Download Early Medieval Europe 500-1050

The Middle Ages in
Western Europe
500-1500
Early Middle Ages (500-1000)
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Europe fragmented into
various Germanic
kingdoms after Rome’s
collapse in 5th c.
Spain, S. Italy, and Sicily
were all conquered by
Muslims by 8th c.
Feudal system developed
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High Middle Ages (1000-1300)
The Crusades
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Muslim Turks controlled Christian shrines in
M. E. by 1000
Pope urged Christian knights to “liberate” the
Holy Land
Crusaders captured Jerusalem in 1099
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Saladin recaptured
Jerusalem during 3rd
Crusade
Muslims had
recaptured all of the
Holy Land by 1291
Impact of the Crusades
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Benefited the European
economy, especially N.
Italy
Europeans gained new
technologies from the
Muslim world
Europe started to emerge
from the isolation of the
Middle Ages
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The Late Middle Ages (1300-1450)
The Black Death
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Killed 1/3 of Europe’s population
Impact:
-Decline of Feudalism
-Peasant Revolts
-Improved peasant conditions
post-Plague
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The Great Western Schism
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Resulted from the
election of two competing
popes
Europe took sides
Eventually resolved, but
popes lost power to kings
Weakened the Church as
an institution
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The Hundred Years’ War
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Began with a dispute over
French throne
England won important early
victories (longbow,
gunpowder)
English were expelled from
most of France by 1453
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Impacts?
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Nobility decimated
Kings centralized
power
Feudal decline
accelerated
Growth of
nationalism