 phase•
•
most of cell growth is done here. It’s the longest phase
make organelles…think 1st growth phase
b. S phase•
the copying of DNA
c. G2 phases• Many organelles required for division are produced like centrioles.
Nucleus
CELL
MEMBRANE
Cytoplasm
Animal Cell
Plant Cell
Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm
1. Chromatin becomes shorter and fatter to form chromosomes
2. Centrioles(organelles)appear and move to opposite ends of cell- they work
to pull apart chromosomes
3. Spindles form
4. Nucleus starts to break down
** longest phase in Mitosis**
Centrioles
Sister chromatids
Spindle fibers
Animal Cell
Plant Cell
Spindle fibers
Centrioles
Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm
Chromosomes attach to spindle and spindle pulls chromosomes to middle
of cell
Centrioles
Spindle fibers
Animal Cell
Plant Cell
Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm
Spindle pulls apart chromosome into 2 chromatids that move them to opposite
sides of cell
** shortest phase in mitosis**
Centrioles
Spindle fibers
Animal Cell
Plant Cell
Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm
1.
2.
3.
4.
Chromosomes become long and stringy to form chromatin again
Centrioles move back together and disappear
Spindles break apart
Nucleus reforms
Nuclei
Chromatin
Nuclei
Animal Cell
Plant Cell
Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm
• Actually splitting of cell into 2 identical daughter cells
• Cell membrane moves inward to create two daughter cells. Happens at end of
telophase
Animal Mitosis -- Review
1. Interphase
2. Prophase
3. Metaphase
4. Anaphase
5. Telophase
6. Cytokinesis
Plant Mitosis -- Review
1. Interphase
2. Prophase
3. Metaphase
4. Anaphase
5. Telophase
6. Cytokinesis
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http://www.cellsalive.com/mitosis.htm