Download City-States and Greek Culture: Chapter 8, Lesson 2 acropolis E

City-States and Greek Culture: Chapter 8, Lesson 2
A.
B.
C.
D.
acropolis
agora
oligarchy
aristocracy
E. democracy
F. policy
G. barbarian
Definitions: match the explanation with the term above.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
A plan of action. _______________
A system in which a small group controls the government. _____________
A fort built on a hill. _________________
A wealthy ruling class. __________________
A governing policy in which the country’s people elect their leaders and rule by majority.
___________________
6. The name given to outsiders by the Greeks and later by the ancient Romans.
______________________
7. An open-air market and gathering place in many ancient Greek city-states. ___________
Applications: match the examples with the related term above.
1. Athens made a change to its government and was ruled under Cleisthenes by election.
____________________
2. Sparta had a well-ordered and lasting governing system that was admired by citizens in
other city-states, where the ruling class made decisions. _________________
3. Cleisthenes made a plan to have every adult male citizen serve in the government.
__________
4. If you were considered uncivilized or rough-mannered, you were called a
________________
5. Used by the Greeks for protection and safety during enemy attacks. _____________
6. Used for trade and socializing, and was located below the acropolis. _____________
7. After the Dark Age, Athens was ruled by a group of leaders from wealthy, landowning
families. ______________
Analysis: Write a short paragraph that demonstrates how at least two terms are related.
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True/False
1. Villages formed city-states to organize democracies. ____
2. Life in Sparta centered around military duty. ____
3. All adult citizens in Athens could serve in the government. ____
Comprehension:
1. What were Solon’s reforms of 594 B.C.?
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2. Was Athenian democracy actually “Rule by the people?”
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3. Explain the Spartan way of life.
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Summary: During the 1100s B.C. the Greeks entered the Dark Age, where they reverted back to
a simpler way of life, with farming and herding societies. This lasted until 750 B.C. when
Classical Greece civilization began with the rise of city-states. These were protected by forts
called acropolises. Below was an open-air market for trade called an agora. Sparta was a very
powerful city-state that had an economy based on trade. With the majority of its people in the
lowest social class, Spartan citizens focused on having a strong military to prevent this, as well
as outside attack. Sparta used a governing system called an oligarchy, where a few people from
the ruling class had all authority. Athens was another large city-state, but it was ruled by an
aristocracy, where wealthy landowners had the authority. However, Athenians eventually
wanted more say in their government, so reform brought about the world’s first democracy,
where the people elect the leaders and rule by majority. One policy Athens adopted was to
have all citizens offered a chance to serve the government. The Greeks believed their gods
controlled events in nature and in human life, and mythology also played an important role in
their culture. Anyone who could not speak Greek was considered a barbarian.