Download Subatomic notes - Chemistry R: 4(AE) 5(A,C)

Name: ________________________
Date: _________
Atomic Structure: Subatomic Particles
Do Now
•
What is an atom?
•
What particles make up an atom?
•
Where are the particles located?
The Nucleus
•
Using measurements from Rutherford’s experiment, scientists calculated
the radius of the nucleus to be less than 1/10,000 of the atom.
– If the nucleus were the size of a marble, the atom would be the size
of a football stadium
The Nucleus
•
Protons = __________________________________________________
– The charge of a proton was calculated to be equal but opposite to the
charge of an electron
– The mass of a proton is almost 2000x the mass of an electron
•
Neutrons = __________________________________
– The mass of a neuron is almost __________ to the mass of a proton
•
The _________ total of masses of protons, neutrons, and electrons equals
the mass of the __________.
•
Mass of atoms are measured in Atomic Mass Units!
1 amu = 1/12 mass the Carbon-12
Atoms
•
All living things are made up of tiny units called ATOMS.
ATOMS consist of electrons orbiting around a nucleus.
•
ELECTRONS (___) negative electrical charge found in the space _______
the nucleus
•
NUCLEUS
•
PROTON (___) has a positive electrical charge.
•
NEUTRON has a neutral charge (____ charge)
Subatomic Particles
Atomic Identity
•
If the number of electrons ____________ the number of protons, the
atom is electrically _______________. (No electrical charge)
•
Elements differ in their number of protons and therefore in the amount of
positive charge their nuclei possess.
•
The number of protons determines an ____________________________.
Atomic Number
•
Atomic Number (___)= number of _________ of each atom of that element
•
Atoms of ______________ elements have _________ numbers of protons
(_______________ atomic numbers)
•
Atoms of the ________ element all have the ________ number of protons
(__________ atomic numbers)
•
The atomic number identifies the element
•
113 elements have been identified, with 113 different atomic numbers
Atomic Number
•
Because atoms are neutral, they must have the _____________ numbers of
protons and electrons.
•
Therefore, the atomic number tells us how many protons and also how many
electrons an atom has.
How many PROTONS and ELECTRONS are in:
Silver
Gold
Hydrogen
Boron
Neon
Sodium
Tungsten
Mass Number
•
Mass number = the total number of ___________________ (total number
of particles in the nucleus)
•
Mass numbers can vary among atoms of a single element, because atoms of
the same element can have ____________________________________.
•
Different elements can have the same mass numbers, because the mass
number does not help you identify the element, the atomic number does!
Try this: