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Alexis Palacios 2nd period 12/7/2011 Biology Genetic Disorders Essay The disorder I found interesting Hypothyroidism. Hypothyroidism is a common condition which is the thyroid glands produces too little thyroid hormones. About 1 in every 5,000 babies is born with Congenital Hypothyroidism. Thyroid gland fails to grow normally and cannot produce enough thyroid hormone. There is no known cause for most cases of Congenital Hypothyroid 10% to 20% the condition is caused by an inherited defect the alters then production of thyroid hormone. Most common inherited form of Hypothyroidism is defect TPO (Thyroid Peroxidase) gene on Chromosomes 2. Thee gene plays an important role in thyroid hormone production. A disease caused by antibodies that attacks the thyroid gland. Surgery or radiation is used to treat thyroid cancer. Rare and random genetic events in which a mutation is acquired during early development. Babies with inherited form hypothyroidism affect growth and cognitive development. It may cause mental retardation, delayed puberty, stunted growth or ataxia (inability to coordinate muscle movements) Babies are screened for Hypothyroidism 24 hours after birth or tiny sample of blood taken from the baby’s heel is tested for low thyroid hormone levels or (TSH) levels. Hypothyroidism is treated with hormone replacement therapy. People with Hypothyroidism must take a synthetic form of thyroid hormone every day to reduce their symptoms.