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Ancient World Civ
Name:
7.16 Summarize important
achievements of Egyptian
civilization.
Big Ideas:
Essential Question:
Agriculture System
-based on a Lunar cycle of 12 months
- 3 Seasons of 4 months each
Civic Calender
Egyptians realized the Lunar calendar was
off because Sirius is a stellar event that
occurs every 365 and ¼ days.
- So they invented a Civic calendar with 12
months of 30 days divided into 3 decades
(weeks) of 10 days each for a total of 360
days.
- 5 Days added to celebrate the Gods and
match the Lunar Year.
The Inundation
-Flood season, Farmland is submerged in water,
-coincided with the rise of the brightest star
Sirius
- Canal work is done, but planting cannot begin
-Pharaohs construction projects
-Planting Season
- wheat, barley, figs, melons, pomegranates, and
various vine plants.
-flax, linens, papyrus also harvested.
-
Akhet
Proyet
Monumental Architecture
-Egyptian Beliefs in polytheism and the afterlife
their drove architectural achievements.
- All were built for religious and ritual
purposes.
-
-
Known for their large scale size and
perfection and precision in construction
with only simple tools.
Some construction methods are still
unknown
Great Pyramids
-built as tombs in the old Kingdom
- Known for their large scale size and
perfection and precision in construction
with only simple tools.
- Some construction methods are still
unknown
-Khufu’s pyramid was first and greatest.
Sphinx
Human head and lion body.
-symbol of royal power
-headdress of a pharaoh.
-guardian of the pyramids.
Heiroglyphics
The Rosetta Stone & JeanFrancois Champollion
Papyrus
Ancient script picture-writing used mostly by
priests. Written by scribes.
Used the Rosetta stone to unlock the language
that was lost for 4,000 years.
-discovered in 1799 and finally cracked in 1822
- 3 Languages used in Egypt were all used and it
helped unlock all of Egyptian history
-early paper form made from reed plants that grow
along the Nile river.