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Boundless Lecture Slides
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Biological
Foundations of
Psychology
Genetic Basis of Psychology
Brain Adaptation
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Biological Foundations of Psychology > Genetic Basis of Psychology
Genetic Basis of Psychology
• Chromosomes and Genes
• The Influence of Genes on Behavior
• The Influence of Behavior on Genes
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Biological Foundations of Psychology > Brain Adaptation
Brain Adaptation
• Gene-Environment Correlations: Nature or Nurture?
• Genetic Basis of Intelligence and Learning
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Appendix
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Biological Foundations of Psychology
Key terms
• autosome Any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome.
• behavioral genetics The field of study that examines the role of genetics in animal (including human) behavior; often involves
the nature-versus-nurture debate.
• chromosome A structure in the cell nucleus that contains DNA, histone protein, and other structural proteins.
• cognitive genomics This field studies how genes relate to the health and activity of the brain.
• ethology The scientific study of human and animal behavior.
• fetal alcohol syndrome Any of a spectrum of birth defects resulting from excessive alcohol consumption by the mother during
pregnancy.
• gene A unit of heredity; a segment of DNA or RNA that is transmitted from one generation to the next and that carries genetic
information such as the sequence of amino acids for a protein.
• gene A unit of heredity; a segment of DNA or RNA transmitted from one generation to the next, carrying genetic information
such as the sequence of amino acids for a protein.
• gene-environment correlation A relationship in which exposure to environmental conditions correlates with an individual's
genotype.
• genetics The branch of biology that deals with the transmission and variation of inherited characteristics, particularly
chromosomes and DNA.
• IQ Short for Intelligence Quotient; a score derived from one of several standardized tests designed to assess intelligence.
• neuroscience The scientific study of the nervous system. This field looks for links between behavior and physical structures in
the brain.
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Biological Foundations of Psychology
• phenotype The observable expression of a gene.
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Biological Foundations of Psychology
Human chromosome structure
Chromosomes are made up of a variety of gene sequences. By studying chromosomes and genes, scientists are able to determine the genetic basis for
many diseases.
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Wikimedia. "Drosophila metaphase chromosomes." CC BY 3.0 http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Drosophila_metaphase_chromosomes.jpg View on
Boundless.com
Biological Foundations of Psychology
Dolly the sheep
The first successfully cloned animal. Chromosomal and genetic manipulation are controversial topics.
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Wikimedia Commons. "Dolly the sheep." CC BY-SA 2.0 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Dolly_face_closeup.jpg View on Boundless.com
Biological Foundations of Psychology
Gregor Mendel, the father of genetics
Mendel's work with pea plants demonstrated that certain traits follow particular patterns.
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Wikimedia. "Gregor Mendel." Public domain http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Gregor_Mendel.png View on Boundless.com
Biological Foundations of Psychology
Effects of drug and alcohol use on genetic makeup
People who use alcohol can alter their genetic makeup, possibly activating genes associated with addiction.
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Wikipedia. "Aerobarmiami." CC BY-SA http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Aerobarmiami.jpg View on Boundless.com
Biological Foundations of Psychology
Himalayan rabbit
Exposure to cold temperatures activates pigment-producing genes in the rabbit's extremities.
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Wikimedia Commons. "Himalayan Rabbit." CC BY-SA 3.0 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Himalayan_rabbit%23/media/File:Himalayanrabbitchilling__Signpost_edit.JPG View on Boundless.com
Biological Foundations of Psychology
Peers socializing
Children with positive genetic characteristics tend to socialize better with their peers.
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Wikipedia. "Teen girls hanging out." CC BY 2.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Teen_girls_hanging_out.jpg View on Boundless.com
Biological Foundations of Psychology
The genetic basis of learning
Educational neuroscience seeks to link an understanding of genetics and brain processes with how people learn for the purpose of informing classroom
instruction and experience.
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Wikimedia. "FVES Classroom." CC BY-SA http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:FVES_Classroom.jpg View on Boundless.com
Biological Foundations of Psychology
Attribution
• Wiktionary. "autosome." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/autosome
• Wiktionary. "gene." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/gene
• Wiktionary. "chromosome." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/chromosome
• OpenStax CNX. "Le Dinh Luong, Basic Principles of Genetics. October 21, 2013." CC BY 3.0
http://cnx.org/content/m26565/1.1/
• Wikipedia. "developmental genetics." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/developmental%20genetics
• Wikipedia. "behavioral genetics." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/behavioral%20genetics
• Wiktionary. "ethology." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ethology
• Wiktionary. "genetics." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/genetics
• Wikipedia. "Gregor mendel." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregor_mendel
• Wikibooks. "Animal Behavior/Behavioral Genetics." CC BY-SA 3.0
http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Animal_Behavior/Behavioral_Genetics
• Wiktionary. "fetal alcohol syndrome." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/fetal+alcohol+syndrome
• Wiktionary. "gene." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/gene
• Wikipedia. "Prenatal alcohol exposure." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prenatal_alcohol_exposure
• Wikipedia. "gene-environment correlation." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/gene-environment%20correlation
• Wikipedia. "Gene-environment correlation." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene-environment_correlation
• Wikibooks. "Applied History of Psychology/Controversies." CC BY-SA 3.0
http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Applied_History_of_Psychology/Controversies
• Wikipedia. "cognitive genomics." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/cognitive%20genomics
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Biological Foundations of Psychology
• Wiktionary. "neuroscience." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/neuroscience
• Wikipedia. "IQ." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IQ
• Wikipedia. "Dyslexia." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dyslexia%23Genetics
• Wikipedia. "Learning theory (education)." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Learning_theory_(education)
• Wikia. CC BY-SA http://psychology.wikia.com/wiki/Learning_&_Memory
• Wikia. "Cognitive neuropsychology - Psychology Wiki." CC BY-SA http://psychology.wikia.com/wiki/Cognitive_neuropsychology
• Wikia. "Cognitive genomics - Psychology Wiki." CC BY-SA http://psychology.wikia.com/wiki/Cognitive_genomics
• Wikia. "Heritability of IQ - Psychology Wiki." CC BY-SA http://psychology.wikia.com/wiki/Genetics_of_intelligence
• Wikibooks. "Introduction to Psychology/Language and Cognition." CC BY-SA 3.0
http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Introduction_to_Psychology/Language_and_Cognition
• Wikibooks. "Introduction to Psychology/Human Development." CC BY-SA 3.0
http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Introduction_to_Psychology/Human_Development
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