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PROPOSAL FOR ADDITIONS TO THE PNCC HERITAGE LIST- RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS IAN BOWMAN, architect and conservator VAL BURR, historian Palmerston North City Council Index Introduction ........................................................................................ 3 Brentwood Ave, 32-34 Botanical Road, 120-134 .............................. 7 Park Road, 83.................................................................................... 9 Park Road, 109................................................................................ 13 Church Street, 66 (Heritage Precinct) ............................................ 16 Church Street, 70 (Heritage Precinct) ............................................ 18 Church Street, 72 (Heritage Precinct) ............................................. 20 Church Street, 76 (Heritage Precinct) ............................................. 22 Church Street, 78 (Heritage Precinct) ............................................. 25 Church Street, 80 (Heritage precinct) ............................................. 27 Botanical Road, 304 (Heritage precinct) ........................................ 29 Botanical Road, 306 (Heritage precinct) ......................................... 31 Botanical Road, 308 (Heritage precinct) ......................................... 33 Botanical Road, 310 (Heritage precinct) ......................................... 35 Chelwood Street, 36 ........................................................................ 37 Rewa Street, 32 ............................................................................... 41 Featherston Street, 134 ................................................................... 43 Nikau Avenue, 11 (Heritage precinct) ............................................. 46 Nikau Street, 19 (Heritage precinct) ................................................ 48 Annandale Avenue, 15 (Heritage precinct) ..................................... 51 Annandale Avenue, 17 (Heritage precinct) ..................................... 54 Argyle Avenue, 54 (Heritage precinct) ............................................ 56 Argyle Avenue, 58 (Heritage precinct) ............................................ 58 Argyle Avenue, 60 (Heritage precinct) ............................................ 60 Raglan Avenue, 27 .......................................................................... 63 College Street, 385 .......................................................................... 65 Marne Street, 108 (same as 229 Fitzherbert St) ............................. 68 Awatea Street, 10 ............................................................................ 71 Te Awe Awe Street, 41 .................................................................... 73 Jickell Street, 79 .............................................................................. 76 Fergusson Street, 491 ..................................................................... 79 Albert Street, 204 ............................................................................ 83 Fergusson Street, 618 ..................................................................... 86 Rainforth Street, 43 ......................................................................... 89 Grey Street, 203 .............................................................................. 92 Heritage Building Inventory Residential Featherston Street, 353 ................................................................... 95 Ward Street, 14 ............................................................................... 99 North Street, 87 (Heritage precinct) ............................................. 104 North Street, 83 (Heritage precinct) ............................................. 106 North Street, 79 (Heritage precinct) ............................................. 109 North Street, 73 (Heritage precinct) ............................................. 112 Rongopai Street, 77 ....................................................................... 115 Rongopai Street, 67 ....................................................................... 118 Lombard Street, 32 ........................................................................ 121 Williams Street, 8 ........................................................................... 124 Alfred Street, 46 ............................................................................. 126 Stanford South Street, 76, Ashurst ................................................ 129 Oxford Street, 93, Ashurst ............................................................. 132 Glossary of architects .................................................................... 135 Architectural styles ........................................................................ 143 page 2 Palmerston North City Council Heritage Building Inventory Introduction 1.0 Commission Matthew Mackay, Policy Planner of the Palmerston North City Council commissioned this assessment of individual buildings for potential listing in Appendix 17A “Schedule of Buildings and Objects of Cultural Heritage Value” of the District Plan. This current review is an update of assessments made in 2008. A review of the residential properties listed on the District Plan was a part of the commission to revise the 2008 heritage inventory. The intention was to determine what ages and styles of housing were already listed to define what further listings would provide a more comprehensive coverage in the District Plan. 2.0 ANALYSIS OF ALREADY SCHEDULED HOUSES 2.1 List of already scheduled houses The following lists houses by age and style that are included in the Schedule of Buildings and Objects of Cultural Heritage value in Appendix 17A of the Palmerston North City Council District Plan. Age range Pre 1880 18811900 19011920 Building Age Style Anderson cottage 56 Brightwater Terrace 294 Cambridge Avenue Ashhurst Craiglockhart (Mognie House) Caccia Birch House 16 Guy Avenue House 239 Ruahine Street 1875 Ca. 1880? 1888 Plain villa Box cottage Double box cottage 1890 Queen Anne 1892/95 1893 Ca. 1900 House 241 Ruahine Street Ca. 1900 Rangi Marie 3 Rangiora Avenue Kaingahou 624 Pioneer Highway Ca. 1900 Queen Anne Italianate One room wide bay villa One room wide bay villa Corner bay villa 1903/4 Bay villa 19211940 Residential 170 Russell Street 1923 House 320 Church Street 1928 House 314 Church Street 1930 King Street flats, King Street Savage Crescent 1930 Californian Bungalow English Domestic Revival English Domestic Revival Free Classical 1930s/40s State housing 1941- In addition there are several houses not listed in the District Plan but registered with the NZHPT. These are listed below Name Address House 28 Ranfurly Street, Palmerston North 40 Ranfurly Street, Palmerston North 44 Ranfurly Street, Palmerston North House House PNCC Category II II II Age Style Ca. 1900 Ca. 1900 Ca. 1900 Corner bay villa Bay villa Bay villa 2.2 Summary Of the existing listed houses: 2 are pre 1880 7 are 1881-1900 1 is 1901-1920 5 are 1921-1940 None 1941 and more recent From this brief assessment, it can be seen that there are very few scheduled houses and of those few most were constructed between 1881-1900 and 1921-1940. This small number clearly does not reflect the range of potential residential built heritage constructed in Palmerston North. page 3 Palmerston North City Council Heritage Building Inventory Residential 2.3 Recommendations Further scheduling is recommended across all age ranges of residential building but particularly pre-1880, 1901-1920 and post 1941. Scheduling of the three NZHPT registered houses is recommended. Scheduling of Savage Crescent is recommended also as is scheduling of areas of housing with built heritage values. 3.2 Research Historian Val Burr researched primary and secondary records to establish as detailed a history as possible within the time allowed. Documents consulted include certificates of title, deeds, Council archives, and local, regional and national histories. Areas for research included: • the history of the site and its development • the history of building construction and subsequent alterations and additions • the history of significant events and people associated with the building • a brief history of the construction firm, significant trades people, architects and other professionals involved 3.0 Council archives provided building consent information including plans and specifications as well as consent application documents. In addition there are no areas of historic housing currently listed in the District Plan. Savage Crescent is a nationally recognised heritage area of State housing built in between 1938 and 1945. This area is not currently listed on the District Plan nor is it registered as an historic area by the NZHPT. SELECTION OF RESIDENTIAL BUILDING WITH BUILT HERITAGE VALUES 3.1 Methodology The methodology to identify heritage resources was based on an area-based visual survey. An area based, street survey of every building is used to visually identify potential heritage buildings by age, style, form of construction, group value and contribution to the streetscape. The assessments were made on the basis of external viewing of the property from the street and no interiors were inspected. The survey was prepared using a standardized inventory sheet to collect visual data during the inspection. The format of the sheet was based on the ICOMOS, Principles For The Recording Of Monuments, Groups Of Buildings And Sites, 1996. The principal information collected included: • Construction date • Visible materials • Architectural style • Date and compiler 4.0 STANDARD INVENTORY RECORD In order to present the historical research and visually identified information, a standardised inventory format was prepared. The sheet is divided into seven main headings, with an assessment summary as follows: 4.1 • • • • • • • • • • • • Summary information Street address Building type/use Photograph Architect Construction date Visible materials Architectural style Use/building type Date and compiler Plans Legal description NZHPT registration (if registered) page 4 Palmerston North City Council 4.2 • • Physical and social history Site history as per 3.2 Modifications 4.3 Architectural design Based on either visual information or Council archive documentation, the following elements of the structure were described: • Plan • Style • Construction • Materials 4.4 Basis of assessment Each of the buildings was assessed according to the criteria set out in section 17.3 Objectives and Polices of the District Plan: (a) Cultural Values • Emotional • Historical • Design • Technological (b) Use Values (c) Contextual Values. • Measure • Level of authenticity Based on the identified and extent of heritage values, the place was ranked as to whether the values represented are high, moderate, or low and whether it was significant from a national, regional, or local perspective. A recommendation is given, as to what category of heritage building the item should be listed as in the Palmerston North City Council District Plan. 4.5 Heritage values Based on the information able to be established above, the potential heritage item was assessed and described with respect to heritage values each represented in each of the houses. Heritage Building Inventory Residential 4.6 Assessment of significance Based on the identified and extent of heritage values, the item was ranked as to whether the values represented are high, moderate, or low and whether it was significant from a national, regional, or local perspective. A recommendation was given, as set out in 5.9 below, as to what category of heritage building, place of object, the item should be listed as in the District Plan. The following assessment to define rankings was used: CULTURAL VALUES 4.6.1 Emotional high moderate low Historical high moderate low focus of national or regional community identity, commemoration, interest, sense of place, or contains nationally or regionally significant spiritual or religious values focus of local community identity, commemoration, interest, sense of place or contains locally significant spiritual or religious values has minor community focus, commemoration, sense of place or minor spiritual or religious values intimately associated with a group, person, event or pattern of national or regional significance and/or reflects continuity for a century or more intimately associated with a group, person, event or pattern of local significance and/or reflects continuity between 50 and 100 years minor or peripheral connection to a locally significant group, person, event or pattern and/or was constructed within the fifty years page 5 Palmerston North City Council 4.6.2 Design High Moderate Low 4.6.3 4.6.5 highly original, early, ideal, landmark or innovative design, style, use of materials, or craftsmanship for the period good design, style, use of materials, or craftsmanship for the period typical design, style use of materials, or craftsmanship for the period Technological High highly original, ideal, innovative or early construction design for the period Moderate good example of construction design for the period Low common construction design for the period USE It is presumed that each building selected has use values for at least architectural history didactive values as well as, where occupied, economic values. CONTEXTUAL 4.6.4 Measure Rarity High Moderate Low Heritage Building Inventory first, only remaining or one of very few of the period, locally/regionally/nationally one of few of the period, locally/regionally/nationally common for the period, locally/regionally/nationally Representivity high has all the key characteristics of architecture or technology of the period Moderate has many of the characteristics of the architecture or technology of the period Low has few characteristics of the architecture or technology or period Authenticity high Moderate Low Residential unchanged or has had important modifications since construction retaining heritage values unimportant changes since construction but essential character and most heritage values retained character changed significantly with few heritage values remaining 4.7 Assessment summary for each building The following table summarises the heritage values each item contains, the level of those values (high, moderate, or low), and whether the item has national, regional, or local significance. Significance Proposed category PNCC District Plan Criteria Cultural Emotional Historical Design Technology Spiritual Sentimental Symbolic Political People Events Age Tradition Continuity Style Materials Group Materials Construction Contextual Measure Authenticity Rarity Landmark Representative Design Setting Materials Craftsmanship page 6 Palmerston North City Council Church Street, 80 (Heritage precinct) House Heritage Building Inventory Residential PHYSICAL AND SOCIAL HISTORY CT WN473/153 was issued on 26 September 1939, to Hugh William Baines, a Palmerston North farmer. In 1940 it was transferred to Jane Wilson, a spinster of PN. Possibly she is the woman of that name, also described as a spinster of Brightwater Home, who died on 24 December 1971, aged 94 years. 1952 Thomas Bruce Alexander Stephenson a student teacher of PN. 1972 Anthony James Stanfield, a company director, & his wife Ephney Natalie Stanfield, of PN. 1978 A.J. Stanfield alone. 1979 Philip James Stanfield, a draughtsman, & his wife Catherine Anne Stanfield, of PN. 1996 P.J. Stanfield alone. 2000 Judy Anne Kent The Building Permit records include the addition of a carport in 1982, additions to the house in 1985 and a garage in 1990 for the Stanfields. A room was also added to the back of the garage in 1994 to serve as a bedroom or office. Architect/designer: A Teulon Construction date: 1939 Visible materials: corrugated steel roof; rendered walls; timber joinery Architectural style: Moderne Use/building type: Residential Date and compiler: Ian Bowman, Val Burr, 2007, revision 2012 Legal description: Lot 3 Deposited Plan 1456 NZHPT registration: ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN This group of modest Moderne styled houses are single storey with plans are generally in a wide ‘T’ form. The houses have two to three bedrooms off a central corridor. Dining and sitting rooms are generally opposite the bedrooms and the kitchen, laundry and bath room are at the rear. The sitting room projects forward to the road and entry porch is inset. Construction is timber frame with cement rendered exterior. The roofing slopes gently to the rear with stepped parapet hiding the roof. Each of the houses has a “motor shed” which has sliding timber doors with the same construction, render, sloping roof and stepped parapet. The general style of the houses is Moderne as shown in the rectangular forms, minimal linear mouldings on the parapets, page 27 Palmerston North City Council stepped walls, simple geometric decoration, curved openings to porches and groupings of triple casement windows. A Teulon’s name appears on each of the drawings and it is presumed that he designed the houses. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The group has high local significance for its cultural heritage values, its local representivity of building style and high level of authenticity. Heritage Building Inventory ASSESSMENT SUMMARY Significance Proposed category PNCC District Plan Criteria Cultural Emotional Historical The group has historical values in their association with the designer and developer, A Teulon and their representivity of a late 1930 s and early 1940s subdivision. The group has design values in the consistency and representivity of a builder’s speculative version of the Moderne style used. The location, form, scale, style, materials and elevational treatment contribute to the design and landmark values of the setting. The group is significant for the rarity of intactness of the original subdivision, the high number of houses, which are largely authentic. Residential Design Technology Spiritual Sentimental Symbolic Political People Events Age Tradition Continuity Style Materials Group Materials Construction high local 2 M H M H M M Contextual Measure Authenticity Rarity Landmark Representative Design Setting Materials Craftsmanship H M H H H H H References PNCC Archives drawings 115/66, 115/70, 115/72, 115/76, 115/78, 115/80, 64/304, 64/306, 64/308, 64/310. Certificates of Title: WN473/153 (September 1939), prior WN470/235 page 28 Palmerston North City Council Chelwood Street, 36 House Heritage Building Inventory Residential PHYSICAL AND SOCIAL HISTORY The original plans for this house on the corner of Chelwood and Shamrock Street, are dated 25 September 1937, although the architect is not indicated on them. The plans were drawn up for Mr “E.” Trevor, however, this name should have been Mr G.E. Trevor. The plans included provision for an electric washer in the laundry. George Edgar Trevor was a co-owner of the prominent local brick manufacturing and construction firm Trevor Bros. Ltd. This firm derived from the contracting firm of a prominent Wellingtonian, James Trevor. Work the firm undertook included a railway tunnel on the Wellington & Manawatu Railway Company. When his sons joined him in the business, it became Messrs Trevor & Sons, and the many large buildings it built there included the (Wellington) “Corporation powerhouse”. In 1904, James Trevor’s son, George E. Trevor, came to Palmerston North on business for the firm – and remained here. At least one other son, Harold, also came to Palmerston North at some point. When James Trevor retired in about 1911 (he died in 1915), his sons took over the business and carried on under the name Trevor Bros. By this time it had branches in both Wellington and Palmerston North. The company’s brickworks and clay pit were on the eastern side of present-day Vautier Park, in a portion of the pit/park that has more recently served as a BMX bicycle track. Architect/designer: possibly Edmund Anscombe Construction date: 1937 Visible materials: ceramic tile roof; rendered walls; timber joinery Architectural style: Spanish Mission Use/building type: Residential Date and compiler: Ian Bowman, Val Burr, 2007, revision 2012 Legal description: Lot 1 Deposited Plan 73701 NZHPT registration: The company built some very significant buildings around Palmerston North, with surviving ones including the former Central Post Office (1905), the Grand Hotel (1906), the Palmerston North Electric Power Station (1923) and St. Patrick’s Cathedral (1925). They also built Feilding’s St. Brigid’s Catholic Church (1925). Others now demolished included the Clarendon Hotel, the main BNZ (1914), the Convent of Mercy in Fitchett Street (1925-1984), the Opera House (1904), the ‘new main portion’ of the Public Hospital as described in 1940, and Palmerston North Girl’s High School page 37 Palmerston North City Council (actual building status uncertain). Others whose current status is 13 unknown were the New Plymouth and Wanganui Hospitals. In 1929, Trevor Bros., Mounseys’ brickworks (formerly Prentices’ brickworks, on the site of the netball courts within the Vautier Park pit) and Brick & Pipes Ltd., merged into one company under the name Brick & Pipes Ltd., and operated from that company’s Featherston Street site. This is the site of the historic Hoffmann kiln and the associated Featherston Street Pit. George Trevor was subsequently managing director of building firm Messrs Bodell & Co. Ltd., until his death in Palmerston North in 14 1940. The Trevor Bros. pit was bought at some point by the Ministry of Works, and in the 1940s it supplied metal for street 15 construction in the surrounding Roslyn state housing area. CT WN447/281 was issued to Martha Ellen Bodell and Maud Sarah Trevor, both married women of Palmerston North as tenants in common in equal shares. The property then consisted of 1 rood, 24.02 perches. In 1938, in what on paper seems a complex arrangement, Martha Bodell transferred part of her share to Maud Trevor, and then Maud and Martha together passed a portion of the remainder to William Benjamin Bodell. He was described as a building contractor, however, he was also a business associate of George Trevor, and presumably was the husband of Martha Bodell. The balance remaining went to George William Travers. 13 Evening Standard 19 April 1940 8(6) ‘Obituary: Mr George Edgar Trevor.’ Evening Post 13 May 1915 8(5) ‘Obituary: Mr James Trevor’. Also Jo Kellaway & Mike Maryan, A Century of Care: Palmerston North Hospital 1893-1993 (Focus Books, Australia, 1993): p. 47; B.G.R. Saunders, Manawatu’s Old Buildings (Massey University, Palmerston North, 1987): pp. 74, 83, 109, 129, 147; R.H. Billens & H.L. Verry, From Swamp to City: commemorating the Diamond Jubilee of the city 1877-1977 (Palmerston North, 1937): p. 45. 14 Evening Standard 19 April 1940 8(6) ‘Obituary: Mr George Edgar Trevor;’ 20 April 1940 8(6) ‘Late Mr G.E. Trevor’. 15 Dorothy Pilkington, Heritage Trails: Palmerston North City Heritage Trail (PN Heritage Trails Working Party, 1993): pp. 59-60. Heritage Building Inventory Residential Maud Trevor’s share became CT WN462/271 dated 1938. It comprised about half the previous property and mostly fronted Shamrock Street. A mortgage that perhaps paid for the house was dated the same year. George Trevor, still of this address, died in mid-April 1940 aged 64. He was buried at Terrace End Cemetery on 16 April 1940. Originally the upstairs portion of this house consisted of two bedrooms and a dressing room. The downstairs area was larger than the upstairs area and perhaps allowance had been made for the upstairs portion to be enlarged at some future time. Accordingly, the Building Permit records indicate that in 1944, Mrs E. (Maud) Trevor added an additional bedroom upstairs. She owned the property until 1957, and died on 19 July 1982, aged 87. Her address then was 25 Collingwood Street. Her ashes were buried in the same plot at Terrace End Cemetery as George. In 1957, the house was transferred to John Ferguson Levestaun, a company manager of Palmerston North. In 1959 his wife, Lesley Diane Levestaun was added. Subsequent owners were: 1963 Hugh Sydney Trotter, traveller, & Joan Hamilton Trotter, of PN 1977 Joan Hamilton Trotter as survivor 1980 Denzil Xavier Chin-Fatt, veterinarian, & his wife Carool Poh Cheng Chin-Fatt 1992 CT shows section’s division into two lots, this house being on Lot 1 The Building Permit records include a plan of the house dated 1968. This was done for owner H.S. Trotter, who wished to build a carport. The plans show a studio on the site of the garage that appears on the original plan. There does not appear to be any other garage on the property in 1968. The carport’s architect was Callander & Brogden of Palmerston North. page 38 Palmerston North City Council Hugh Sydney Trotter, of this address, is recorded in the Kelvin Grove cemetery records as having died on 1 July 1977, aged 68. He was described as a grain store manager. In 1988-9, the Irvines removed a wall between the dining room and passage and did other internal alterations to the house. In 1991, the property was subdivided, with the back of the section being separated off. This new section fronted Shamrock Street. ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN This two storied house has an ‘L’ shaped plan with living, dining, kitchen and laundry on the ground floor and two bedrooms, dressing room and bathroom on the first floor. The angled entry is located in the re-entrant corner leading to a hall and the stair. The house is of timber framing with cement render on the exterior. Tiles are fitted to the parapet and angled entry roof, with the timber truss roof hidden behind the parapet clad with corrugated steel. The kitchen roof, also hidden behind a parapet is or corrugated steel. The general form of the house is of two two-storied rectangular blocks with single storey extension to the rear and facetted entrance. The style of the house is Spanish Mission, a form of Art Deco, made popular by architects such as Edmund Anscombe. The chief characteristics of the style, as seen in this house are the rectangular forms, the Spanish tiles, the half Dutch gable transition between ground and first floor, external render, cast iron grilles and the arcaded back entry porch. The semi-circular openings to the front entry porch and the stair window are also typical of this style. The triple casement windows with toplights is used on many houses of this age, especially Moderne and Art Deco. The window boxes are an original detail. Heritage Building Inventory Residential containment. It is taller than many adjacent houses and, with an unusual style, the house is a local landmark. The possibility of Edmund Anscombe designing the building comes about from the style of the house and lettering style of the drawing which matches other drawings by Anscombe. Anscombe had a practice in Wellington at the time of the design of the house, 1937 and designed 278-280 Jackson Street, Petone in 1935 in the same style. Anscombe had a Palmerston North connection in development of a concrete block system which was used in R and W H Symington and Company’s factory in the city – see 1-5 Roy Street. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The house has high local significance for its cultural heritage values, its local and possible regional rarity of building style and high level of authenticity. The house has historical value in its association with the original owner for whom the house was designed, Mr E Trevor. The house is a rare Palmerston North example of the Spanish Mission design style, made popular and possibly designed by Edmund Anscombe. If it can be proven that Anscombe designed the house, this would enhance its rarity, historical and design values. The scale, form and style of the house make it a local landmark contrasting with adjacent smaller scaled and differently styled houses. The house and external details are largely authentic. The house sits on a corner with the plan of the house a mirror image of the shape of the corner. The scale and form of the house reinforce the corner location and provide an appropriate page 39 Palmerston North City Council Heritage Building Inventory Residential ASSESSMENT SUMMARY Significance Proposed category PNCC District Plan Criteria Cultural Emotional Historical Design Technology Spiritual Sentimental Symbolic Political People Events Age Tradition Continuity Style Materials Group Materials Construction high local 2 M H M M M Contextual Measure Authenticity Rarity Landmark Representative Design Setting Materials Craftsmanship H M H H M H H References PNCC Archives 109/36. Certificates of Title: WN499/222 (1944), prior WN498/264 (1943) page 40 Palmerston North City Council Rewa Street, 32 House Heritage Building Inventory Residential PHYSICAL AND SOCIAL HISTORY CT WN498/264, dated 1943, shows the subdivision of Rewa Street, the 23-Lot subdivision being owned by Esther Hannah Mayo as executrix. Of these, various members of the Barnao family bought five of these sections, the others being Lots 15, 16 and 17 opposite this house (Lot 11), and Lot 10, alongside it. CT WN299/222 covering Lot 11 is dated 28 January 1944 and was issued to Dorothy Concetta Barnao, a spinster of Palmerston North. In early 1946, the property was transferred to Henry Ernest Albert Steer, a tractor driver of PN. The original plans for this house are dated October 1945. They were drawn up for H.E.A. Steer, by architect M.T. Deadman. The date 10 May 1946 also appears on the plans. Another 1944 record in the Building Permit files, indicates that the builder was J.A. Sylva. Possibly this was John Albert Sylva. He died aged 61 on 5 August 1968, described in the Kelvin Grove Cemetery records as a company manager. Subsequent owners are: 1953 Joseph Leonard Simpson, taxi driver 1960 Joseph Bronlow (?) Ingham Gould, a farmer of Feilding 1989 Noreen Gould, a spinster of PN 1994 Andrew David John King, a cabinetmaker, & Laureen Catherine King, a teacher. A Versatile Garage was added in 1995, followed by a log fire in 1998. Architect/designer: M.T. Deadman Construction date: 1945 Visible materials: flat roof, rendered walls; timber and stained glass joinery Architectural style: Use/building type: Residential Date and compiler: Ian Bowman, Val Burr, 2007, revision 2012 Legal description: Lot 11 Deposited Plan 9994 NZHPT registration: ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN The house is an early design of Merlin Trevor Deadman who worked as an architect for the Wanganui education board for most of his career. He was admitted as an associate of the New Zealand Institute of Architects in 1965. page 41 Palmerston North City Council The house is single storey with three bedrooms, lounge, living room, kitchen, bathroom, toilet and laundry. The plan is an approximate shallow ‘T’ shape with entry from the street off centre with the lounge on one side and the main bedroom on the other. The entry leads to a hall and passage at right angles leading to the kitchen and living room. The building is timber frame with a cement render finish. The roof is noted on the original drawings as corrugated fibrolite and is a shallow single pitch sloping to the rear supported by a timber truss. The roof is hidden by a stepped parapet The general style is Moderne as seen in the general low rectangular shallow stepped forms, curved front walls, stepped flat parapets, cement rendered walls simple Art Deco styled render decoration, and triple casement windows. The interior details of diagonally glazed panelled doors and stepped shallow fireplace are also consistent with the style. Leaded windows and arched trellis-work to the entry porch are unusual design elements. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The house has high local significance for its cultural heritage values, its local representivity of building style and high level of authenticity. Heritage Building Inventory Residential ASSESSMENT SUMMARY Significance Proposed category PNCC District Plan Criteria Cultural Emotional Historical Design Technology Spiritual Sentimental Symbolic Political People Events Age Tradition Continuity Style Materials Group Materials Construction high local 2 M H M M M Contextual Measure Authenticity Rarity Landmark Representative Design Setting Materials Craftsmanship M H H M H H References Auckland School of Architecture Library Shepperd Files Certificates of Title: WN499/222 (1944), prior WN498/264 (1943) The house has historical values in its association with the architect, M T Deadman, with this house a rare example of his noneducational design work. It is also historically associated with the Mr H E A Steer, for whom the house was designed. The house is a good representative example of an architecturally designed Moderne design style building. The house design can be compared with the Church Street precinct where is it clear that there is a greater degree of design input into the proportions and detailing. The house and external details are largely authentic. page 42 Palmerston North City Council Annandale Avenue, 15 (Heritage precinct) House Heritage Building Inventory Residential PHYSICAL AND SOCIAL HISTORY The original plans for this house indicate that it was built as a residence for Frederick Jackson, a builder, the architect being R. Thorrold-Jaggard. The plans are dated September 1924, and show bedroom No. 1 and an office downstairs, as well as three bedrooms, a nursery and a sleeping porch upstairs. The section the house is on at that time backed onto and in fact blocks Beresford Street’s potential route onto Annandale Avenue. In 1941, Lance Sydney Weld, a bus proprietor, and his wife Eva Irene Weld, purchased the property. L.S. Weld operated Weld Motors, a well-known local bus company of its time. Weld’s obituary records that he had started Weld Motors in 1932, running a single bus between Marton and Palmerston North. Previously he had a mail run into the Pohangina Valley. He had lived in Marton until 1940, when his bus business became too big to operate from that town. At that point he moved to Palmerston North and so came to own this house. In 1944 the company, which gave its address as “Annadale Avenue”, Palmerston North, advertised in Wise’s Post Office Directory (p. 560) that it ran daily bus services to Marton, Bulls, Ohakea, Sanson, Tangimoana and Rongotea. By the time Weld died on 25 April 1972, aged 73, the firm owned nine buses, rental mini buses, and was involved with charter buses. Weld had also served in executive positions in the New Zealand Road Passenger Service Assn. The firm operated until 1988, however, by that time its only scheduled services were between Palmerston North, Sanson 19 and Bulls. It also operated school runs and charter services. Architect/designer: R Thorrold-Jaggard Construction date: 1924 Visible materials: roof; walls; joinery Architectural style: English Domestic Revival Use/building type: Residential Date and compiler: Ian Bowman, Val Burr, 2007 Legal description: NZHPT registration: Subsequent owners are: 1972 Transmission to Eva Irene Weld as survivor 19 Manawatu Standard 26 April 1972 3(8) ‘Mr L.S. Weld dies at 73’; The information on the last days of Weld Motors was obtained from internet sources, including the Omnibus Society website http://www.omnibussociety.wellington.net.nz/buslocation/bedford/val1215.ht ml and notes by former staff on the website www.oldfriends.co.nz page 51 Palmerston North City Council 1972 Clifton Raymond Anderson, company manager, & Reginald Sydney Brown, builder, tenants in common in equal shares. Anderson & Brown subdivided the property, removing the back portion that fronts Beresford Street. Subsequent owners of the house are: 1973 Trevor Donald McLeay, welder, & his wife Doreen Florence McLeay 1978 Grant William Burtenshaw, manager, & his wife Lorraine Florence Burtenshaw 1980 Alan James Adamson, insurance officer, & his wife Margaret Joan Adamson, of PN 1984 Peter Hickey, army officer, & his wife Hazel Violet Hickey 1988 Current Owners The building permit file also includes the plans for a large garage/workshop that was to be built on Section 28 and facing a new portion of Beresford Street. Note that No. 15 Annandale Avenue was described as being sited on Section 29, so this may have been the neighbouring section. This building was also designed (in January 1924) by R. Thorrold-Jaggard, and may have been intended as the house’s garage. The layout of the building generally resembles a stable, with loose boxes converted to accommodate cars etc. This building was not apparent in a search of that end of Beresford Street. A Mr Wild (or maybe ‘Weld) of Beresford Street extended the garage at some point, but this was undated. The Building Permit records indicate that a garage was built in 1990 for then-owners J.W. Tweedie and K.M. Stowell. In 1994 they added a conservatory, a new entrance and decking. Then in 2001 they converted an office into a new bathroom. ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN This substantial two storied house was designed by R ThorroldJaggard in a style which crosses between English Domestic Revival and the Californian Bungalow styles and with some Arts and Crafts Heritage Building Inventory Residential details. The dominant, 45 degree pitched gable roofs with cat slide, asymmetry of plan, multiple chimneys and bands of windows are typical of the style, made popular in England by architects such as C F A Voysey, Norman Shaw and W E Nesfield. Skillion roofed dormers are usually associated with the Bungalow style while the flat topped splayed chimneys with brackets are Arts and Crafts details. The sections drawing through the house show Arts and Crafts panelling and stair details, which were also common in Bungalow style houses. The plan of the house is a wide ‘T’ with central entry at the junction of the two forms leading to stairs at right angles to the entry. On one side of the entry hall is a ‘reception lounge’ and breakfast room, both of which open onto a sun porch. On the other side is the main bedroom and under the stairs is an office. To the rear are the kitchen, laundry and toilet. Off the half landing is the bathroom and toilet and on the first floor are three bedrooms, and small and large open balconies. The original drawings suggest that the main structure is brick with brick internal walls. The base of the house is exposed brickwork with the entry porch also of brick. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The group of houses has high local significance for cultural heritage values, its local representivity of building style, materials and high level of authenticity. This house has an historical association with regionally significant architect, R Thorrold-Jaggard, who is known to have designed it. Palmerston North is fortunate in having a number of streets constructed in the 1930s in the Bungalow style and this street is a good representative example of Bungalow and related styled houses, such as Arts and Crafts and English Domestic Revival. The street has a mix of larger and more modest houses. The houses and their external details are largely authentic. page 52 Palmerston North City Council Heritage Building Inventory Residential ASSESSMENT SUMMARY Significance Proposed category PNCC District Plan Criteria Cultural Emotional Historical Design Technology Spiritual Sentimental Symbolic Political People Events Age Tradition Continuity Style Materials Group Materials Construction high local 2 H H M H M M Contextual Measure Authenticity Rarity Landmark Representative Design Setting Materials Craftsmanship H H H H H References Certificates of Title: WN11C/1088 (1973), prior WN317/68 page 53 Palmerston North City Council Argyle Avenue, 60 (Heritage precinct) House Heritage Building Inventory Residential PHYSICAL AND SOCIAL HISTORY The plans for this two-storied house and its garage were drawn up as a residence for “Mr W. Procter”, in May 1929. The permit (No. 922) was issued on 16 June 1929. The architect is not mentioned on the plans. The house had one bedroom downstairs and three bedrooms plus a sleeping porch upstairs. A balcony off the sleeping porch appeared large enough to become another bedroom. CT WN410/206 was duly issued on 11 November 1929. William Proctor, who is assumed to be the same as the man of that name who built this house, died on 12 April 1973, aged 92. At the time of his death he had lived at Taupo and his occupation was listed in the Kelvin Grove Cemetery records as a builder. His wife Minnie died on 30 April 1957 aged 75, her address given as 112B Linton St., Palmerston North. Architect/designer: Construction date: 1929 Visible materials: Marseille tile roof; brick and rough cast walls; timber and leadlight joinery Architectural style: Use/building type: Residential Date and compiler: Ian Bowman, Val Burr, 2007, revision 2012 Legal description: NZHPT registration: Subsequent owners are: 1937 Laurence Philip Bourke, schoolteacher, David Gerard Bourke, priest, John Joseph Bourke, medical student & Mary Bourke, spinster, all of PN as tenants in common in equal shares 1948 Transmission of L.H. Bourke’s share to David Gerard Bourke of Reefton, minister of religion, & John Joseph Bourke of Wellington, medical practitioner, as executors 1948 Transfer by the registered proprietors to Rosanna Bourke, widow of PN 1960 Blair Duncan Major, company director of PN 1972 Jeannine Anne Masters, schoolteacher of PN 1976 J.A. Master’s marriage to Richard Meredith Bradley, primary schoolteacher of Eltham 1978 R.M. Bradley added to CT, then of PN 1986 Barry Leslie Hawker, import manager, & his wife Ingrid Ellen Hawker, of PN 1989 Charles Neville Kenward, manager, & his wife Valerie Jean Kenward, of PN. CT 41B/391 was then issued apparently for the identical land area 1994 Current Owners page 60 Palmerston North City Council Heritage Building Inventory Residential Work mentioned in the Building Permit files includes a garage for Mr & Mrs N. Kenward in 1989 and a gas heater for the R.B. and A. Taylor Family Trust in 2001. matching the colour of the Marseille tiled main roof. Gables have timber shingles and many of the windows are diamond patterned leaded glass. A newspaper article dated 4 September 1993 (Ian Matheson City Archives Community Archives A175/167) when the house was for sale, describes the house in some detail, identifies its name (but not the source of the name), and adds that its kitchen was modernised in the 1950s. The 1989 three-car garage-workshop had also replaced the 1929 single garage The general form of the house is English Domestic revival, with Arts and Crafts detailing, such as the tapered chimneys. , both growing out of an interest in traditional English domestic architecture. The asymmetry, relatively small scale, internal corner porch, expansive roofs, rough cast plaster, brick, prominent chimneys, small paned, leaded windows, and diamond openings, reflect the Arts and Crafts style, with skillion dormers, exposed rafter ends are common details the English Domestic Revival style. ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN Number 60 Argyle Street is a two storied house with a ‘Z’ shaped plan. The main roof is parallel with the street and has two overlapping 45 degree pitched gables on one side and a small flat roofed dormer on the other. Under the main gable facing the street is a wide bay window and the other gable protects a Tudor arched entry porch. The rear elevation of the house, opposite the street, has two skillion roofed dormers and a lean-to extension over the porch. An extensive columned loggia extends from the house on the side of the house. Slightly off centre is a wide hall leading to the stair and behind the stair, the kitchen. On one side of the hall is the living room and on the other is the main bedroom. Through double doors from the living room is the breakfast room, which leads to the outside under the loggia. To the rear of the kitchen is an open porch leading to a toilet and laundry. The first floor has two small and one moderate sized bedrooms, a ‘sleeping porch, and a large landing. One bedroom and the bathroom are accessed off a landing each with separate stairs for access. All of the spaces in the first floor are within the roof space. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The house and heritage precinct have high local significance for cultural heritage values, representivity of building style, materials and a high level of authenticity. The house is historically associated with William Proctor for whom the house was designed. Within the city, this street has a rare consistency in the use of th English domestic styles of the early 20 century. The Arts and Crafts and English Domestic revival styles draw on similar influences and houses in this street are good representative example of these two Revival styles. It is also likely to be rare in that the work of two well recognised Palmerston North architects, L G West and R Thorrold-Jaggard can be seen. The houses and their external details are largely authentic. The house is constructed of rough cast on brick with the brick exposed at the base and around the bay window and the with rough cast render. The bay window facing the street has plain tiles page 61 Palmerston North City Council Heritage Building Inventory Residential ASSESSMENT SUMMARY Significance Proposed category PNCC District Plan Criteria Cultural Emotional Historical Design Technology Spiritual Sentimental Symbolic Political People Events Age Tradition Continuity Style Materials Group Materials Construction high local 2 L H M H M M Contextual Measure Authenticity Rarity Landmark Representative Design Setting Materials Craftsmanship H H H H H H References Certificates of Title: WN41B/391 (1992), prior WN410/206 (1929) page 62 Palmerston North City Council College Street, 385 House Heritage Building Inventory Residential PHYSICAL AND SOCIAL HISTORY CT WN461/69 was issued to Charlotte Elliott Warburton, spinster of Palmerston North, on 13 January 1938. The Building Permit records include the original plans for this building. These are dated December 1937 (Permit No. 1829) and were described as a proposed block of flats for Miss C. Warburton. The architect was R. Thorrold-Jaggard. The plans outlined two flats, one above the other. The upper flat had two bedrooms and a sunroom stretching between bedroom No. 1 and the sitting room. The house had a separate double garage that had a dividing wall between the two cars. It also contained a toilet, wood box and a shared laundry. Charlotte Eliot Warburton MBE was a member of a prominent early Palmerston North family. She had hoped to become an architect, however, her father was strongly opposed to women working or having careers, and refused to allow it. She was not able to participate fully in community activities until after his death in 1922. Her own wide range of public activities included involvement with the local Girl Guide movement and serving from 1940 as chairman of the Palmerston North district committee of the Women’s War Service Auxiliary. In 1931, she had become the first matron of the newly built refectory and hostel at Massey College. She retired from that position in 1938, the same year this house was built. She was made an MBE in 1946 for her meritorious service throughout the war years. Architect/designer: R Thorrold-Jaggard Construction date: 1938 Visible materials: Marseille tile roof; rendered walls; timber joinery Architectural style: English Domestic Revival Use/building type: Residential Date and compiler: Ian Bowman, Val Burr, 2007 Legal description: Lot 11-12 Deposited Plan 1817 NZHPT registration: Charlotte Warburton also wrote the local history book Changing Days and Changing Ways (published 1954), which is still well known to local historians. Her biography appears in The Dictionary of New Zealand Biography, Vol. 4: W5. She died on 17 December 1961, aged 78. Her address is given in the Terrace End Cemetery records as 387 College Street, although this is the same house renumbered. In 1962, the property was transmitted to Maud Agnes Dalgety, married woman of Palmerston North, as executor. At the same time page 65 Palmerston North City Council the property was then transferred to Maud and Frederick Warburton Dalgety, a Mangaweka farmer, as tenants in common in equal shares. Maud Dalgety’s share was then transferred to Frederick W. Dalgety in 1971. Subsequent owners are: 1991 Paul Frederick Freeman Egden & Jacqueline Anne Cripps, both PN medical practitioners 1993 Michael Kenneth Ellins, real estate salesperson, & Valerie Lois Ellis, shop assistant, of PN 1994 Steven Grierson Charles, draughtsman, & his wife Suzanne Kay Charles, of PN, who subdivided the property and were reissued CT WN45D/244 for the house 2003 Dean Lawrence Mckerras 2005 Carey David Jones & Kathrine Jones 2006 Current Owners In 1995, then owner, Steven Grierson Charles, a civil engineer, began the process of converting the two flats into a single dwelling. On the ground floor, part of the kitchen and a bedroom, became part of the garage, while the remainder of those rooms became part of the lounge. Other alterations included the front porch being partly closed in, while the upstairs sitting room became the master bedroom and the upstairs kitchen became its en suite. Meanwhile the existing garage at the back of the property was demolished, and the back part of the section was subdivided off and sold. Heritage Building Inventory Residential opposite the ground floor flat entry, leading to a hall and stairs leading to the first floor. The plan matches the ground floor pan with slight changes to the size of the bathroom, which incorporates the toilet and a box room over the ground floor flat entry porch. A double garage building is located at the rear, which also houses two woodsheds a toilet and a laundry. The general style of the building is Moderne, which is characterised by streamlined, curved walls, and an emphasis on horizontal lines. Flat roofs hidden by parapets were common. The style also encompasses references to boats, which can be seen in the circular window to the box room The term ‘Moderne’ was originally used to describe the more ornate buildings of the twenties and thirties that were not of the unadorned International style. It is now used to distinguish the cubic decorated Art Deco from the curved usually undecorated style of the later 1930’s and early 1940’s, which developed from Art Deco. The building is timber framed with “Konka”: plaster walls and it uses many of the details seen in the “Square Edge” building which the same architect designed. The roof has a slight pitch but is hidden behind the parapet. The garage added in 1995 has altered the east elevation while some minor replanning work to the interior was completed at the same time. In 2000, S.G. Charles added a new bay window to the ground floor lounge, to match the upstairs bay window. ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN The building is a two storied Moderne styled building housing two flats. The plans of the two flats are similar with the general form an ‘L shape. The entry to the ground floor flat is from the centre of one side of the building leading to a hall. The kitchen and sitting room are to the front of the building and the two bedrooms, bathroom and toilet to the rear of the building. The entry to the first floor flat is STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE This house has high local significance for cultural heritage values, its comparative rarity of building type, representivity of style and good level of authenticity. The building is historically associated with Miss C Warburton, who was active in community works including the Girl Guide movement and the Women’s War Service Auxiliary committee – much of this work occurring while she lived in the house. It is also historically page 66 Palmerston North City Council Heritage Building Inventory associated with well-recognised architect, R Thorrold-Jaggard, who designed the building. The block of flats was designed in a well-interpreted version of the Moderne style, with streamline curved walls, horizontal forms, parapet and circular window. Small blocks of flats with only two units are relatively rare, and their location outside the CBD, is even more rare. Residential Additional References Certificates of Title: WN45D/244 (1994), prior WN461/69 Ian Matheson City Archives Community Archives records A175/167 & Manawatu Standard 7/5/2005, p. 48 Despite demolition of the stand alone garage and addition of a new garage to the building, the building retains a good level of authenticity. ASSESSMENT SUMMARY Significance Proposed category PNCC District Plan Criteria Cultural Emotional Historical Design Technology Spiritual Sentimental Symbolic Political People Events Age Tradition Continuity Style Materials Group Materials Construction high local 2 H H M M M Contextual Measure Authenticity Rarity Landmark Representative Design Setting Materials Craftsmanship H H M M M M page 67 Residential Palmerston North City Council Heritage Building Inventory Te Awe Awe Street, 41 PHYSICAL AND SOCIAL HISTORY The original plans for this house are dated 6 June 1930 (Permit 412). While the owner (doubtless J.H. Johnston) was not identified on the plans, the architects were Helmore & Cotterill of Christchurch, and the builder was Spicer Bros. Ltd. of Palmerston North. House There is nothing else recorded on the Building Permit files. CT WN186/127 (1909) indicates that this land had belonged to Flora Emily Pascal, wife of Jean Baptiste Marius Pascal, a farmer of Awahuri, from at least that time. In the late 1920s she subdivided the property and in 1930 part of this property was sold to James Hope Johnston, a settler of Palmerston North. He further subdivided the property in 1954 and sold off part of it, but retained the house. He died on 13 June 1959 aged 67 years, described in the Terrace End Cemetery records as a clerk of this address. Later in 1959, the property was passed by transmission to solicitor Frank George Opie as executor. The property was again subdivided in 1974 and part was sold off. CT WN12C/1314 was issued in 1974, to cover the unsold balance of the property, to J.H. Johnston’s widow, Margot Ernestine Hannah Johnston. Architect/designer: Helmore and Cotterill Construction date: 1930 Visible materials: ceramic tile roof; plain weatherboard walls; timber joinery Architectural style: Neo-Georgian Use/building type: Residential Date and compiler: Ian Bowman, Val Burr, 2007 Legal description: Part Lot 1 Deposited Plan 8523 NZHPT registration: She died on 25 January 1980, aged 68 years, and the property was then transmitted to Kevin John O’Sullivan and Charles John Andrews, solicitors of Palmerston North, as executors, and then later that year it was transferred to Douglas Miller Hay, university lecturer, and Helene Philippa Christine Hay. ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN The house is an archetypal neo-Georgian styled house, a style Helmore and Cotterill made their own in numerous houses throughout New Zealand. Both architects visited American examples of Georgian architecture when travelling to England in page 73 Palmerston North City Council 1920 and then Helmore cemented an understanding of the style when working for Edwin Lutyens, who was designing neo-Georgian houses at the time. The two storied house has a moderately pitched gable roof, with the ridge parallel to the street. A small single storied gabled laundry extends to the east of the house. As is typical of the style, the house is rectangular in form with a simple floor plan. A centrally located front door leading to a an entry porch with cloak cupboard. The porch is an enclosed room separated from a central stair and hall. Off the hall to the west is the living room extending the width of the house, with kitchen and dining room to the east. The laundry is accessed from the kitchen. The rear of the hall leads to a central ‘verandah’. Heritage Building Inventory Residential The house has design and historical values as a representative example of the Neo-Georgian style which maintains an historical th continuity of the traditional Georgian style of the late 18 century th of England with its revival in the New World throughout the early 20 century. The house also has historical and design values as a Palmerston North example of the work of nationally recognised and influential Christchurch firm, Helmore and Cotterill. The house uses timber framing and cladding usual in the American versions of the style and commonly specified by the firm. The house is a good local representative example of the style and has external authenticity of design. ASSESSMENT SUMMARY The first floor plan has a four bedrooms and bathroom all accessed off the central stair hall. The moderately pitched gable roof, symmetrical elevations with subtle Classical details are characteristics of the neo-Georgian style as are the windows are small paned double hung sash with shutters. Other typical details on the house include a flat roofed canopy to the central front door has console brackets and simple fluted pilasters. In sympathy with American examples, the main framing and cladding are timber. The house was constructed in 1939, at a time when contemporaries, such as fellow Christchurch architect Paul Pascoe and local Palmerston North architect, Bernard Cox, were designing using Modern Movement principles. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The house has high local significance for its cultural heritage values, representivity of style and high level of external authenticity. Significance Proposed category PNCC District Plan Criteria Cultural Emotional Historical Design Technology Spiritual Sentimental Symbolic Political People Events Age Tradition Continuity Style Materials Group Materials Construction high local 2 H M M H M M M Contextual Measure Authenticity Rarity Landmark Representative Design Setting Materials Craftsmanship H H H H H H page 74 Palmerston North City Council Heritage Building Inventory Residential References http://www.historic.org.nz/Register/Professional.asp?ID=164 Certificate of title WN12C/1314 (1974), prior WN611/79 page 75 Residential Palmerston North City Council Heritage Building Inventory Fergusson Street, 491 PHYSICAL AND SOCIAL HISTORY The Wellington Provincial Government Gazette 1876: p. 40 records that “B. Newcombe” had bought Town section 887, Palmerston st th between the 1 and 29 February 1876. The section consisted of 1 acre 1 rood, and he had paid £25 for it. House Unlike many sections bought around that time, he had not paid with ‘scrip’ – certificates entitling the holders to land that had been handed out instead of cash around that time to those settlers who had fought in the New Zealand Wars. Many of these former fighters sold their scrip to speculators, who then bought Crown land as an investment. The timing of the Crown land sales in Palmerston North in the early 1870s, meant the town proved a popular place at which to deal with scrip matters. The neighbouring Section 885 was a small piece of a 70-acre investment (totalling £849, and did not involve scrip) made by prominent businessman Jacob Joseph in April 1874. Meanwhile Section 886 over the back fence (along with its neighbour Sec. 888 – totalling 2a 2r 0p) had been bought using £60 of scrip by ‘D.S. McLellan and another’ in August 1874. Then in January 1876, Shetland immigrant James Laurensen bought the remaining neighbouring section, No. 889, which was the same size and price 24 as Newcombe’s Architect/designer: Construction date: 1876 Visible materials: corrugated steel roof; rusticated and plain weatherboard walls; timber joinery Architectural style: Box cottage Use/building type: Residential Date and compiler: Ian Bowman, Val Burr, 2007, revision 2012 Legal description: Part Section 887 Township of Palmerston North NZHPT registration: CT WN10/246, dated 5 February 1876, was issued to Bernard Newcombe, who was described as a Palmerston North settler. It is assumed that he then built this house. The CT records that in September 1876 he mortgaged the property to the Manawatu Permanent Equitable Building & Investment Society. Possibly that covered the construction of the house. Two further mortgages were added in 1877 and 1878, and then all three were discharged in August 1879 when the property was transferred to prominent local businessman, James Linton, a land 24 Wellington Provincial Government Gazette 1874: pp. 109, 146; 1876: p. 14 page 79 Palmerston North City Council and commission agent who also served as mayor between 18791882 and 1884-1885. It is likely that Newcombe had fallen behind on his mortgage repayments and that Linton had bought the property as a rental. He owned the property until 1886. Subsequent owners were: 1886? John Blundell, of ‘Nullaglen’, printer & newspaper proprietor 1886? Patrick McNeil Hanna, ironmonger, of PN 1889 Elizabeth Smith, wife of William Smith, brickmaker of PN 1901 Transmission from E. Smith (died 14/01/1901, aged 64) to William Smith, brickmaker 1903 Transmission from W. Smith (died 04/05/1903, aged 63) to Harry Smith, brickmaker, and Elizabeth Belfit, married woman, both of PN The Smiths appear likely to have used this house as a rental or perhaps to house other family members. The family had arrived in New Zealand on the ‘Woodlark’ bound for the Manchester Block and Feilding in 1874. By 1878 William Smith owned land in Wood Street, Palmerston North, and in 1881 he was advertising bricks for sale from his property in Rangitikei Street. The 1897-8 Rate Book shows William paying rates on Sections 884, 885, 886 and 887 (about four acres) at that time. These were a block stretching between Ferguson and Church Street, and bordered on the western side by Alexandra Street (now Victoria Avenue). The Smith family home appears to have been on Section 884 (cnr Church and Alexandra Streets), Section 886 in Church Street appears to have been bare land, and Sections 885 (cnr Alexandra and Ferguson Streets) and 887 (facing Ferguson Street) were required to pay sanitation rates (for the night cart?), but did not have receive the council water supply. Clearly both 886 and 887 had a house, one of which (887) is the house under study here. Elizabeth Smith was also paying rates on Section 251, a 40-acre property on the corner of Vogel Street and Tremaine Ave., which is now covered in State houses. This property adjoins most of the city’s best-known former clay pits, and a cottage at 64 Vogel Street, that is possibly Roslyn’s oldest, appears to stand on this land. Heritage Building Inventory Residential William’s obituary records that he had lived in Palmerston North for some thirty years by the time of his death in 1903, after a lengthy illness. At the time he was living in Church Street, which supports the information in the aforementioned rate book. One of the couple’s sons formed a carrier business and this survives today as the firm 25 William L. Smith Ltd. The next owner was: 1903 Ellen O’Connor, wife of Michael O’Connor, settler of PN. The same year part was transferred to John Donald Manson. The balance (1 rood, 16 perches, or 1416 square metres), containing the house, was as follows: CT140/170 was issued in 1905 to Ellen O’Connor, wife of Michael O’Connor, settler, of Palmerston North. Subsequent owners were: 1905 John William Bragg, settler of PN 1906 Mary Hodgins, spinster, of PN, part was sold from the back of the property in 1938(?) and the balance was sold as follows: 1938 Roy Russell CT WN466/167 was issued in 1938 to Roy Russell, a bushman of Palmerston North. Possibly he was the same Roy Russell, by then referred to as a N.Z. Railways employee aged 66 years, who died on 18 April 1973. His address was given in the Kelvin Grove Cemetery records as 492 Ferguson Street, which is across the road from this house. Subsequent owners are: 1953 Albert William Coventry, caretaker, & his wife Violet Mabel Hazel Coventry, of PN 1954 Edward Joseph Taylor, greenkeeper of PN. 1959 Elizabeth Swanson Crawford, spinster of PN. 1965 Percy Stanley Wright, machinist, & his wife Florence Ellen Elizabeth, of PN 25 Jim Lundy, Nine thousand bricks a day: The Hoffman kiln and the brickworks of Palmerston North (PN, 2005) p. 16 page 80 Palmerston North City Council On 12 June 1968, Mrs F.E. Wright wrote a letter that is preserved in the Building Permit records. She complains about weeds and overgrowth on the PNCC’s right-of-way adjoining her property. She said that as a result, her garden had become infested with rabbits – including four at the same time. P.S. Wright, described as a caretaker, died on 19 December 1977, aged 76 years, and in 1980 the property was transmitted to Mrs F.E.E. Wright as survivor. On the same date it was transferred to Susan Jane Opie, a schoolteacher of Palmerston North, and then in 1985 to Susan Frances Evans, and E.D.P. Officer of Palmerston North. Mrs Wright, meanwhile, appears to have subsequently moved to the Awapuni home for the elderly. She died at the “Awapuni Ward” on 16 February 1991, aged 93 years. In 1990, the name of Michael Langley Allen Puklowski, a caneworker of Palmerston North, was added to that of the aforementioned S.F. Evans under the Joint Family Homes Act 1964. However, Puklowski’s name had appeared as the owner on a 1985 building permit application, when the couple sought to repile the house. Subsequent owners are: 1990 Vern Maurice Jansen, a fitter & turner, & Rachel Megan Campbell, cashier, of PN. 1997 Tristan Alan Marshall & Gayle Bernice Spiller. 2001 Helen Lorraine Hewitt 2004 Current Owners ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN Because of the age of the house, no original drawings exist in the PNCC archives and no changes since are recorded in the archives. The floor plan of the house is likely to follow a usual design with central corridor and rooms either side, with kitchen, laundry and toilet at the rear. Heritage Building Inventory Residential The form of the house is a Saltbox cottage. The main characteristic of these cottages is the gable roof with an uneven pitch where the roof to front of the ridge is greater than that behind the ridge. Usually there is an uneven length of roofing either side of the ridge. This cottage is single storey but they were often one and a half storeys with the attic space used for bedrooms. Saltbox cottages often had verandahs at the front, a precedence, which this cottage follows. The house is symmetrical about the centre of the front elevation, with central front door and single window either side. This follows the simplified version of Georgian seen in many colonial cottages in early settlements, such as Arrowtown. The house and verandah are timber framed with timber weatherboards. The level of authenticity of the exterior of the building appears to be high, but the interior authenticity cannot be confirmed. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The house has high regional and local significance for its cultural heritage values, its rare building form and high level of external authenticity. This house has considerable historic significance due to it age and therefore a considerable sense of continuity through the years. The house is almost unique as there is a distinct lack of other houses of this vintage still existing in Palmerston North. Its links to early settlers such as the Smith family and other local pioneering families add to its historic value. The house uses the traditional shiplap weatherboards on the side elevations, which can be traced to the 1500s in England and the ‘modern’ rusticated weatherboards on the front elevation. Rusticated weatherboards were designed to imitate stone and were created with the invention of mechanical sawing equipment of the 1850s and were popular in the US. The rusticated weatherboards page 81 Palmerston North City Council Heritage Building Inventory Residential were fixed on the street elevation because they were the up-to-date material, but the owner wasn’t wealthy enough to have the whole building clad in them. The house reflects a transition period before whole houses were clad in rusticated weatherboards. The saltbox cottage design, based on the Georgian cottage style, is rare in Palmerston North and is representative of the early period of house construction and design throughout New Zealand. This form of design can be traced to the crofters cottages of Scotland and Ireland reflecting continuity and tradition in the design of workers cottages. ASSESSMENT SUMMARY Significance Proposed category PNCC District Plan Criteria Cultural Emotional Historical Design Technology Spiritual Sentimental Symbolic Political People Events Age Tradition Continuity Style Materials Group Materials Construction high regional 1 H M H H M M M Contextual Measure Authenticity Rarity Landmark Representative Design Setting Materials Craftsmanship H H H L H H References Certificates of Title: WN466/167 (1938), prior WN140/170 (1905), WN10/246 (1876) page 82 Palmerston North City Council Albert Street, 204 House Heritage Building Inventory Residential PHYSICAL AND SOCIAL HISTORY The Building Permit records contain undated plans (No. 3/54/1) of this split-level house and garage underneath. They were drawn up for “E. Whitehead esq.” The architect was Bernard G. Cox. This file also includes an application, dated 29 July 1954, to build this dwelling for E. Whitehead. It records that the roof is made of “fabric”. The “gutter” was also “formed in fabric” CT WN651/83 was issued in 1955 to Eric David Whitehead, a leather merchant of Palmerston North. This property is spread over part of Suburban Section 1090 Township of Palmerston North, and part Hokowhitu N. 2. The property was also subject to a right to erect and maintain electric light poles and lines on the property. In 1955, the name of E.D. Whitehead’s wife, Constance Helen MacGregor Whitehead, was added to the CT under the Joint Family Homes Act 1950, although for unknown reasons this entry was subsequently cancelled. Mrs Whitehead died on 16 January 1966, aged 56 years. She was still living at this address at that time. The property was then transmitted to Eric Ralph Whitehead as survivor in 1966. On 16 June 1966, the property was transferred to James Cornfoot Jarvis Willis, a medical practitioner of Palmerston North. The Building Permit records show that this same year Dr. Willis applied to build a consulting rooms on the property. Architect/designer: Bernard Cox Construction date: 1954 Visible materials: corrugated steel roof; plain weatherboard walls; timber joinery Architectural style: Modern Movement Use/building type: Residential Date and compiler: Ian Bowman, Val Burr, 2007 Legal description: Lot 2 Deposited Plan 17652 NZHPT registration: Around 1971, a carport was built alongside Dr. Willis’ surgery. In 1974, the name of J.C.J. Willis’ wife Lorna Catherine Willis was added to the CT under the Joint Family Homes Act 1964. Council records show that the same year, additions were made to the house, including a new window. The additions were designed by architects Brogden & Davidson. Dr Willis died on 29 September 1974, aged 37 years. In 1975, the property was transmitted to Mrs Willis as survivor. page 83 Palmerston North City Council ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN Cox continued the exploration of the split-level concept he designed for the McMillans in Jickell Street. The sloping site was well suited to the form with the garage on the lower ground level leading to a laundry and stairs towards the rear of the site, arriving on the upper ground level by the kitchen. This level has the living and dining rooms at a slight angle to the line of the main house. These interior living areas focus on the large fire place, consistent with the principles of Frank Lloyd Wright. The dining and living both have fireplaces, which are back to back. The dining steps in from the living room, which, leads out onto a small terrace aligned with the rear wall of the house. On the same level is the main entrance hall at a greater angle to the house than the living and dining rooms. The hall leads to the bathroom and toilet. The front entry and the living room share the same verandah. The first floor houses the three bedroom and are directly over the garage and laundry Cox maintains his use of the Bay Area International Modern Movement style in the house with shallow mono pitched roofs with wide eaves, large areas of glazing, weatherboards, and a relaxed atmosphere. As was common on the period and style, the house is relatively modest built opening planning and built in joinery made maximum use of the available space. Heritage Building Inventory Residential STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The house has high regional and local significance for its cultural heritage values and its rare building form and high level of authenticity. The house has historical values as a house designed by Palmerston North’s foremost architect, Bernard Cox, and its association with local city retailer, Eric Whitehead, for whom it was designed. It has design values as a modest scaled, representative Bay Area Modern Movement International style house consistent with the forms, materials and colours of New Zealand architects exploring the concept of the vernacular New Zealand house, particularly Vernon Brown. Timber framed construction and creosoted shiplap weatherboards with white trim were essential features of the houses. The use of shiplap weatherboards, a traditional, material, in an extremely modern design is a delightful juxtaposition. The split-level design is a rare early feature that Cox used in a number of houses in the post war period. The form allows the clear external articulation of the functioning of the house. The exterior and interior of the house appear to be authentic from its construction. The house was built at a time when architects were interested in the concept of what a New Zealand house should be. Auckland architect Vernon Brown was well known for his exploration of the subject and his houses of the 1940s, also drawing on the Bay Area style, were not dissimilar to this Cox house in form and use of creosoted timber weatherboards and white trim. page 84 Palmerston North City Council Heritage Building Inventory Residential ASSESSMENT SUMMARY Significance Proposed category PNCC District Plan Criteria Cultural Emotional Historical Design Technology Spiritual Sentimental Symbolic Political People Events Age Tradition Continuity Style Materials Group Materials Construction high regional 1 H M H M M M Contextual Measure Authenticity Rarity Landmark Representative Design Setting Materials Craftsmanship H H H L H H References Tate, Margaret, The Houses of Bernard Cox, An Exhibition held on the Archives Office Palmerston North City Library Building, May 2001 Manawatu Branch, NZ Historic Places Trust Certificates of title, WN651/83 (1955), prior WN600/187, WN600/188 page 85 Residential Palmerston North City Council Heritage Building Inventory Fergusson Street, 618 PHYSICAL AND SOCIAL HISTORY CT WN181/185 was issued on 26 February 1909 to Frederick Edward Kuhtze, Theodore Carl Kuhtze and Benjamin Wilfred Kuhtze, all cabinetmakers of Palmerston North, as tenants in common. Following World War One, this family changed the spelling of its name to Coutts. House In 1915, the property was transferred to Erik Jespersen, a dairy importer and machinery manufacturer, who operated his business in Cuba Street, the head office of which being in Rangitikei Street. The plans for the five-bedroom house – dated 30 November 1922 - are 26 held in the L.G. West papers at the Ian Matheson City Archives . These show that the house was to be attached to an existing building at the back alongside its back door, and also a separate washhouse from a previous house had been retained close to the back of the house. The maid’s room was accessed directly from the kitchen. Possibly the family had also lived in the previous house on the site. The Jespersens were obliged by law (as unnaturalised persons living in NZ during World War One) to register as aliens under the Registration of Aliens Act, 1917. Their entries (from late 1917) indicate that Erik Jespersen was aged 32 at that time. He was of Danish nationality, and had been in New Zealand for seven years. He described himself as a merchant. His wife Margrethe was aged 28, also Danish, and had been in New Zealand for two years. They 27 gave their address as P.O. Box 121, Palmerston North. Architect/designer: L G West Construction date: 1922 Visible materials: Marseille tile roof; rendered walls; timber and steel joinery Architectural style: English Domestic Revival Use/building type: Residential Date and compiler: Ian Bowman, Val Burr, 2007, revision 2012 Legal description: Lot 11-12 Deposited Plan 1817 NZHPT registration: 28 Records from his business are held at Te Manawa and these list his business name as ‘Erik Jespersen Dairy Engineer and Importer’. 26 The Ian Matheson City Archives, Community Archives, also holds a brief research file on this house catalogued as A175/167 ‘Age by Streets: A-L’ 27 New Zealand Department of Internal Affairs: Register of Aliens, 1917 (Wellington, c1918). Note that a copy of this document is held in the Massey University Library. 28 These Te Manawa records have 17 difference accession numbers so these are not included in this report. page 86 Palmerston North City Council The records, 17 items, are from 1920-21, at a time when Jespersen was visiting Denmark (a prominent dairy farming country), England and then Australia. They involve regular reports on the business from a staff member, Alex Gillies, in Palmerston North, and replies back from Jespersen. Danes had played a major role in the development of the dairy industry both locally and throughout the region, and doubtless this is 29 what brought the Jespersens to Palmerston North. Little is known of the Jespersens after leaving this house. However, in 1976 the Manawatu Standard reported that the couple’s daughter had been awarded a Knighthood (‘Ridder af Dannebrog’) in Denmark. The article reported that Grete Jespersen had been born in Palmerston North in 1916. Her father’s business was named at the Manawatu Machinery Exchange Company. Her family was very musical and her father had played the viola with the Palmerston North Orchestral Society in the 1920s. He had given her daily cello lessons from the age of six. Three years later she began lessons with George Elwood, who travelled up from Wellington each week to teach her. She made her first radio broadcast at age 11, and her public debut in Wellington aged 13. Soon afterwards, the Jespersen family, now including three daughters, Gudren, Grete and Rata, returned to Denmark to live. Grete continued her studies in Copenhagen and received many awards and accolades, albeit disrupted by World War Two. After the war, the three sisters formed the Jespersen Trio, with Gudren as violinist, Grete on cello and Rata as pianist. They travelled widely in Scandinavia and Northern Europe, their performances acclaimed as chamber music of the finest art. Their success only ended when 29 For example see Erik Helmer Pedersen, ‘Danish Agricultural Technology & New Zealand Butter’, in Danish Emigration to New Zealand (Danes Worldwide Archives, Aalborg, Denmark, 1990), pp. 93-111. The Monrad family also played a very significant role in creating these links between NZ and Denmark. Heritage Building Inventory Residential Rata withdrew from the group. In 1976, when Grete received her Knighthood, she was cellist with the Danish Royal Opera House 30 Orchestra. In 1929 the Jespersen property was transferred to Kenneth Godfrey Chamberlain, a farmer of Palmerston North, and his wife Ivy Bagshaw Chamberlain. In early 1954, Kenneth Chamberlain transferred his interest in the property to Ivy. Kenneth Chamberlain, by then described as a company secretary of Te Aroha, died on 19 December 1961, aged 73. Ivy, by then living in Auckland, died on 19 February 1968, aged 74. Both are buried at Kelvin Grove Cemetery. Later in 1954, the Ferguson Street property was transferred to Neville Walter Dorrington, a medical practitioner of Palmerston North. In 1956, Dorrington’s wife Mary was added to the CT under the Joint Family Home Act 1950. Subsequent owners were: 1966 Douglas Milton Denby, a public accountant of PN. 1970 Terence Edward Freeman, a taxi proprietor, & his wife Elizabeth Ira Freeman. 2003 Peter William Frizzell, Hilary McKenna & Advisory Trustees Ltd. 2007 Current Owners There is only one item in the Building Permit files for this property. This is an undated water plan. ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN This two storied house has a simple rectangular plan with porches on each of the elevations. The main entrance is on the side leading to a stair hall. Off the hall is a den, leading to a drawing room, which, in turn, leads to a dining room, all, facing the street. Behind the drawing room is the kitchen and maids room with an external porch. A toilet is located on the corner of the house behind the dining room. A corridor leads to an “existing building”. 30 Manawatu Standard, 28 May 1976, p. 11 page 87 Palmerston North City Council The first floor has the stair on one corner of the house which leads to a central corridor off which are five bedrooms and a bathroom. Bedroom 2 and 5 lead onto the main central porch, while bedroom 1, the main bedroom, on the side opposite the stairs leads onto a smaller balcony. The house is constructed of double brick with cavity construction with timber porches. Framing internally is timber and the drawings describe steel window sashes with lead lights. This substantial house has been designed in the English Domestic revival style with some Arts and Crafts detailing. As with many houses designed in the style, the house has 45 degree pitched, dominant roofs, with the main gable parallel with the road and a central gable at right angles to it facing the road. Consistent with the style is the use of rough-cast plaster and bricks, tall, highly visible chimneys, Marseille tiles and small paned windows. Skillion dormers on the road side of the main roof give light to the first floor rooms, all of which are within the roof space. The central gable has a timber porch projecting from it with French doors leading out onto its roof/deck. The English Domestic Revival has some influences of early English architecture such as Elizabethan. The West design for the house shows some details from this period in the house with the bracketed pediment porch hood and the Classical details of the other porches and balconies. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE This house has high local significance for cultural heritage values, its representivity of building style, materials and high level of external authenticity. This house gains historical significance through its links to the local dairy industry and also to musical entertainment in the 1920s, through Erik Jespersen and family. It also has additional significance through being designed by Danes (well known local architect L G West) for Danes. Heritage Building Inventory Residential Palmerston North has a large number of very good examples of the English Domestic revival and related Arts and Crafts styles. This house is a good and substantial representative example of the English Domestic Revival style as it follows the design characteristics typical of the style. The style of the house was derived from housing of the Tudor and Elizabethan period and this house reflects the traditional appearance of these houses which contribute a sense of continuity throughout the centuries. The houses and their external details are largely authentic. The grounds, gates and fence enhance the level of authenticity of setting. ASSESSMENT SUMMARY Significance Proposed category PNCC District Plan Criteria Cultural Emotional Historical Design Technology Spiritual Sentimental Symbolic Political People Events Age Tradition Continuity Style Materials Group Materials Construction high local 2 H M M M H M M M Contextual Measure Authenticity Rarity Landmark Representative Design Setting Materials Craftsmanship H H L H H References Certificates of Title: WN181/185 (1909), prior WN74/153 page 88 Palmerston North City Council Ward Street, 14 House and fence Heritage Building Inventory Residential PHYSICAL AND SOCIAL HISTORY The original plans for this house are held in PNCC’s Building Permit section. These are undated, but state that the plans were drawn up by Robin Hood and L. Baker, for C.H. Withers. They showed a twobedroom residence with stairs going up to a box room in the attic. There was also a basement under the bathroom containing the laundry and toilet. The ‘prior CT’ for this property was WN445/165. This was issued on 1 August 1935 to the Native Trustee. This covered about three acres (1.5431 hectares) of land at the Featherston Street end of Ward Street, being Lots 128-147 of DP8236. The leaseholds within this block date to 1915 (according to information on this CT), and possibly this indicates the age of the subdivision. This property consists of Lot 134 and part of Lot 133, and its 20year lease began on 1 August 1916 (other leases issued in 1915 were for full 21 year terms). This one was issued to Charles Herbert Withers. Charles Withers had married Amy Beatrice Heaton, the daughter of one of Palmerston North’s earliest setters, in December 1911, and the birth notice for the first of their two sons appeared in October 43 1912. As their second child was not born until about 1920, it seems likely that Charles had seen military service during World War One. As he was keen enough to drive to Wellington and back over a weekend to show his young sons the American Fleet, perhaps he had served in the Navy. Architect/designer: Robin Hood and L Baker Construction date: ca. 1916 Visible materials: ceramic tiled roof; shingle, brick and rendered walls; timber joinery Architectural style: Bungalow Use/building type: Residential Date and compiler: Ian Bowman, Val Burr, 2007 Legal description: Lot 134 and Part Lot 133 Deposited Plan NZHPT registration: Charles was a plumber’s merchant, and his business was in Rangitikei Street. At about 9:30pm on Sunday, 16 August 1925, he and his family were driving homeward through Rangiotu in their new 5-seater Chandler car, along what is now SH56. They had been to Wellington to see the American Fleet in Wellington Harbour, having travelled down as far as Plimmerton the previous day. On Sunday morning they visited Wellington Harbour and had then begun what 43 Manawatu Standard 14 December 1911 1(1) & 5(2); 9 October 1912 1(1) page 99 Palmerston North City Council Heritage Building Inventory Residential will have been a long, slow and apparently rather cold journey back to Palmerston North. recovered the next day. Ironically its lights were still burning when it was pulled from the river. They were following a friend, William Kilpatrick, an engineer, who business was next door to Withers’, who was accompanied by his wife and some friends. The previous night Kilpatrick had had a near miss with the Rangiotu road bridge, through misjudging the approaches to the nearby railway bridge (part of the FoxtonPalmerston North railway system), as being the ones to the road bridge. By the time he had realised his error and braked, the car had halted with its lights touching the palings of a picket fence that overlooked the Oroua River. His friend William Kilpatrick, had soon realised that the Withers’ car was no longer behind him after the bridge, and had turned back to see what had happened. Kilpatrick became involved in a systematic search for the family that went on for the next several weeks. This incident, and his experience the night before the accident, had presumably helped inspire the local community and/or the local authorities to remedy a particularly dangerous situation. The Withers family were not so lucky. Amy Withers and her sons Leonard, known as ‘Len’, (5) and Jack (12) were in the back seat of their car at the time, and the two boys, at least, were asleep. At the inquest, Charles Withers said that he had previously driven over the bridge, but not at night. On this occasion though, he was travelling at about 15mph when his headlights picked up the railway bridge which was situated about half a chain from the road bridge. As he approached, he believed the railway bridge to be the road bridge, until he also suddenly found the picket fence directly in front of him. He braked, but was too close to the fence to stop in time and the fence could not stop the car. The car then plunged through the fence, down the bank (a drop of about 18 feet) and into the river, which was in flood and in this spot some 12 feet deep. Charles Withers managed to extract himself from the sinking car, which by then had passed under the road bridge. He was found clinging to willows about 15-20 feet from where the car went into the river. However, neither he nor the local people who rushed to help, could find his family, and these people had to struggle with him to keep him from re-entering the water to try to find them himself. It took until 11:30pm to find the car and it was impossible to extract it from the river at the time. It was empty by the time it was The Manawatu Times reported that the relatively new concrete road bridge was about ten yards from the railway bridge. Previously a wooden road bridge had crossed the river in the space between the concrete bridge and railway bridge, and due to the changed position of the new bridge, drivers were now required to make a slight turn onto it. The book A History of Rangiotu records that the railway bridge had been built well above the riverbanks, to ensure that it was clear of floodwaters. This meant that the approaches were relatively high 44 above the surrounding terrain . Possibly the road bridge followed a similar practice. Furthermore, for a time road and rail traffic had shared a single bridge at this site. This was built sometime after 1889 and possibly even was the aforementioned demolished 45 wooden bridge. The Manawatu Times reported that the problem was that when approaching the bridge at night, the car lights shone on the upper structure of the railway bridge, making it appear as if the crossing 44 K.R. Cassells, ‘The Tramway and the Railway at Rangiotu’, in Maren Dixon & Ngaire Watson (eds.), A History of Rangiotu (PN, 1983), p. 33. 45 K.R. Cassells, The Foxton and Wanganui Railway (Wellington, 1984), pp. 127, 128, 130, 173. By 1956, the concrete bridge the Withers’ had missed, had cracked and heavy trucks were required to drive over the railway bridge once again. On the day in 1956 that author Ken Cassells travelled through Rangiotu by train, they followed a large transport truck across the bridge. page 100 Palmerston North City Council was straight ahead. This was accentuated by the fact that the sides of the new bridge were very low, and almost invisible until they were very close. Charles had clearly been driving for many hours, including some four hours after dark, in what by modern standards must have been extremely uncomfortable conditions. He said that he had been completely deceived by the optical illusion created by the railway bridge. When he realised his mistake, he attempted to stop and at first thought the picket fence would hold the car. It did not. A newspaper report two days after the tragedy recorded that it had “cast gloom over the town and country.” Len’s body was found five weeks later on 24 September and Jack’s on 26 September, both at Moutoa some 25-30 miles from the scene of the accident. The body of their mother Amy Withers was never found. Her plot at Terrace End Cemetery remains empty between those of her two sons, despite their headstone being prepared on 46 the assumption that one day she would be found. At the inquest in January 1926, the coroner was relieved to find that steps had been taken to try to prevent another such accident from 47 taking place at this bridge. Charles Withers renewed the lease on the Ward Street section for a further 21 years on 1 August 1936, but what eventually became of him was not researched. Certainly, the coroner had commented at 48 the inquest on the impact the tragedy had had upon his health. 46 Ian Matheson City Archives, NZSG Terrace End Cemetery Transcript No. 4280 – Block 36, plots 47, 49 & 51. 47 Manawatu Times 17 August 1925 7(4-5), 18 August 1925 7(5), 28 September 1925 6(8); Manawatu Standard 29 January 1926 7(2) Inquest. 48 The only Charles Withers in the Palmerston North Cemetery records was a labourer of 21 Cook Street, who died on 16 October 1941, aged 60. No relatives were referred to in his death notice Manawatu Times, 17 October 1941, 1(1), both death and funeral notices. This Charles Withers was known Heritage Building Inventory Residential In 1957 the lease on the Ward Street section was issued to the 49 Manawatu Meat & Cold Storage Company Ltd. for 21 years. In 1975 the lease was transferred to John Sampson and then in 1978 it was extended a further 21 years to 31 July 1999. The CT was then replaced in 1979. CT WN12D/755 was issued in 1979 to the New Zealand Insurance Company Ltd. “pursuant to Section 438 Maori Affairs Act, 1953.” The property had been leased (No. 27562) for a 21-year period, starting 1 August 1957, by John Sampson. He then extended this for a further 21 years in 1978 – giving an end date of 31 July 1999. However, the lease was transmitted in 1989 to the NZ Guardian Trust Co. Ltd., as executor. The lease was transferred to Rhonda Mary Bachelor, a senior lecturer of Palmerston North. It was then transferred to Gillian Mary Yorke in 1999. She then extended the lease for a further 21 years from 1 August 1999. In 2000, the land was declared to be General Land under Section 135 of the Te Ture Whenua Maori Act 1993. The lease was transferred to the present owners of the house, Patrick Andrew Murphy and Verity Purves Murphy in 2005. ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN The plan of the two storey house is rectangular with the long elevation facing the street. The main entrance is from the side of the house leading to a central passage and stair down to the basement level with toilet and laundry. To the rear of the house on one side of the ground floor are two bedrooms and bathroom with as ‘Tim’. If this was the same person, one would question why he wasn’t buried in the family plot. 49 The Building Permit records indicate that in 1971 the owner was Mana Meats. page 101 Palmerston North City Council the kitchen, dining room and living room opposite. Off the centrally located dining room is a wide porch towards the road, while the entire length of the side of the house opposite the entry has a wide “Main Porch”. The living room and main bedroom have access to the porch. The house maintains the characteristics of the Californian Bungalow with moderately pitched wide and expansive main gable roof over the whole house, with a secondary, lower gable over the smaller porch towards the street. The roofs have wide overhanging eaves, with exposed rafters and beams, splayed posts supporting the wide porches, curved walls and tall chimney. Some of the windows also have curved forms. Heritage Building Inventory Residential it seems likely to have played a role in this case. The journey between Wellington and Palmerston North, apparently at around 15mph, would have taken some seven hours each way. It would have been the equivalent of driving to Auckland and back - over a two-day period – in freezing conditions, on metal roads, and with no convenient white lines to follow when it got dark. The house has design values as a large and excellent representative example of the Californian Bungalow style, in a city where there are a number of very good examples of the style. The use of brickwork is particularly noteworthy aspect of the design and contributes contrasting colours and textures to the elevation. The house has a high level of authenticity of external design, materials, craftsmanship and setting. The house is constructed of exposed brickwork with shingles on the upper half of the walls. The doors and windows are of timber, with leaded lights to some windows. The roof is Marseille tile, a common roof for the style. The house has a wide lawn between it and the street and the boundary fence is of concrete block imitating stonework. Tall trees are planted along the street inside the fence line. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The house has high local significance for its cultural heritage values, its local representivity of building style and high level of external authenticity. The house has historical values in its association with the original owner of the house, C H Withers and its association with the architect, Robin Hood, a well known architect of the period in the Manawatu area. This house has minor social historical significance due to its connection to a tragic car accident at a time when driving cars especially on rural roads at night in mid-winter - was still relatively new. The concept of driver fatigue was not an issue at that time, but page 102 Palmerston North City Council Heritage Building Inventory Residential ASSESSMENT SUMMARY Significance Proposed category PNCC District Plan Criteria Cultural Emotional Historical Design Technology Spiritual Sentimental Symbolic Political People Events Age Tradition Continuity Style Materials Group Materials Construction high local 2 H L H M M M Contextual Measure Authenticity Rarity Landmark Representative Design Setting Materials Craftsmanship H H H H References Certificates of Title: WN12D/755 (1979), prior WN445/165 page 103 Palmerston North City Council Rongopai Street, 77 House, fence and gates Heritage Building Inventory Residential PHYSICAL AND SOCIAL HISTORY The original plans are held in the Building Permits files (P. 723), and are dated 26 January 1929. The architect was A.R. Allen, and the partly obscured name of the commissioning owner seems certain to be Frank Chin or his wife Frances. These plans include three bedrooms upstairs, along with a separate library, a maid’s room, and a ‘meals nook’ that was separate from the main dining room. There was also a flat-roofed garage and a front fence. CT WN 342/278 was issued in 1927 to Frances Jane Chin, wife of Frank Robert Bertie Chin, who was a company manager of Palmerston North. Architect/designer: A R Allen Construction date: 1929 Visible materials: Marseille tile roof, cement rendered walls, timber joinery Architectural style: English Domestic Revival/Eclectic Use/building type: Residential Date and compiler: Ian Bowman, Val Burr, 2007, revision 2012 Legal description: Lot 28 Deposited Plan 262 NZHPT registration: Subsequent owners are: 1934 Norma Envin Lascelles, wife of Arthur Montague Lascelles, osteopath of PN. She died November 1937, aged 36 years. Her surname is given as “Lascells” in the Kelvin Grove Cemetery records. 1938a Transmission to Arthur Montague Lascelles, osteopath of PN 1938b Eric Emerson Mabin, settler of PN 1951a Marjorie Grace Marshall, widow of PN 1951b Florian Richard Lewis, furnisher of PN 1959a John Boyd Wallace Dunlop, physician of PN 1959b JBW Dunlop’s wife Velda Dunlop is added to the CT. Velda died on 15 October 1984 aged 68 years, and John died 29 December 1984 aged 74 years. 1985a Transmission to Michael John Paton Dunlop and Margaret Jane Gilkison as executors 1985b Robert Clark Cooper, insurance officer, & his wife Heather Belle Cooper, of PN 1991 Duncan George Harvey, solicitor, & Lynne Yolanda Harvey, medical practitioner The owner at the time of drainage work in 1965 was “Dunlop”. The owners in 1993 (major kitchen renovations) and 1996 (bathroom and laundry renovations) were D. and L. Harvey. An inbuilt fire was page 115 Palmerston North City Council also installed in 1995. Plans for a pool were also submitted in 2001 by S. and J. Bell-Booth. ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN The two storied house has a translated, back to back ‘L’ shaped plan with the entry and porch set back from the road. The room closest to the road is the drawing room, with the dining room behind. The entry and stair hall lead to the dining room on one side and the library on the other. To the rear of the house is the kitchen, maid’s room, laundry and porch on one side and a “meals nook” and verandah on the other side. The first floor has three bedrooms and bathroom off a central landing. The general form and elevations of the house have the characteristics of the English Domestic Revival style, with expansive, dominant, unequal gabled roofs, with secondary gables at right angles. Double hipped gables, a key feature of English architect’s version of the style, roof the stair and first floor bathroom. Tall chimneys pierce the roof providing vertical accents to the low, shallow pitched roofs. Heritage Building Inventory Residential STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The house has high local significance for its cultural heritage values, its uniqueness of building style and high level of external authenticity. The house has historical values in its association with its original owner, Frank Robert Bertie Chin, a company manager of Palmerston North, and the architect of the house, well respected local architect A R Allen. The house has design significance for its overall English Domestic Revival style form augmented by unusual eclectic detailing including Norman, Romanesque, Italianate and Gothic styles. Combining these ancient styles, contribute a sense tradition and continuity. The house has a high level of authenticity of external design, materials, craftsmanship with a lower level of authenticity of setting. The house maintains other aspects of the style with asymmetry of elevations and building form, bay windows, balconies, semi-circular windows and arched porches. Different to the style, and introducing an element of eclecticism, is the use of Italianate semi-circular headed French doors with Gothic styled hood moulds. The small and large paned double hung sash windows are more reminiscent of villas of the turn of the century. The porte cochere has Norman styled columns and Romanesque stepped, running brackets to the Roman tiled edging of the roof. The original drawings show a detailed design for the fence and gates, which appear to be slightly amended. The house is set back from the road with a Moderne styled single garage at the rear. page 116 Palmerston North City Council Heritage Building Inventory Residential ASSESSMENT SUMMARY Significance Proposed category PNCC District Plan Criteria Cultural Emotional Historical Design Technology Spiritual Sentimental Symbolic Political People Events Age Tradition Continuity Style Materials Group Materials Construction high local 2 H M M H M M M Contextual Measure Authenticity Rarity Landmark Representative Design Setting Materials Craftsmanship H H M H H References Certificates of Title: WN342/278 (1927), prior DI 26/318 page 117 Palmerston North City Council Rongopai Street, 67 House and fence Heritage Building Inventory Residential PHYSICAL AND SOCIAL HISTORY Certificate of Title WN384/165 was issued on 16 March 1928 to Ella Vivian Coutts Field, wife of William Alfred Field, a registered plumber of Palmerston North. Possibly this date and CT marks the linking of Lots 8 and 9. In 1932, the property was transferred to Doris Evelyn Small, wife of Charles Arthur Small, a dental surgeon of Palmerston North. The original plans for this property, dated October 1933, are held in the Building Permits Dept. These are by R. Thorrold-Jaggard and were commissioned by C.A. Small. These show four-bedrooms, a sleeping porch and a “sleeping Apartt” room upstairs, and a balcony. The largest bedroom (which also has a very large wardrobe) and the “sleeping Apart” room both lead onto the balcony. The next date of transfer on the CT is semi-legible, but appears likely to be 1948, based on the year given for the subsequent mortgage. This sees the transfer of the property to Thomas Oswald Gilbert, a medical practitioner of Palmerston North. Architect/designer: R. Thorrold-Jaggard Construction date: 1928 Visible materials: Marseille tile roof, cement rendered walls, timber joinery Architectural style: neo-Georgian Use/building type: Residential Date and compiler: Ian Bowman, Val Burr, 2007, revision 2012 Legal description: Lot 8-9 Deposited Plan 6940 NZHPT registration: Subsequent owners are: 1976 David Frederick Harris, medical practitioner, & his wife Marie Luise Harris, PN 1993 Peter Kenneth Bird & Carol Anne Bird, both PN company directors 1994 Neville Ernest Maddren, General Manager, and Annemarie Maddren, personnel manager, PN 2003 Current owners There are no other entries in the Building Permit records. page 118 Palmerston North City Council ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN The two storied house has a rectangular plan with the long elevation parallel with the street. The entry is located in the centre of the street elevation, which leads to a central hall and stair to the first floor. On one side of the entry hall is the ‘lounge’ almost the depth of the house and on the other side of the hall is the living room. Behind the living room is the kitchen and behind the ‘lounge’ is a sewing room, laundry and external coal room and toilet. To one side of the house is the garage and on the other side of the house is a loggia. The first floor has four bedrooms, two sleeping porches, separate bathroom, toilet and shower. Above the loggia is a balcony accessed from the larger sleeping porch and largest bedroom. The house is designed in a strict symmetrical neo-Georgian style. The main roof is low pitched and hipped chimneys at either side. The central entry is emphasised by a Classical bracketed pediment, above which is a Diocletian window with gabled pediment above it. Small paned timber French doors give access to the front garden from both the ‘lounge’ and living rooms, while double hung sash windows with small panes in the upper sash give light to the front bedrooms. Other windows are small paned casement with toplights. The doors and windows to the street elevation have shutters. The loggia has Doric columns with a Classically inspired steel balustrade. Heritage Building Inventory Residential STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The house has high local significance for its cultural heritage values, its representivity of building style and high level of external authenticity. The house has high historical values in its association with the first owner of the house, dental surgeon C A Small and local architect R Thorrold-Jaggard. The house has design and historical values as a representative example of the Neo-Georgian style which maintains an historical th continuity of the traditional Georgian style of the late 18 century th of England with its revival in the New World throughout the early 20 century. The house has a high level of authenticity of external design, materials, craftsmanship and setting, including fences and gates. Interior details, such as fire surrounds, timber panelling, stair balustrading and doors maintain the Classical design of the exterior. A low brick wall has been constructed along the street boundary with dense planting behind. The house has a surrounding lawn with mature trees on the perimeter of the section. The garage has a hipped roof and a wall between the garage and house has an arched opening and gate separating the front and back yards. page 119 Palmerston North City Council Heritage Building Inventory Residential ASSESSMENT SUMMARY Significance Proposed category PNCC District Plan Criteria Cultural Emotional Historical Design Technology Spiritual Sentimental Symbolic Political People Events Age Tradition Continuity Style Materials Group Materials Construction high local 2 H M M H M M M Contextual Measure Authenticity Rarity Landmark Representative Design Setting Materials Craftsmanship H H H H H References Certificates of Title: WN384/165 (1928), prior WN326/284, WN326/285 page 120 Palmerston North City Council Lombard Street, 32 House Heritage Building Inventory Residential PHYSICAL AND SOCIAL HISTORY CT WN24/83 was issued to Palmerston North lodging housekeeper Samuel Dawick on 13 May 1881. This consisted of Lots 22 and 23 of Section 300 of the Township of Palmerston North. However the Palmerston North rate books indicate that the house was completed during the 1889-90 rating year. At that time the value of the property suddenly jumped from a consistent £50 to £230, while its identical neighbour, also a Dawick property, remained at £50. The house then was clearly built for Rebecca Dawick, by that time a widow. The Palmerston North Historical Society’s publication Mather Papers: Taonui, Lombard and Campbell Streets, records that Lombard Street was constructed in two stages. Section 300, the portion at the Featherston Street end of Lombard Street, upon which this house was built, was subdivided by the Borough Council in 1883. The owner of the land between this subdivision and Cuba Street (Section 303) was Joseph Nathan, and he was given 55 permission to develop the rest of the street in 1886. Architect/designer: Construction date: During the 1888-89 rating year Visible materials: corrugated steel roofing, rusticated weatherboards, timber joinery Architectural style: Bay Villa Use/building type: Residential Date and compiler: Ian Bowman, Val Burr, 2007, revision 2012 Legal description: Lot 2 Deposited Plan 12820 NZHPT registration: The boundary fence of the Campbell Street School, then town’s State School and the forebear of Central Normal School, touched the back corner of Rebecca Dawick’s property, and there would have been many young families living in the immediate vicinity. This was, therefore, one of Palmerston North’s earliest nursery suburbs. The Cyclopedia of New Zealand (Vol. 1, p. 1156), published in 1897, records that at the time there were 478 children enrolled at the school. Many would have had to walk some considerable distance to school, unless they were fortunate enough to live in one of the surrounding streets. Various records, including the 1893 Women’s Suffrage Petition, indicate that a significant number of these properties were either owned or rented by women. Although some were probably placed in the wives names to protect family homes in case the husbands went 55 Brian Mather, Mather Papers: Taonui, Lombard and Campbell Street (Palmerston North Historical Society, c2007), pp. 4, 6-7, 21-2. page 121 Palmerston North City Council bankrupt. Other houses in this vicinity appear likely to have attracted widows, solo mothers and single women due to affordability. Samuel Dawick had taken out a mortgage on the Lombard Street property with the Wanganui Equitable Land, Building and Investment Society Permanent (sic) in 1882, and this was paid off in 1887. Samuel died on 19 November 1888, aged 59 years, apparently 56 without having developed the Lombard Street property. His name appears among the first 361 people to become liable to pay rates after Palmerston North became a borough in 1877. He had established The Buffet (often known as Dawick’s Buffet), a nonlicensed boarding-house and restaurant in Main Street West, in 1875, and the timber ‘quoins’ shown on that building in a rare photo of it, reveal that the Lombard Street house shared these traits with 57 the family business. After Samuel’s death, Rebecca and two of the couple’s sons continued running the hotel. This hotel was burnt down in the 1890s and was replaced a substantial brick hotel in Rangitikei Street. This newly built temperance hotel and restaurant was described in The Cyclopedia of New Zealand (p. 1185) in 1897, by which time only William and Edward Dawick were apparently running it, their mother presumably having retired. Initially it was named Dawick’s Buffet, but in 1913 it took over the licence of the former Royal Hotel and became the New Royal Hotel. It is at present better known as the Guv’nors Tavern. 56 Note that the Terrace End Cemetery records give Samuel’s date of burial as 29 December 1888, whereas according to the mostly legible CT WN24/83, his will said he died on 19 November 1888. The same CT states that Rebecca died on 12 August 1900, while the Terrace End Cemetery records claim she was buried that same day. 57 This photo is labelled ‘HO 22’ in a photocopy from the Brian Mather papers on PN hotels, and is from the PN Library photographic collection. HO 23 shows the second hotel that is now the Gov’nors Tavern. Heritage Building Inventory Residential In 1901 the Lombard Street property was finally transmitted to Rebecca. However, she in fact had died on 12 August 1900, aged 67 years, and so it was then immediately transmitted to William Thomas Dawick, Palmerston North boarding-house keeper, and Arthur George Dawick Kimbolton carpenter. The same year it was transferred to Edward Samuel Dawick, described as a settler of Palmerston North. In 1916, part of Lot 23 was sold off. CT WN242/227 was then issued for the remainder. In 1941 the property was transmitted to Arthur David Dawick, Palmerston North labourer, and Nellie Letitia Hickton, married woman of Mananui, as executors. It was then transferred to these two along with Percey George Dawick as tenants in common in equal shares. The property was then subdivided down to two parts and the part without the house on it (possibly part Lot 23) was sold. CT WN 503/40 was then issued for the house site in 1944 to Nellie Letitia Hickton of Mananui, married woman, and Percy George Dawick, labourer of Palmerston North. Mrs Hickton’s share was transmitted to Mavis Isobel Kilmartin, married woman of Mangere East, as executor, in 1969, and she then had the share transferred into her name. Percy George Dawick’s share was transmitted to the Public Trust in 1979. The two shares were then combined and transferred into new ownership as follows: 1980 Anthony Gale Opie, company director of PN, and Oaksford Developments Ltd., of PN, as tenants in common in equal shares. 1981 Jeffrey Warren Jones, fitter & turner, & Kim Marie Dinnen, fashion designer, both of PN. The couple’s marriage was recorded on the CT in 1983. 1987 Gordon Henry Knight, university lecturer, and his wife Margaret Elsie Knight, PN. 1990 David George Kelly, company director, and Anne Christine Kelly, secondary school teacher, of PN. 1993 Simon Russell Firth, engineer of PN 2000 Paul James Greer page 122 Palmerston North City Council 2007 Current Owners Apart from a store shed and factory plan sited at 32 Lombard Street in 1934 (suggesting past street renumbering or similar), the entries in the Building Permit files for this property start in 1986. These begin that year with a new bathroom and laundry for J. Jones. In 1988, a Quin garage was built for G.H. Knight. ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN Because of the age of the house, there are no original drawings in the PNCC archives. It is likely, however the that plan of this single storey house follows a standard design for the period with a central corridor from front to back with rooms either side. The kitchen and bathroom are likely to be at the rear. The living room is most likely to be at the front of the house and with the bay window. The house follows the usual Bay Villa characteristics of asymmetry of building form with projecting bay on one side with a verandah over the remainder of the street frontage. It has the typical Italianate Classical detailing such as modillions under eaves, pilasters, a low pitched roof, and quoins on the corners of the building. Many of these details would have been machine made and selected from catalogues of timber companies. Double hung sash windows are also common in the age and style of house. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The house has high local significance for its cultural heritage values, rarity of building style and high level of external authenticity. The house has high historical values as a building that is now approximately 120 years old creating a sense of continuity. It is a rare and early example of the style of building. It also has close links to the historic hotel/tavern in Rangitikei Street, presently called the Guv’nors Tavern, and also to the well-known (in their day) local hotelier family, the Dawicks. Heritage Building Inventory Residential The house has high design significance for its early Bay Villa style with typical Italianate detailing. The use of standard machined details, including the use of the ‘modern’ rusticated weatherboards which were designed to imitate stone, gives the building some traditional and technological values. The house has a high level of authenticity of external design, materials, craftsmanship and setting, including fences and gates. ASSESSMENT SUMMARY Significance Proposed category PNCC District Plan Criteria Cultural Emotional Historical Design Technology Spiritual Sentimental Symbolic Political People Events Age Tradition Continuity Style Materials Group Materials Construction high local 2 M H M H H M M H Contextual Measure Authenticity Rarity Landmark Representative Design Setting Materials Craftsmanship H H H H H H References Certificates of Title: WN503/40 (1944), prior WN242/227 (1916), WN24/83 (1881) Ian Matheson City Archives: Community Archives file A 175/167 page 123 Palmerston North City Council Alfred Street, 46 House Heritage Building Inventory Residential PHYSICAL AND SOCIAL HISTORY This house was designed by Ernest Larcombe in 1905 and built between 1905 and 1907, for James Alfred Nash. In 1895 he married Elizabeth Lily Grater (nee Keogh) and the couple had two sons, James and Horace. Nash was a businessman, owning the local Ready Money Store and other branches in Bunnythorpe and Levin. In 1907 he became a valuer, estate and insurance agent. He became a Palmerston North Borough councillor in 1907-8 and then served as mayor between 1908 and 1923. He was also a Member of Parliament for Palmerston North (1918-35). He was active in a number of community roles, and was a popular figure in the town. These roles included chairing the Palmerston North patriotic committee in WWI, being a founding member of the local chamber of commerce, the Terrace End School Committee (for 20 years), the Manawatu-Oroua Electric Power Board, and the Palmerston North Hospital Board (for 41 years). His extensive career is described in The Dictionary of New Zealand Biography (Vol. 4: N1). He remained actively involved until ill health intervened shortly before his death on 24 July 1952, aged 80. Elizabeth Nash had predeceased him in June 1942, aged 70. The couple’s address at time of death was 31 Weston Ave., Palmerston North. Alfred and Nash Streets are both named after the family, with Alfred Street 58 having been a Nash family subdivision. Architect/designer: Ernest Larcombe Construction date: ca. 1905-07 Visible materials: corrugated steel roofing, timber weatherboard walls, timber joinery Architectural style: Queen Anne Use/building type: Residential Date and compiler: Ian Bowman, Val Burr, 2007, revision 2012 Legal description: Lot 1 DP 303258 NZHPT registration: In 1914 the property had been sold to Thomas R. Moore and his wife Elizabeth (nee Coutts). They had married in 1896, and as Elizabeth’s family were from Palmerston North, they had established a home in Palmerston North from the start of the marriage. However it wasn’t until 1909 that Thomas retired from farming. Thomas had farmed the 35,000 acre Waimarama Sheep Station in Hawkes Bay since 1874. At first they ran 13,000 Merino sheep, however, the 58 Ian Matheson, Council and community: 125 years of local government in Palmerston North 1877-2002 (Palmerston North, 2003): p. 104 page 126 Palmerston North City Council huge wild pig population caused a heavy death toll amongst the lambs until the pigs were reduced (at a rate of 2,000 per year). After a year in England following Thomas’ retirement, the couple settled permanently in Palmerston North, duly purchasing this house, which they named ‘Waimarama’ after the sheep station. Although Thomas did not take an active part in public affairs in Palmerston North, he maintained an interest in cricket, serving as Patron of the Manawatu Cricket Assn. for many years. During the couple’s visit to England, they secured a bell, which they donated to 59 St. Peter’s Church, of which they were members. During his lifetime, Thomas also set up the T.R. Moore Charitable Trust, a fund that still gives grants to local charities. Thomas died on 22 July 1935 aged 91. After Elizabeth died 1 July 1955, aged 84, the property then sold to R.E. & B.R. O’Donnell in 1956. CT WN225/191 was issued to Thomas Richard Moore, a farmer of Palmerston North, in 1914. At that time the property consisted of two acres, two roods and one perch, being part of Suburban Section 169, Town of Palmerston North, comprising Lots 25 and 31 on Deposited Plan 2936. Subsequent owners were: 1935 Transmission to The Public Trustee 1956 Ray Edmond O’Donnell, colour therapist of PN, & his wife Beryl Ray O’Donnell 1961 Transfer of Lot 3 Plan 22793, with right of way and water, gas, telephone, electricity, sewer rights over the parts Lots 1 & 2. That ends CT WN 225/191 in 1961. 1965 Joy Mansfield / Murphy 2002 Current Owners 59 Manawatu Evening Standard 23 July 1935 7(1) Obituary; 25 July 1935 2(4) Funeral report Heritage Building Inventory Residential The house was granted Category One status under the Palmerston North District Scheme on 24 October 1979, and was still listed in 1993. However, by 2001 it had been deleted from the scheme, although the reason for this is not evident. There is a significant amount of information available on this house, including in files held by the Palmerston North Branch Committee of the NZ Historic Places Trust and the Ian Matheson City Archives (Community Archives file A175/312). The house is also outlined in Eileen Revere Wright & Edith Doretta Woodhouse’s book Colonial Homes of Palmerston North (p. 36), and B.G.R. Saunders’ book Manawatu’s Old Buildings (p. 60). ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN The plan of the single storey house centres around an elongated central passage off which project either side different sized and formed rooms. The main entry is at one end and is between two bay rooms at right angles to each other, both of which have bay windows. Towards the front along the passage from the entry to the back of the house are the main public rooms with a large living room off which is a wide verandah. Opposite these rooms on the other side of the passage are the bedrooms, bathrooms and toilets. The kitchen is at the rear of the house on the side of the bedrooms. The main form of the house is a shallow pitched gable running the length of the passage with the projecting rooms either gabled or hipped. The entry is facetted and the roof is hipped to the height of the ridge of the rooms either side and then flattens, meeting the main gable. The verandah roof is flat and a number of the gables have gable screens. The multiple roof forms, asymmetry of elevations, tall chimneys, bay windows, and gable screens are all characteristic of the Queen Anne style. Although double hung sash windows were more the norm with this style of house in New Zealand, casements with small paned leadlights, as in Waimarama, were also not uncommon. page 127 Palmerston North City Council The house has a timber frame with timber weatherboards and joinery. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE This house has high regional significance for cultural heritage values, its representivity of building style, materials and high level of external authenticity. Heritage Building Inventory ASSESSMENT SUMMARY Significance Proposed category PNCC District Plan Criteria Cultural Emotional The house has historical values in its association with the first owner of the house, J A Nash, a former mayor and Member of Parliament and its association with the architect for the house, E Larcombe. Larcombe designed a number of significant buildings in Palmerston North, including the public hospital. Historical This house also has historical significance due to being one of the ‘big houses’ of old Terrace End and due to the prominence of the Moore family, which became its second owner. Design Waimarama has high design values as a consummate example of the Queen Anne style and its use of timber framing and cladding reflects tradition and continuity in use of materials from the American precedents of the style. The house and its external details are largely authentic. Residential Technology Spiritual Sentimental Symbolic Political People Events Age Tradition Continuity Style Materials Group Materials Construction high regional 1 M H M M H M M M Contextual Measure Authenticity Rarity Landmark Representative Design Setting Materials Craftsmanship H H H H H References Certificates of Title: WN986/46 (1961), prior WN225/191 (1914), WN156/282 page 128
