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Chapter 16 Religion and Science
Words of Significance:
Protestant Reformation, Catholic Counter Reformation, Taki Onqoy, Jesuits, Wahhabi
Islam, Wang Yangmin, kaozheng, Mirabai, bhakti, Sikhism, Voltaire, Martin Luther
Copernicus, Newton, Locke, Darwin, Marx, European Enlightenment, huacas,
Hugeuenots, madrassas
Western Christendom Fragmented: The Protestant Reformation
 Revolutionary ideas of Martin Luther
 Role of women in Protestant Reformation
 Role of the printing press in Protestant Reformation
 Thirty Year’s War
 Peace of Westphalia
Christianity Outward Bound
 Where Christian missionaries most successful
 Leading denomantion of missionaries
 Factors that allowed Christianity to spread outside of Europe
 Native American view of local gods after Spanish conquest
Conversion and Adaptation in Spanish
 Ways Christianity blended with Latin American culture
An Asian Comparison: China and the Jesuits
 Reasons Christianity failed to spread in China
 Reasons Jesuits were initially welcomed by Chinese
 Major turning point in the relationship of Jesuits and Chinese society
Expansion in Renewal in the Islamic World
 How Islam spread during early modern era
 Reason(s) for Wahhabi movement
China: New Directions Old Traditions
 Beliefs of Wang Yangmin
India Bridging the Hindu/Muslim Divide
 Beliefs of bhakti movement
 Beliefs of Sikhism
 Reason(s) Sikhism became violent movement
The Questions of Origin: Why Europe?
 Reasons why Scientific Revolution occurred in Europe
 Reasons Scientific Revolution did not occur in China or Islamic World
Science as a Cultural Revolution
 Europeans view of world before Scientific Revolution
 Consequences of Scientific Revolution
 Europeans view of the world after Newton’s death
 Early scientists views on religion
Science and Enlightenment
 Central theme(s) of the Enlightenment
 Ways Enlightenment challenged older patterns of thinking
 How Enlightenment thought affected religion
 John Locke
 Voltaire
 Jean-Jacques Rousseau
 Montesquieu
 Romanticism
 Deists
 Pantheists
Science in the 19th Century
 Darwin and Marx view on motors of progress
 Sigmund Freud
European Science Beyond the West
 Interest of Asian civilizations in European science