Download Energy and Design Process - Study Guide - Team 6

Energy and Design Process - Study Guide
Name: __KEY________________________
Period: __________
Date: __________
1. List the steps in the design process:
1. __Identify the need____
2. ____Research/Brainstorm___ 3. ____Create Prototype___
4. ___Test/Redesign___
5. ___Communicate Results____
2. List the 3 types of models used during the design process:
1. __Physical____
2. ___Mathematical_______ 3. __Computer_______
3. What is kinetic energy? ___Energy of motion__________________________________________
4. Give 2 examples of kinetic energy: ___Varies – anything that moves__________________________________
5. What two factors determine the amount of kinetic energy an object has? __Mass___
___Speed____
6. What is potential energy? ___Stored energy_________________________________________
7. Give 2 examples of potential energy: _____Varies __________________________________
8. Below are 3 types of potential energy. Complete the chart with definitions and examples of each.
Type of Potential
Energy
Gravitational
Potential Energy
Description/Definition – in your own words
Example(s)
Stored energy due to height and position
Book being held above your head
Elastic Potential
Energy
Energy stored due to being compressed or
stretched
Stretched rubber band or
compressed spring
Chemical Potential
Energy
Energy stored in the chemical bonds of molecules
Gasoline, food, firework before
exploding
9. What 2 main factors determine the amount of gravitational potential energy an object has?
_____Weight___
_____Height_____
10. How do work and energy relate to each other? ____Energy is the ability to do work. You must have energy to
do work.____________________________________________________________________________________
11. Complete the chart below to describe each form of energy and give examples.
Type of Energy
Mechanical Energy
Description/Definition – in your own words
Total amount of PE and KE in a system
Example(s)
Throwing a ball, a roller coaster
system
Sound Energy
Energy due to vibrating waves
Playing a guitar
*cannot travel through a vacuum
Thermal Energy
Heat energy
Fire
Electric Energy
Energy that travels through electrical currents
Anything that you plug in – lamp,
TV, etc.
Radiant Energy
Electromagnetic waves / light waves
Anything that lights up – lamp,
flashlight, Sun
* can travel through a vacuum
Nuclear Energy
Energy stored in the nucleus of an atom and is
released when the atom is split
Nuclear power plant, Sun
12. Identify the energy transformations occurring in the following situations:
making toast in a toaster: ____Electric_______ changes to ____thermal_________
watching television: ___Electric______ changes to __radiant________ and ___sound_____
using a microwave: ___Electric_____ changes to ___radiant________ changes to ___thermal_____
eating an apple: ____Chemical_______ potential energy changes to ___mechanical/thermal/kinetic____
13. Describe the Law of Conservation of Energy: _______States that energy can’t be created or destroyed, only
transferred or transformed______________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
14. List the 3 types of energy produced by the Sun:
1. __Radiant_____
2. ____Thermal_____ 3. ____Nuclear_______ ****Also SOLAR****
15. Review the picture of the roller coast below:
A
C
B
At what point does the roller coaster have the most kinetic energy? ___B__
At what point does the roller coaster have the most potential energy? ___A_____
16. What is the formula for volume? _____length x width x height = cm3_________________________
17. What it the formula for density? _____Mass / Volume = g/cm3________________________________
18. A change of state of matter is an example of a __physical________ change.
19. A old metal swing set left outside in the rain starts to rust. This is an example of a __irreversible chemical___
change.
20. Mr. Smith’s class was trying to determine if the height at which a paper helicopter is dropped affects that
speed that it will fall. They made paper helicopters using the same design and the same type of paper. Then,
they dropped the helicopters from different heights and recorded the number of seconds it took for the
helicopter to fall.
Identify the variables in this experiment:
Independent Variable: _____Height helicopter is dropped from________
Dependent Variable: __Time it takes to fall / speed of fall_______________
Constants: __Design_________
_______Paper_________
Below is a data table with the results of their experiment. Use the data form the table to create a bar graph.
Time of Fall (seconds)
1.5
1.8
2.1
2.5
2.8
Helicopter Drop Test
3.0
2.8
2.6
Time to fall (sec)
Height of Drop
(meters)
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
2.4
2.2
2.0
1.8
1.6
1.4
1.2
1.0
.8
.6
.4
.2
0
1
1.5
2
Height of Drop (m)
2.5
3